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{{Short description|Roman Catholic archbishop}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2021}}
{{Use Irish English|date=December 2021}}
{{Infobox Christian leader
{{Infobox Christian leader
| type = Archbishop
| type = Archbishop
| honorific-prefix = [[Most Reverend|The Most Reverend]]
| honorific-prefix = [[Most Reverend|The Most Reverend]]
| name = Michael J. O'Doherty
| name = Michael J. O'Doherty
| honorific-suffix =
| honorific-suffix = [[Doctorate of Divinity|D.D]]
| native_name =
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| native_name_lang =
| title = [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila|Archbishop of Manila]]<br>Primate of the Philippines
| title = [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila|Archbishop of Manila]]
| image = Archbishop Michael J. O'Dogerty.jpg
| image = 1940 Portrait Archbishop Michael J. O'Doherty.jpg
| image_size =
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption = Archbishop Michael J. O'Doherty, 1940
| alt =
| church = [[Manila Cathedral]]
| caption = Archbishop Michael J. O'Doherty, 1947
| church = [[Manila Cathedral]]
| archdiocese = [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila|Manila]]
| province =
| archdiocese = [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila|Manila]]
| province =
| metropolis =
| metropolis =
| diocese =
| diocese =
| see =
| elected = [[Archbishop of Manila]]
| see =
| appointed = 6 September 1916
| elected = [[Archbishop of Manila]]
| term =
| appointed = September 6, 1916
| term =
| term_start =
| term_start =
| quashed =
| term_end = 13 October 1949
| quashed =
| predecessor = [[Jeremiah James Harty]]
| term_end = October 13, 1949
| opposed =
| predecessor = [[Jeremiah James Harty]]
| successor = [[Gabriel M. Reyes]]
| opposed =
| other_post = <!---------- Orders ---------->
| successor = [[Gabriel M. Reyes]]
| ordination = 18 October 1897
| other_post =
| ordinated_by =
<!---------- Orders ---------->
| consecration = 3 September 1911
| ordination = October 18, 1897
| consecrated_by = [[John Healy (bishop)|John Healy]]
| ordinated_by =
| consecration =
| cardinal =
| rank = <!---------- Personal details ---------->
| consecrated_by =
| cardinal =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1874|07|30}}
| rank =
| birth_place = [[Charlestown, County Mayo|Charlestown]], [[County Mayo]], [[Ireland]]
<!---------- Personal details ---------->
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1949|10|13|1874|07|30}}
| birth_name =
| death_place = [[Manila]], [[Philippines]]
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1874|07|30}}
| buried = [[Manila Cathedral]]
| birth_place = [[Charlestown, County Mayo|Charlestown]], [[County Mayo]], [[Ireland]]
| nationality = [[Irish people|Irish]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1949|10|13|1874|07|30}}
| death_place = [[Manila]], [[Philippines]]
| religion = [[Roman Catholic]]
| residence =
| buried = [[Manila Cathedral]]
| parents = Michael J. O'Doherty (father)<br>Julie E. O'Doherty ''née'' O'Kelly (mother)
| nationality = [[Irish people|Irish]]
| spouse =
| religion = [[Roman Catholic]]
| residence =
| children =
| occupation =
| parents = Michael J. O'Doherty<br>Julie E. O'Doherty ''née'' O'Kelly
| spouse =
| profession =
| previous_post = [[Archdiocese of Zamboanga|Bishop of Zamboanga]]
| children =
| education = [[Philosophy]] and [[Theology]]
| occupation =
| alma_mater = [[St. Patrick's College, Maynooth]] <br> [[Pontifical University of Salamanca]]
| profession =
| motto =
| previous_post = [[Archdiocese of Zamboanga|Bishop of Zamboanga]]
| signature =
| education = [[Philosophy]] and [[Theology]]
| signature_alt =
| alma_mater = [[St. Patrick's College, Maynooth]]
| motto =
| coat_of_arms =
| coat_of_arms_alt = <!---------- Sainthood ---------->
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| feast_day =
| coat_of_arms =
| venerated =
| coat_of_arms_alt =
| saint_title =
| beatified_date =
<!---------- Sainthood ---------->
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| attributes =
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| shrine =
| suppressed_date = <!---------- Other ---------->
| canonized_by =
| attributes =
| other =
| patronage =
| shrine =
| suppressed_date =
<!---------- Other ---------->
| other =
}}
}}


'''Michael James O'Doherty''' (July 30, 1874 – October 13, 1949) was the 27th [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila|Archbishop of Manila]] in the [[Philippines]].
'''Michael James O'Doherty''' (30 July 1874 – 13 October 1949) was an [[Irish people|Irish]] [[prelate]] and was the 27th [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila|Archbishop of Manila]] in the [[Philippines]]. O'Doherty was Archbishop of Manila for 33 years from 1916 until his death in 1949, making him the longest to hold the post, serving through the difficult years of the [[Japanese occupation of the Philippines|Japanese occupation]] and the [[Second World War]].


