Sphenopsis: Difference between revisions
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==Taxonomy and species list== |
==Taxonomy and species list== |
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The four species now placed in this genus were formerly assigned to the genus ''Hemispingus''. A [[molecular phylogenetic]] study published in 2014 found that ''Hemispingus'' was [[polyphyletic]] and as part of the subsequent rearrangement, the genus ''Sphenopsis'' was resurrected for these four species.<ref>{{cite journal| last1=Burns | first1=K.J. | last2=Shultz | first2=A.J. | last3=Title | first3=P.O. | last4=Mason | first4=N.A. | last5=Barker | first5=F.K. | last6=Klicka | first6=J. | last7=Lanyon | first7=S.M. | last8=Lovette | first8=I.J. | year=2014 | title=Phylogenetics and diversification of tanagers (Passeriformes: Thraupidae), the largest radiation of Neotropical songbirds | journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution| volume=75| pages=41–77 | doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2014.02.006 | pmid=24583021 | url=https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3613&context=biosci_pubs }}</ref><ref>{{ cite journal | last1=Burns | first1=K.J. | last2=Unitt | first2=P. | last3=Mason | first3=N.A. | year=2016 | title=A genus-level classification of the family Thraupidae (Class Aves: Order Passeriformes) | journal=Zootaxa | volume=4088 | issue=3 | pages=329–354 | doi=10.11646/zootaxa.4088.3.2 | pmid=27394344 }}</ref><ref name=ioc>{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | editor3-last=Rasmussen | editor3-first=Pamela | editor3-link=Pamela Rasmussen | date=July 2020 | title=Tanagers and allies | work=IOC World Bird List Version 10.2 | url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/tanagers/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | accessdate=9 November 2020 }}</ref> The genus had been introduced in 1862 by the English zoologist [[Philip Sclater]] with the [[type species]] as ''Sphenopsis ignobilis'', a taxon that is now treated as a [[subspecies]] of the [[oleaginous hemispingus]].<ref name=ioc/><ref>{{ cite journal | last=Sclater | first=Philip Lutley| author-link=Philip Sclater | year=1861 | title=Descriptions of twelve new species of American birds, of the families Dendrocolaptidae, Formicariidae, and Tyrannidae | journal=Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London | pages=377–383 [379] | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28672925 }} Although the title page is dated 1861, the article was not published until 1862.</ref> The name ''Sphenopsis'' combines the [[Ancient Greek]] ''sphēn'' meaning "wedge" with ''opsis'' meaning "appearance".<ref>{{cite book | last=Jobling | first=James A. | year=2010| title=The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | publisher=Christopher Helm | location=London | isbn=978-1-4081-2501-4 | page=361 }}</ref> |
The four species now placed in this genus were formerly assigned to the genus ''Hemispingus''. A [[molecular phylogenetic]] study published in 2014 found that ''Hemispingus'' was [[polyphyletic]] and as part of the subsequent rearrangement, the genus ''Sphenopsis'' was resurrected for these four species.<ref>{{cite journal| last1=Burns | first1=K.J. | last2=Shultz | first2=A.J. | last3=Title | first3=P.O. | last4=Mason | first4=N.A. | last5=Barker | first5=F.K. | last6=Klicka | first6=J. | last7=Lanyon | first7=S.M. | last8=Lovette | first8=I.J. | year=2014 | title=Phylogenetics and diversification of tanagers (Passeriformes: Thraupidae), the largest radiation of Neotropical songbirds | journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution| volume=75| pages=41–77 | doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2014.02.006 | pmid=24583021 | url=https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3613&context=biosci_pubs }}</ref><ref>{{ cite journal | last1=Burns | first1=K.J. | last2=Unitt | first2=P. | last3=Mason | first3=N.A. | year=2016 | title=A genus-level classification of the family Thraupidae (Class Aves: Order Passeriformes) | journal=Zootaxa | volume=4088 | issue=3 | pages=329–354 | doi=10.11646/zootaxa.4088.3.2 | pmid=27394344 }}</ref><ref name=ioc>{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | editor3-last=Rasmussen | editor3-first=Pamela | editor3-link=Pamela Rasmussen | date=July 2020 | title=Tanagers and allies | work=IOC World Bird List Version 10.2 | url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/tanagers/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | accessdate=9 November 2020 }}</ref> The genus had been introduced in 1862 by the English zoologist [[Philip Sclater]] with the [[type species]] as ''Sphenopsis ignobilis'', a taxon that is now treated as a [[subspecies]] of the [[oleaginous hemispingus]].