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{{Short description|Order of cartilaginous fishes}}
{{Taxobox_begin | color = pink | name = Myliobatiformes}}
{{Automatic taxobox
<!-- {{Taxobox_image | image = | caption = }} -->
| fossil_range = {{fossil range|Hauterivian|recent|[[Early Cretaceous]] to recent<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Marmi |first=Josep |last2=Vila # |first2=Bernat |last3=Oms |first3=Oriol |last4=Galobart |first4=Àngel |last5=Cappetta |first5=Henri |date=2010-05-18 |title=Oldest records of stingray spines (Chondrichthyes, Myliobatiformes) |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02724631003758011 |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |language=en |volume=30 |issue=3 |pages=970–974 |doi=10.1080/02724631003758011 |issn=0272-4634}}</ref>}}
{{Taxobox_begin_placement | color = pink}}
| image = Dasyatis brevicaudata 4x3.jpg
{{Taxobox_regnum_entry | taxon = [[Animal]]ia}}
| image_caption = [[Short-tail stingray]], ''Dasyatis brevicaudata''
{{Taxobox_phylum_entry | taxon = [[Chordate|Chordata]]}}
⚫
| taxon = Myliobatiformes
{{Taxobox_classis_entry | taxon = [[Chondrichthyes]]}}
| authority = [[Leonard Joseph Victor Compagno|Compagno]], 1973
{{Taxobox_subclassis_entry | taxon = [[Elasmobranchii]]}}
| subdivision_ranks = Suborders
{{Taxobox_superordo_entry | taxon = [[Batoidea]]}}
| subdivision = * [[Platyrhinoidei]]
{{Taxobox_ordo_entry | taxon = '''Myliobatiformes'''}}<br/>{{Taxobox authority | author = Compagno | date = 1973}}
* [[Zanobatoidei]] {{efn|name=Zanobatoidei|Genetic evidence now places Zanobatidae in [[Rhinopristiformes]]<ref name=Naylor-2012>{{cite book| author1=Naylor, G.J.P.|author2=Caira, J.N.|author3=Jensen, K.|author4=Rosana, K.A.M.|author5=Straube, N.|author6=Lakner, C. | year=2012 | chapter=Elasmobranch Phylogeny: A Mitochondrial Estimate Based on 595 Species | editor1=Carrier, J.C.|editor2=Musick, J.A.|editor3=Heithaus, M.R. | title=Biology of Sharks and Their Relatives | edition=2 | publisher=CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida | pages=31–56 |chapter-url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/289995314}}</ref><ref name=Aschliman-2012>{{cite journal| author1=Aschliman|author2=Nishida|author3=Miya|author4=Inoue|author5=Rosana|author6=Naylord | year=2012 | title=Body plan convergence in the evolution of skates and rays (Chondrichthyes: Batoidea) | journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution | volume=63 | issue=1 | pages=28–42 | doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2011.12.012|pmid=22209858}}</ref> or as [[sister taxon]] to Rhinopristiformes.<ref>{{cite journal| author1=Last, P.R.|author2=Séret, B.|author3=Naylor, G.J.P. | year=2016 | title=A new species of guitarfish, Rhinobatos borneensis sp. nov. with a redefinition of the family-level classification in the order Rhinopristiformes (Chondrichthyes: Batoidea) | journal=Zootaxa | volume=4117 | issue=4 | pages=451–475 | doi=10.11646/zootaxa.4117.4.1 | pmid=27395187}}</ref>}}
{{Taxobox_end_placement}}
* [[Myliobatoidei]]
{{Taxobox_section_subdivision | color = pink | plural_taxon = Families}}
See text for families.
Dasyatidae ([[sting ray]]s)<br />
| type_species = [[Myliobatis aquila]]
⚫
Gymnuridae ([[butterfly ray]]s)<br />
| type_species_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|1758]]
Mobulidae ([[Manta ray|manta ray]]s) <br />
}}
Myliobatidae ([[eagle ray]]s) <br />
Rhinobatidae ([[guitarfish]]es)
{{Taxobox_end}}
Kingdom [[Animal]]ia, Phylum [[Chordate|Chordata]], Class [[Chondrichthyes]], Order '''Myliobatiformes'''


[[File:Porcupine ray from Lakshadweep JJH edit.jpg|thumb|Camouflaged [[porcupine ray]] ]]
# Dasyatidae ([[sting ray]]s)
# Gymnuridae ([[butterfly ray]]s)
# Mobulidae ([[Manta ray|manta ray]]s)
⚫
# Myliobatidae ([[eagle ray]]s)
# Rhinobatidae ([[guitarfish]]es)