==Early life==
Born in [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|Ireland]], O'Doherty was archbishop for 33 years from 1916 until his death in 1949, making him the longest to hold the post, serving through the difficult years of the [[Japanese occupation of the Philippines|Japanese Occupation]] and the [[Second World War]].<ref>[http://www.rcam.org/archbishops "Archbishops of Manila"]. The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila. Retrieved on 2013-02-16.</ref>
Michael James O'Doherty was born in [[Charlestown, County Mayo|Charlestown]], [[County Mayo]], [[Ireland]] on 30 July 1874, to Michael J. and Julie E. O'Doherty ''née'' O'Kelly.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Cornejo|first=Miguel R.|url=https://www.filipinaslibrary.org.ph/biblio/45342/|title=Cornejo's Commonwealth Directory of the Philippines|publisher=Miguel R. Cornejo, A.B., LL.B|year=1939|location=Manila|pages=1977}}</ref>


==Biography==
== Education ==
Michael James O'Doherty was born in [[Charlestown, County Mayo|Charlestown]], [[County Mayo]], [[Ireland]] on July 30, 1874, to Michael J. and Julie E. O'Doherty ''née'' O'Kelly. He received his early education at St. Nathy's College, in [[Ballaghaderreen]] in [[County Roscommon]], before going to [[Maynooth]]. The brilliant scholar graduated in Philosophy and Theology from [[St. Patrick's College, Maynooth]]. At the age of 24, he was ordained on October 18, 1897 and became a priest of the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Achonry|Diocese of Achonry]].<ref name=free>[http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~morrisroe/notjustacouple.html "Dueling with General Pershing - Bishop Michael J. O'Doherty"]. Ancestry.com</ref><ref>[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08158a.htm "Irish Colleges on the Continent"]. New Advent Catholic Encyclopedia. Retrieved on 2013-02-16.</ref>
He received his early education at [[St Nathy's College|St. Nathy's College]], in [[Ballaghaderreen]] in [[County Roscommon]], before going to [[Maynooth]], [[Leinster]]. The brilliant scholar graduated in philosophy and theology from [[St. Patrick's College, Maynooth]].<ref name="free" /><ref name=":1" /> O'Doherty later studied in the [[Royal College of Science for Ireland|Royal College of Science]], in [[Dublin]], and the [[Irish College at Salamanca]], in the [[Restoration (Spain)|Kingdom of Spain]]. In 1896, O'Doherty obtained a [[Doctor of Divinity]] degree from the [[Pontifical University of Salamanca]].<ref name=":0" />


== Priesthood ==
His first assignment was a professorship at the St. Nathy's College, where he earlier studied. Through his efforts, he elevated the college into one of Ireland's prominent educational institutions. On June 22, 1904, Michael was appointed by the Council of Irish Bishops, as Rector of the [[Irish College]] in [[Salamanca]], [[Spain]], which he directed for seven years; his brother Denis would later succeed him. Under his leadership, he restored the ancient glory of the school after which he received a [[knighthood]] from [[King Alfonso XIII]] of Spain, who became his close friend. His reputation as a prominent educator and administrator elevated him in the Catholic hierarchy.<ref name=free/>
At the age of 24, he was ordained on 18 October 1897 and became a priest of the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Achonry|Diocese of Achonry]].<ref name="free">[http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~morrisroe/notjustacouple.html "Dueling with General Pershing - Bishop Michael J. O'Doherty"]. Ancestry.com</ref><ref name=":1">[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08158a.htm "Irish Colleges on the Continent"]. New Advent Catholic Encyclopedia. Retrieved on 2013-02-16.</ref>


In 1897, he became the professor of classics at his alma mater St. Nathy's College.<ref name=":0" /> Through his efforts, he elevated the college into one of Ireland's more prominent educational institutions. He served in this role until 1904.<ref name="free" />
He was also the founder of Manila Cathedral School.

