Prunus gracilis: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Species of tree}} |
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|status = LR/lc |
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|image_caption = 1913 illustration<ref>illustration published in Britton, N.L., and A. Brown. 1913. An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British Possessions. Vol. 2: 323.</ref> |
|image_caption = 1913 illustration<ref>illustration published in Britton, N.L., and A. Brown. 1913. An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British Possessions. Vol. 2: 323.</ref> |
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| subgenus = Prunus |
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|display_parents = 2 |
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|genus = Prunus |
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|species = gracilis |
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|authority = [[George Engelmann|Engelm.]] & [[Asa Gray|A.Gray]] |
|authority = [[George Engelmann|Engelm.]] & [[Asa Gray|A.Gray]] |
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|synonyms=''Prunus normalis'' <small>Small</small> |
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|status_ref=<ref name="iucn status 12 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=Pollard, R.P. |author2=Rhodes, L. |author3=Maxted, N. |date=2016 |title=''Prunus gracilis'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T50403541A50673957 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T50403541A50673957.en |access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref> |
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'''''Prunus gracilis''''', called the '''Oklahoma plum''',<ref>{{PLANTS|id=PRGR|taxon=Prunus gracilis|accessdate=14 October 2015}}</ref><ref name=" |
'''''Prunus gracilis''''', called the '''Oklahoma plum''',<ref>{{PLANTS|id=PRGR|taxon=Prunus gracilis|accessdate=14 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="iucn status 12 November 2021" /> '''sour plum''', and '''sand plum''', is a species of ''[[Prunus]]'' native to the south-central United States. |
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== Description == |
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''Prunus gracilis'' grows up to {{convert|6|ft|m|abbr=off|order=flip}} tall, has five-petaled leaves, and fruits ripen June–August.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=PRGR|title=''Prunus gracilis''|publisher=Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center|access-date=December 30, 2014}}</ref> It grows in clusters and thickets.<ref>{{cite book|title=Native American species of Prunus|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IKQUAAAAYAAJ&q=prunus+gracilis&pg=PA58|last=Wright|first=William Franklin|year=1915|publisher=United States Department of Agriculture|location=Washington, DC|page=58}}</ref> It is [[hermaphroditic]] and pollinated by insects.<ref name="iucn status 12 November 2021" /> |
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== Taxonomy == |
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The [[Botanical name#Binary name|specific epithet]] ''Gracilis'' refers to 'slender branches'.<ref>{{cite web |title=''Prunus gracilis'' Engelm. & Gray |url=http://www.biosurvey.ou.edu/shrub/prun-gra.htm |access-date=December 30, 2014 |publisher=Oklahoma Biological Survey, University of Oklahoma}}</ref> |
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It is natively found in various states of United States, from [[Alabama]], [[Arkansas]], [[Colorado]], [[Kansas]], [[Louisiana]], [[New Mexico]], [[Oklahoma]] and [[Texas]].<ref name="iucnredlist"/> |
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==Distribution and habitat== |
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==Habitat== |
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It is natively found in various states of the United States, including [[Alabama]], southwestern [[Arkansas]], southeastern [[Colorado]], [[Kansas]], northwestern [[Louisiana]], eastern [[New Mexico]], [[Oklahoma]], and [[Texas]].<ref name="iucn status 12 November 2021" /><ref name="grin">{{GRIN|accessdate=December 30, 2014}}</ref><ref>[http://bonap.net/MapGallery/County/Prunus%20gracilis.png Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map]</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=PRGR|title=USDA Plants Database}}</ref> |
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== Uses == |
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Its red fruits are considered poor for eating, but Native Americans dried them for consumption during winter.<ref>{{cite web |title=Oklahoma Plum, Sour Plum, Sand Plum |url=http://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu/ornamentals/nativeshrubs/prunusgracil.htm |access-date=December 30, 2014 |publisher=Texas A&M University}}</ref> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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==External links== |
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* {{PFAF|Prunus gracilis}} |
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*[http://www.tropicos.org/Image/54690 photo of herbarium specimen at Missouri Botanical Garden, collected in Republic of Texas in 1844] |
* [http://www.tropicos.org/Image/54690 photo of herbarium specimen at Missouri Botanical Garden, collected in Republic of Texas in 1844] |
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*{{commons category-inline|Prunus_gracilis}} |
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*{{ |
* {{commons category-inline|Prunus gracilis}} |
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* {{wikispecies-inline|Prunus gracilis}} |
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{{taxonbar |from=Q577883}} |
{{taxonbar |from=Q577883}} |
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[[Category:Prunus|gracilis]] |
[[Category:Prunus|gracilis]] |
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[[Category:Flora of the United States]] |
[[Category:Flora of the United States]] |
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[[Category:Plants described in 1845]] |
[[Category:Plants described in 1845]] |
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[[Category:Prunus sect. Prunocerasus|gracilis]] |
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Latest revision as of 19:27, 25 December 2023
Prunus gracilis | |
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1913 illustration[1] | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Rosids |
Order: | Rosales |
Family: | Rosaceae |
Genus: | Prunus |
Subgenus: | Prunus subg. Prunus |
Section: | Prunus sect. Prunocerasus |
Species: | P. gracilis
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Binomial name | |
Prunus gracilis | |
Synonyms | |
Prunus normalis Small |
Prunus gracilis, called the Oklahoma plum,[3][2] sour plum, and sand plum, is a species of Prunus native to the south-central United States.
Description[edit]
Prunus gracilis grows up to 1.8 metres (6 feet) tall, has five-petaled leaves, and fruits ripen June–August.[4] It grows in clusters and thickets.[5] It is hermaphroditic and pollinated by insects.[2]
Taxonomy[edit]
The specific epithet Gracilis refers to 'slender branches'.[6]
Distribution and habitat[edit]
It is natively found in various states of the United States, including Alabama, southwestern Arkansas, southeastern Colorado, Kansas, northwestern Louisiana, eastern New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas.[2][7][8][9]
It is found growing in fence rows, open woodlands, woodlands edge, forest openings, hillsides, slopes, sandy roadsides, upland thickets and waste places. It is normally found at 100–1,300 m (330–4,270 ft) above sea level.[2]
Uses[edit]
Its red fruits are considered poor for eating, but Native Americans dried them for consumption during winter.[10]
References[edit]
- ^ illustration published in Britton, N.L., and A. Brown. 1913. An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British Possessions. Vol. 2: 323.
- ^ a b c d e Pollard, R.P.; Rhodes, L.; Maxted, N. (2016). "Prunus gracilis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T50403541A50673957. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T50403541A50673957.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Prunus gracilis". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 14 October 2015.
- ^ "Prunus gracilis". Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center. Retrieved December 30, 2014.
- ^ Wright, William Franklin (1915). Native American species of Prunus. Washington, DC: United States Department of Agriculture. p. 58.
- ^ "Prunus gracilis Engelm. & Gray". Oklahoma Biological Survey, University of Oklahoma. Retrieved December 30, 2014.
- ^ "Prunus gracilis". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved December 30, 2014.
- ^ Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map
- ^ "USDA Plants Database".
- ^ "Oklahoma Plum, Sour Plum, Sand Plum". Texas A&M University. Retrieved December 30, 2014.
External links[edit]
- "Prunus gracilis". Plants for a Future.
- photo of herbarium specimen at Missouri Botanical Garden, collected in Republic of Texas in 1844
- Media related to Prunus gracilis at Wikimedia Commons
- Data related to Prunus gracilis at Wikispecies