'''Myliobatiformes''' ({{IPAc-en|m|I|l|i|'|Q|b|@|t|ᵻ|f|ɔr|m|iː|z}}) is one of the four [[order (biology)|orders]] of [[Batoidea|batoids]], [[cartilaginous fish]]es related to sharks.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Froese|first1=R.|last2=Pauly|first2=D.|title=Myliobatiformes|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=196069|website=WoRMS|access-date=4 May 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Order Summary for Myliobatiformes|url=http://www.fishbase.org/summary/OrdersSummary.php?order=Myliobatiformes|website=FishBase|access-date=4 May 2018}}</ref> They were formerly included in the order [[Rajiformes]], but more recent [[phylogenetic]] studies have shown the myliobatiforms to be a [[monophyletic group]], and its more [[Synapomorphy|derived]] members evolved their highly flattened shapes independently of the [[Skate (fish)|skate]]s.<ref name="nelson">{{cite book |title=Fishes of the World |author=Nelson, J.S. |edition=fourth |publisher=John Wiley |year=2006 |isbn=0-471-25031-7 |pages=69–82}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Martin|first1=R. Aidan|title=Myliobatiformes: Stingrays|url=http://www.elasmo-research.org/education/shark_profiles/myliobatiformes.htm|website=ReefQuest Centre for Shark Research|access-date=4 May 2018}}</ref>
{{fish-stub}}
⚫
[[Category:Rays]]


==Classification==
⚫
[[de:Myliobatiformes]]
Nelson's ''[[Fishes of the World]]'' arranges the Myliobatiformes as:<ref name="Nelson-2006">{{Cite book
| edition = 4 | publisher = John Wiley & Sons | isbn = 978-0-471-25031-9 | last = Nelson | first = J. S. | title = [[Fishes of the World]] | location = Hoboken, NJ | date = 2006}}</ref><ref name="NGW-2016">{{BioRef|fotw5|gb-page=136|pages=80-95|title=Division Batomorphi—rays}}</ref>

*Suborder [[Platyrhinoidei]]
**Family [[Platyrhinidae]] (thornbacks)
*Suborder [[Zanobatoidei]] {{efn|name=Zanobatoidei}}
**Family [[Zanobatidae]] (panrays)
*Suborder [[Myliobatoidei]] ([[stingray]]s)
**Superfamily [[Hexatrygonoidea]]
***Family [[Hexatrygonidae]] (sixgill stingray)
**Superfamily [[Urolophoidea]]
***Family [[Plesiobatidae]] (deepwater stingray)
***Family [[Urolophidae]] (round stingrays)
**Superfamily [[Urotrygonoidea]]
***Family [[Urotrygonidae]] (American round stingrays)
**Superfamily [[Dasyatoidea]]
***Genus †''[[Lessiniabatis]]'' (fossil)
***Family [[Dasyatidae]] (whiptail stingrays)
***Family [[Potamotrygonidae]] (river stingrays)
⚫
***Family [[Gymnuridae]] (butterfly rays)
***Family †[[Dasyomyliobatidae]] (fossil)
⚫
***Family [[Myliobatidae]] (eagle rays)
****Subfamily [[Myliobatidae|Myliobatinae]] (eagle rays)
****Subfamily [[Mobulidae|Mobulinae]] (manta rays, devil rays){{efn |name=family|Recognised as family by some authorities<ref name=RaysOfWorld>{{cite book |chapter=Phylogeny and Classification of Rays
|first1=GJP |last1=Naylor |first2=L |last2=Yang |first3=S |last3=Corrigan |first4=MR |last4=de Carvalho |pages=10–15
|title=Rays of the World|editor1-first=Peter |editor1-last=Last |editor2-first=Gavin |editor2-last=Naylor |editor3-first=Bernard |editor3-last=Séret |editor4-first=William |editor4-last=White |editor5-first=Marcelo |editor5-last=de Carvalho |editor6-first=Matthias |editor6-last=Stehmann
|publisher=Csiro Publishing |year=2016 |isbn=9780643109148 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ds6sDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA10}}</ref>}}
****Subfamily [[Rhinopteridae|Rhinopterinae]] (cownose rays){{efn |name=family}}
***Family †[[Rhombodontidae]] (fossil)

{{notelist}}

The family [[Aetobatus|Aetobatidae]] is recognised by some authorities. It contains the genus ''Aetobatus'', which is otherwise part of Myliobatinae. <ref name="WhiteNaylor2016">{{cite journal|last1=White|first1=William T.|last2=Naylor|first2=Gavin J.P.|title=Resurrection of the family Aetobatidae (Myliobatiformes) for the pelagic eagle rays, genus Aetobatus|journal=Zootaxa|volume=4139|issue=3|year=2016|pages=435–438|issn=1175-5334|doi=10.11646/zootaxa.4139.3.10|pmid=27470816}}</ref><ref name=RaysOfWorld/>

The families Myliobatidae and Rhombodontidae are sometimes grouped in their own superfamily, [[Myliobatoidea]].<ref name="Hoganson2019">{{Cite journal |last=Hoganson |first=John |last2=Erickson |first2=J. Mark |last3=Holland |first3=F. D. |title=Chondrichthyan and osteichthyan paleofaunas of the Cretaceous (late Maastrichtian) Fox Hills Formation of North Dakota, USA: paleoecology, paleogeography, and extinction. Bulletins of American Paleontology, No. 398: 1-94. |journal=Bulletins of American Paleontology |volume=398 |doi=10.32857/bap.2019.398}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Chondrichthyes}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q796580}}

⚫
[[Category:Myliobatiformes| ]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Leonard Compagno]]

Latest revision as of 03:19, 15 May 2024

Myliobatiformes
Temporal range: Early Cretaceous to recent[1]
Short-tail stingray, Dasyatis brevicaudata
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes
Subclass: Elasmobranchii
Superorder: Batoidea
Order: Myliobatiformes
Compagno, 1973
Type species
Myliobatis aquila
Suborders

See text for families.

