Shenyang J-13
J-13 | |
---|---|
Role | Air superiority fighter |
National origin | China |
Manufacturer | Shenyang Aircraft Corporation |
Designer | Shenyang Aircraft Design Institute |
Status | Project cancelled in October 1971 |
The Shenyang J-13 (Chinese: 歼-13; traditional: 殲-13) was a long-running Chinese project by Shenyang Aircraft Corporation to develop a light-weight, single engine fighter aircraft, that was ultimately cancelled due to lack of funding.[1]
Development
As early as 1970, Shenyang Aircraft Corporation's 601 Institute had been designing a replacement for the People's Liberation Army Air Force's (PLAAF) aging fleet of Shenyang J-6 fighter jets (the Shenyang J-6 was a copy of the Soviet Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-19 'Farmer') . Airframes were being tested for their aerodynamic configuration through a wind tunnel. In 1974, the PLAAF formally proposed the development of a replacement for the Shenyang J-6 for the 1960s by a light-weight air-superiority fighter aircraft capable of achieving speeds of up to Mach 2.0. In the same year, testing was done on twenty different wing configurations. In 1966, testing on the material and the selection of electronics and avionic equipment to be used for the airframe were undertaken. Seven different airframes were tested in total. As progress on the airframe continued, a constant problem that had arisen in similar Chinese fighter aircraft projects, such as the Chengdu J-9 and Nanchang J-12, met the J-6 replacement project; the lack of viable, high performance engine. Initially planning to use the WS-9 turbofan engine (a copy of the British Rolls-Royce Spey Mk. 202 engine), setbacks in its development led to initial testing with the WS-6 turbofan engine (which was capable of providing 12,200 kg of thrust). The WS-9 (9,300 kg of thrust) was finally completed by 1970 but would prove to be unable to properly power a single-engine fighter and would later go on to power the twin-engine Xian JH-7 fighter-bomber. After this, nearly all prototypes were canceled, with 2 being sent to other institutions for further testing. In August 1978, an Egyptian Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23MS 'Flogger-E' was sent to the 601 Institute and by March 1979 an order to reverse engineer the MiG-23's Tumansky R-29 turbojet engine was placed for use by the project, which by the late 1970s had finalised its design and officially been allocated the designation J-13 Type 2. The Chinese R-29 copy, called the 'WP-15' (capable of 12,500 kg of wet thrust), like the earlier WS-6 engine, proved to be underwhelming. Delays caused by engine problems, and the success of Shenyang's redesigned Shenyang J-8II caused funding to be severely cut by 1981. The project was technically not cancelled outright though but placed on low-priority. A new list of operational requirements for the J-13 Type 2 were set in the late 1980s. These requirements were, for the J-13 Type 2 be able to combat other, newly introduced fighters such as the Mikoyan MiG-29 and F-16 Fighting Falcon. The project was eventually abandoned in the early 1990s due to the success of Chengdu Aircraft Industry Group's Chengdu J-10 project.[2] From the various aerodynamic tests on the seven different airframes, one airframe in particular the J-13V was later incorporated into the further development of Chengdu's J-10 project.[3]
Design
The J-13 was to be a single-engine, single-seat, light-weight, indigenously developed, air-superiority fighter. The J-13's finalised design was a cantilever winged fighter with fuselage side-mounted air intakes. The airframe was designed for high speed and high-altitude interception with limited secondary air-to-ground capabilities, the J-13 possessed a service ceiling of over 19,000 metres, a maximum speed of Mach 2.7 and a climb rate of 254 m/s (50,000 ft/min). The maximum range has been stated to be 2340 km and a maximum overload of +9Gs. Although an entirely a Chinese design and unrelated, the J-13 has a striking resemblance of the Lockheed F-104 Starfighter fighter aircraft, which was developed decades earlier. Although never armed, the finalised design briefly outlined provisions for a cannon and at least two wingtip-mounted, PL-5 missiles, and 4 hardpoints for other missiles.[4]
Prototypes
The number is the order of completion.[5]
Frame Number | Canceled | Name |
---|---|---|
J-13 Type 1 | ||
1 | 1971 | J-13P1 |
3 | 1971 | J-13P3 |
4 | 1971 | J-13P4 |
5 | 1971 | J-13P5 |
6 | 1971 | J-13P6 |
J-13 Type 2 | ||
1 | 1991 | J-13P2 |
7 | 1991 | J-13P7
SpecificationsData from [citation needed] General characteristics
Performance
Armament
See also
References
External linksMedia related to Shenyang J-13 at Wikimedia Commons |