<ref name=ioc/><ref>{{ cite journal | last=Sclater | first=Philip Lutley| author-link=Philip Sclater | year=1861 | title=Descriptions of twelve new species of American birds, of the families Dendrocolaptidae, Formicariidae, and Tyrannidae | journal=Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London | volume=1861| pages=377–383 [379] | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28672925 }} Although the title page is dated 1861, the article was not published until 1862.</ref> The name ''Sphenopsis'' combines the [[Ancient Greek]] ''sphēn'' meaning "wedge" with ''opsis'' meaning "appearance".<ref>{{cite book | last=Jobling | first=James A. | year=2010| title=The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | publisher=Christopher Helm | location=London | isbn=978-1-4081-2501-4 | page=361 }}</ref> |
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The four species in the genus are:<ref name=ioc/> |
The four species in the genus are:<ref name=ioc/> |
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Latest revision as of 23:46, 12 May 2024
| Sphenopsis | |
|---|---|
| |
| Black-eared hemispingus (Sphenopsis melanotis) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Thraupidae |
| Genus: | Sphenopsis Sclater, 1862 |
| Type species | |
| Sphenopsis ignobilis Sclater, PL, 1862
| |
| Species | |
|
See text | |
Sphenopsis is a genus of warbler-like birds in the tanager family Thraupidae. They are found in highland forest of South America.
Taxonomy and species list[edit]
The four species now placed in this genus were formerly assigned to the genus Hemispingus. A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2014 found that Hemispingus was polyphyletic and as part of the subsequent rearrangement, the genus Sphenopsis was resurrected for these four species.[1][2][3] The genus had been introduced in 1862 by the English zoologist Philip Sclater with the type species as Sphenopsis ignobilis, a taxon that is now treated as a subspecies of the oleaginous hemispingus.[3][4] The name Sphenopsis combines the Ancient Greek sphēn meaning "wedge" with opsis meaning "appearance".[5]
The four species in the genus are:[3]
| Image | Common Name | Scientific name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
 |
Oleaginous hemispingus | Sphenopsis frontalis | Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. |
.jpg) |
Black-eared hemispingus | Sphenopsis melanotis | Venezuela, through to western Bolivia |
.jpg) |
Piura hemispingus | Sphenopsis piurae | Ecuador and Peru. |
.jpg) |
Western hemispingus | Sphenopsis ochracea | Ecuador and Colombia. |
References[edit]
- ^ Burns, K.J.; Shultz, A.J.; Title, P.O.; Mason, N.A.; Barker, F.K.; Klicka, J.; Lanyon, S.M.; Lovette, I.J. (2014). "Phylogenetics and diversification of tanagers (Passeriformes: Thraupidae), the largest radiation of Neotropical songbirds". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 75: 41–77. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.02.006. PMID 24583021.
- ^ Burns, K.J.; Unitt, P.; Mason, N.A. (2016). "A genus-level classification of the family Thraupidae (Class Aves: Order Passeriformes)". Zootaxa. 4088 (3): 329–354. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4088.3.2. PMID 27394344.
- ^ a b c Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (July 2020). "Tanagers and allies". IOC World Bird List Version 10.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 9 November 2020.
- ^ Sclater, Philip Lutley (1861). "Descriptions of twelve new species of American birds, of the families Dendrocolaptidae, Formicariidae, and Tyrannidae". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 1861: 377–383 [379]. Although the title page is dated 1861, the article was not published until 1862.
- ^ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 361. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
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