Camouflaged porcupine ray

Myliobatiformes (/mɪliˈɒbətɪfɔːrmiːz/) is one of the four orders of batoids, cartilaginous fishes related to sharks.[5][6] They were formerly included in the order Rajiformes, but more recent phylogenetic studies have shown the myliobatiforms to be a monophyletic group, and its more derived members evolved their highly flattened shapes independently of the skates.[7][8]

Classification[edit]

Nelson's Fishes of the World arranges the Myliobatiformes as:[9][10]

  1. ^ a b Genetic evidence now places Zanobatidae in Rhinopristiformes[2][3] or as sister taxon to Rhinopristiformes.[4]
  2. ^ a b Recognised as family by some authorities[11]

The family Aetobatidae is recognised by some authorities. It contains the genus Aetobatus, which is otherwise part of Myliobatinae. [12][11]

The families Myliobatidae and Rhombodontidae are sometimes grouped in their own superfamily, Myliobatoidea.[13]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Marmi, Josep; Vila #, Bernat; Oms, Oriol; Galobart, Àngel; Cappetta, Henri (2010-05-18). "Oldest records of stingray spines (Chondrichthyes, Myliobatiformes)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 30 (3): 970–974. doi:10.1080/02724631003758011. ISSN 0272-4634.
  2. ^ Naylor, G.J.P.; Caira, J.N.; Jensen, K.; Rosana, K.A.M.; Straube, N.; Lakner, C. (2012). "Elasmobranch Phylogeny: A Mitochondrial Estimate Based on 595 Species". In Carrier, J.C.; Musick, J.A.; Heithaus, M.R. (eds.). Biology of Sharks and Their Relatives (2 ed.). CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida. pp. 31–56.
  3. ^ Aschliman; Nishida; Miya; Inoue; Rosana; Naylord (2012). "Body plan convergence in the evolution of skates and rays (Chondrichthyes: Batoidea)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 63 (1): 28–42. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2011.12.012. PMID 22209858.
  4. ^ Last, P.R.; Séret, B.; Naylor, G.J.P. (2016). "A new species of guitarfish, Rhinobatos borneensis sp. nov. with a redefinition of the family-level classification in the order Rhinopristiformes (Chondrichthyes: Batoidea)". Zootaxa. 4117 (4): 451–475. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4117.4.1. PMID 27395187.
  5. ^ Froese, R.; Pauly, D. "Myliobatiformes". WoRMS. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
  6. ^ "Order Summary for Myliobatiformes". FishBase. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
  7. ^ Nelson, J.S. (2006). Fishes of the World (fourth ed.). John Wiley. pp. 69–82. ISBN 0-471-25031-7.
  8. ^ Martin, R. Aidan. "Myliobatiformes: Stingrays". ReefQuest Centre for Shark Research. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
  9. ^ Nelson, J. S. (2006). Fishes of the World (4 ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-471-25031-9.
  10. ^ Nelson, Joseph S.; Grande, Terry C.; Wilson, Mark V. H. (2016). "Division Batomorphi—rays". Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Hoboken: John Wiley and Sons. pp. 80–95. doi:10.1002/9781119174844. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6.
  11. ^ a b Naylor, GJP; Yang, L; Corrigan, S; de Carvalho, MR (2016). "Phylogeny and Classification of Rays". In Last, Peter; Naylor, Gavin; Séret, Bernard; White, William; de Carvalho, Marcelo; Stehmann, Matthias (eds.). Rays of the World. Csiro Publishing. pp. 10–15. ISBN 9780643109148.
  12. ^ White, William T.; Naylor, Gavin J.P. (2016). "Resurrection of the family Aetobatidae (Myliobatiformes) for the pelagic eagle rays, genus Aetobatus". Zootaxa. 4139 (3): 435–438. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4139.3.10. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 27470816.
  13. ^ Hoganson, John; Erickson, J. Mark; Holland, F. D. "Chondrichthyan and osteichthyan paleofaunas of the Cretaceous (late Maastrichtian) Fox Hills Formation of North Dakota, USA: paleoecology, paleogeography, and extinction. Bulletins of American Paleontology, No. 398: 1-94". Bulletins of American Paleontology. 398. doi:10.32857/bap.2019.398.
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