On 22 June 1904, Michael was appointed by the [[Irish Catholic Bishops' Conference|Council of Irish Bishops]], as [[Rector (academia)|Rector]] of the [[Irish College]] in [[Salamanca]], [[Spain]]. Under his leadership, he restored the ancient glory of the school after which he received a [[knighthood]] from [[King Alfonso XIII]] of Spain, who became his close friend. His reputation as a prominent educator and administrator elevated him in the Catholic hierarchy.<ref name="free" /> He served as Rector of the Irish College until he left for the [[United States]] in 1911.<ref name="free" /><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite book|last=Finegan|first=Philip|url=https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15747a.htm|title=The Catholic Encyclopedia|publisher=Robert Appleton Company|year=1912|location=New York}}</ref> His brother Rev. Denis J. O'Doherty would later succeed him as rector of the college.<ref name="free" />


==Episcopacy==
==Episcopacy==
O'Doherty soon left the United States for the Philippines.<ref name=":0" /> In 1910, Pope Pius X created the diocese of Zamboanga with jurisdiction over Mindanao, previously under the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cebu|Dioceses of Cebu]] and [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Jaro|Jaro]].<ref name=":2" /> On 19 June 1911, O'Doherty was appointed as the first [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Zamboanga|Bishop of Zamboanga]], and was consecrated on 3 September 1911 by Archbishop [[John Healy (bishop)|John Healy]].{{fact|date=December 2021}}
When the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Zamboanga|Diocese of Zamboanga]] was created in 1911, [[Pope Pius X]] appointed O'Doherty as the southernmost Philippine city's first [[diocesan bishop]]. He was then translated to the Archdiocese of Manila in September 1916, succeeding [[Jeremiah James Harty]] who returned to the [[United States]] to become the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Omaha|Archbishop of Omaha]]. O'Doherty was [[consecrate]]d archbishop on December 14, 1916.<ref name=cathedral>[http://www.manilacathedral.org/Archbishops/arch_1.htm "The Archbishops of Manila (First—Present)"]. Manila Metropolitan Cathedral-Basilica Philippines Official Website. Retrieved on 2013-02-16.</ref>


On 6 September 1916, he became [[Archbishop of Manila]] succeeding Archbishop [[Jeremiah James Harty]] who returned to the [[United States]] to become the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Omaha|Archbishop of Omaha]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name="cathedral">[http://www.manilacathedral.org/Archbishops/arch_1.htm "The Archbishops of Manila (First—Present)"]. Manila Metropolitan Cathedral-Basilica Philippines Official Website. Retrieved on 2013-02-16.</ref> O'Doherty was [[consecrate]]d archbishop on 14 December 1916.<ref name="cathedral" /><ref>[http://www.rcam.org/archbishops "Archbishops of Manila"]. The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila. Retrieved on 2013-02-16.</ref>
As the leader of the Church in the Philippines, he established the Catholic Education Association of the Philippines (CEAP), and introduced the [[Legion of Mary]] to the country. He was appointed the head of preparations for the 1937 [[International Eucharistic Congress]] held in Manila.<ref name=cathedral/>


As the leader of the Catholic Church in the Philippines, he established the Catholic Education Association of the Philippines (CEAP), and introduced the [[Legion of Mary]] to the country. He was appointed the head of preparations for the 1937 [[International Eucharistic Congress]], held in Manila.<ref name="cathedral" /> In May 1938, as Bishop of Manila, he represented the Philippines at the 34th [[International Eucharistic Congress]] in [[Budapest]], [[Hungary]].<ref name=":0" />
During the [[Second World War]], he led the Archdiocese and the Philippine Church as a whole through prayers and clandestinely helping the needy, which almost cost him his life. He was thus under constant monitoring by the [[Imperial Japanese Army]].{{citation needed|date=February 2013}} After the [[Battle of Manila (1945)|Liberation of Manila]] in 1945, he led Filipino Catholics through the reconstruction by keeping morale high with prayer.

During the [[Second World War]], he led the archdiocese and the Philippine Church as a whole through prayers and clandestinely helping the needy, which almost cost him his life. He established the [[University of Santo Tomas Central Seminary Building|Santisimo Rosario Parish]] in 1942 to serve the spiritual and social needs of those who are in the internment camp inside the [[Santo Tomas Internment Camp]] ([[University of Santo Tomas]]). He was thus under constant monitoring by the [[Imperial Japanese Army]].{{citation needed|date=February 2013}} After the [[Battle of Manila (1945)|Liberation of Manila]] in 1945, he led Filipino Catholics through the reconstruction by keeping morale high with prayer.{{citation needed|date=July 2021}}

In 1949, O'Doherty founded the [[Manila Cathedral School]], in [[Tondo, Manila]], after the Manila Cathedral School of [[Intramuros]] was ruined in World War II.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Manila Cathedral School|title=Historical Glimpse|url=https://www.mcstayuman.edu.ph/historical-glimpse|website=Manila Cathedral School}}</ref>


==Death==
==Death==
O'Doherty died on October 13, 1949, and was buried in the [[crypt]] beneath [[Manila Cathedral]], together with past Archbishops. He was the last non-Filipino and the only Irishman to be [[ordinary (officer)|ordinary]] of the Archdiocese, ending a long line of Spanish and American [[prelate]]s.
O'Doherty died on 13 October 1949, and was buried in the [[crypt]] beneath [[Manila Cathedral]], together with past archbishops. He was the last non-Filipino and the only Irishman to be [[ordinary (Catholic Church)|ordinary]] of the archdiocese, ending a long line of Spanish and American [[prelate]]s.{{citation needed|date=July 2021}}

[[File:Tomb of Archbishop Michael O'Doherty.jpg|thumb|550px|center|Tomb of Archbishop Michael O'Doherty at the crypt of the [[Manila Cathedral]]]]

== Gallery ==
<gallery>
File:Archbishop Michael J. O'Dogerty.jpg|O'Doherty 1947 portrait
</gallery>


==Publications==
==Publications==
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{{s-ttl|title=[[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Zamboanga|Bishop of Zamboanga]] | years=1911–1916 }}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Zamboanga|Bishop of Zamboanga]] | years=1911–1916 }}
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{{Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Zamboanga}}
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[[Category:1874 births]]
[[Category:1874 births]]
[[Category:1949 deaths]]
[[Category:1949 deaths]]
[[Category:Irish emigrants to the Philippines]]
[[Category:20th-century Roman Catholic archbishops in the Philippines]]
[[Category:Irish Roman Catholic bishops]]
[[Category:People from County Mayo]]
[[Category:Archbishops of Manila]]
[[Category:Alumni of St Patrick's College, Maynooth]]
[[Category:Alumni of St Patrick's College, Maynooth]]
[[Category:20th-century Roman Catholic archbishops]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic archbishops of Manila]]
[[Category:Burials at the Manila Cathedral]]
[[Category:Burials at the Manila Cathedral]]
[[Category:Irish expatriate Roman Catholic bishops]]
[[Category:Irish emigrants to the Philippines]]
[[Category:Christian clergy from County Mayo]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila]]
[[Category:People from Charlestown, County Mayo]]

Latest revision as of 04:10, 10 December 2023

The Most Reverend

Michael J. O'Doherty

D.D
Archbishop of Manila
Archbishop Michael J. O'Doherty, 1940
ChurchManila Cathedral
ArchdioceseManila
Appointed6 September 1916
Term ended13 October 1949
PredecessorJeremiah James Harty
SuccessorGabriel M. Reyes
Orders
Ordination18 October 1897
Consecration3 September 1911
by John Healy
Personal details
Born(1874-07-30)30 July 1874
Charlestown, County Mayo, Ireland
Died13 October 1949(1949-10-13) (aged 75)
Manila, Philippines
BuriedManila Cathedral
NationalityIrish
DenominationRoman Catholic
ParentsMichael J. O'Doherty (father)
Julie E. O'Doherty née O'Kelly (mother)
Previous post(s)Bishop of Zamboanga
EducationPhilosophy and Theology
Alma materSt. Patrick's College, Maynooth
Pontifical University of Salamanca

Michael James O'Doherty (30 July 1874 – 13 October 1949) was an Irish prelate and was the 27th Archbishop of Manila in the Philippines. O'Doherty was Archbishop of Manila for 33 years from 1916 until his death in 1949, making him the longest to hold the post, serving through the difficult years of the Japanese occupation and the Second World War.

Early life[edit]

Michael James O'Doherty was born in Charlestown, County Mayo, Ireland on 30 July 1874, to Michael J. and Julie E. O'Doherty née O'Kelly.[1]

Education[edit]

He received his early education at St. Nathy's College, in Ballaghaderreen in County Roscommon, before going to Maynooth, Leinster. The brilliant scholar graduated in philosophy and theology from St. Patrick's College, Maynooth.[2][3] O'Doherty later studied in the Royal College of Science, in Dublin, and the Irish College at Salamanca, in the Kingdom of Spain. In 1896, O'Doherty obtained a Doctor of Divinity degree from the Pontifical University of Salamanca.[1]

Priesthood[edit]

At the age of 24, he was ordained on 18 October 1897 and became a priest of the Diocese of Achonry.[2][3]

In 1897, he became the professor of classics at his alma mater St. Nathy's College.[1] Through his efforts, he elevated the college into one of Ireland's more prominent educational institutions. He served in this role until 1904.[2]

On 22 June 1904, Michael was appointed by the Council of Irish Bishops, as Rector of the Irish College in Salamanca, Spain. Under his leadership, he restored the ancient glory of the school after which he received a knighthood from King Alfonso XIII of Spain, who became his close friend. His reputation as a prominent educator and administrator elevated him in the Catholic hierarchy.[2] He served as Rector of the Irish College until he left for the United States in 1911.[2][1][4] His brother Rev. Denis J. O'Doherty would later succeed him as rector of the college.[2]

Episcopacy[edit]

O'Doherty soon left the United States for the Philippines.[1] In 1910, Pope Pius X created the diocese of Zamboanga with jurisdiction over Mindanao, previously under the Dioceses of Cebu and Jaro.[4] On 19 June 1911, O'Doherty was appointed as the first Bishop of Zamboanga, and was consecrated on 3 September 1911 by Archbishop John Healy.[citation needed]

On 6 September 1916, he became Archbishop of Manila succeeding Archbishop Jeremiah James Harty who returned to the United States to become the Archbishop of Omaha.[1][5] O'Doherty was consecrated archbishop on 14 December 1916.[5][6]

As the leader of the Catholic Church in the Philippines, he established the Catholic Education Association of the Philippines (CEAP), and introduced the Legion of Mary to the country. He was appointed the head of preparations for the 1937 International Eucharistic Congress, held in Manila.[5] In May 1938, as Bishop of Manila, he represented the Philippines at the 34th International Eucharistic Congress in Budapest, Hungary.[1]

During the Second World War, he led the archdiocese and the Philippine Church as a whole through prayers and clandestinely helping the needy, which almost cost him his life. He established the Santisimo Rosario Parish in 1942 to serve the spiritual and social needs of those who are in the internment camp inside the Santo Tomas Internment Camp (University of Santo Tomas). He was thus under constant monitoring by the Imperial Japanese Army.[citation needed] After the Liberation of Manila in 1945, he led Filipino Catholics through the reconstruction by keeping morale high with prayer.[citation needed]

In 1949, O'Doherty founded the Manila Cathedral School, in Tondo, Manila, after the Manila Cathedral School of Intramuros was ruined in World War II.[7]

Death[edit]

O'Doherty died on 13 October 1949, and was buried in the crypt beneath Manila Cathedral, together with past archbishops. He was the last non-Filipino and the only Irishman to be ordinary of the archdiocese, ending a long line of Spanish and American prelates.[citation needed]

Tomb of Archbishop Michael O'Doherty at the crypt of the Manila Cathedral

Gallery[edit]

  • O'Doherty 1947 portrait
    O'Doherty 1947 portrait

Publications[edit]

  • Articles on Spanish Catholicism and Society, Irish Ecclesiastical Record (1911).

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Cornejo, Miguel R. (1939). Cornejo's Commonwealth Directory of the Philippines. Manila: Miguel R. Cornejo, A.B., LL.B. p. 1977.
  2. ^ a b c d e f "Dueling with General Pershing - Bishop Michael J. O'Doherty". Ancestry.com
  3. ^ a b "Irish Colleges on the Continent". New Advent Catholic Encyclopedia. Retrieved on 2013-02-16.
  4. ^ a b Finegan, Philip (1912). The Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
  5. ^ a b c "The Archbishops of Manila (First—Present)". Manila Metropolitan Cathedral-Basilica Philippines Official Website. Retrieved on 2013-02-16.
  6. ^ "Archbishops of Manila". The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila. Retrieved on 2013-02-16.
  7. ^ Manila Cathedral School. "Historical Glimpse". Manila Cathedral School.
Catholic Church titles
New post Bishop of Zamboanga
1911–1916 		Succeeded by
James Paul McCloskey
Preceded by Archbishop of Manila
1916–1949 		Succeeded by
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