Metriorhynchoidea: Difference between revisions

Metriorhynchoids; Temporal range: Early Jurassic-Early Cretaceous, Toarcian–Aptian PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
	Restoration of Teleidosaurus calvadosii
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Clade:	Archosauria
Clade:	Pseudosuchia
Clade:	Crocodylomorpha
Clade:	Crocodyliformes
Suborder:	†Thalattosuchia
Parvorder:	†Neothalattosuchia
Superfamily:	†Metriorhynchoidea; Fitzinger, 1843
Subgroups
	†Eoneustes; †Magyarosuchus; †Opisuchus; †Pelagosaurus?; †Teleidosaurus; Euthalattosuchia †Zoneait; †Metriorhynchidae; ;

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Metriorhynchoidea is an extinct superfamily of thalattosuchian crocodyliforms from the Early Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous (Toarcian^[2] - Valanginian, possibly as late as early Aptian^[3]) of Europe, North America and South America. Metriorhynchids are fully aquatic crocodyliforms.^[4]^[5] Named by Fitzinger, in 1843, it contains the basal taxa like Teleidosaurus, Zoneait and Eoneustes and the family Metriorhynchidae. An unnamed taxon is known from Chile.^[6]

Phylogeny[edit]

Metriorhynchoidea is a stem-based taxon defined in 2009 as the most inclusive clade consisting of Metriorhynchus geoffroyii, but not Teleosaurus cadomensis.^[6] The cladogram below follows the topology from a 2011 analysis by Andrea Cau and Federico Fanti.^[4] Note that the same topology was obtained in Mark T. Young and Marco Brandalise de Andrade, 2009 and Mark T. Young, Stephen L. Brusatte, Marcello Ruta and Marco Brandalise de Andrade, 2010.^[5]^[6]

Metriorhynchoidea

Teleidosaurus calvadosii

	Eoneustes bathonicus

	Eoneustes gaudryi

Metriorhynchoidea indet.

Zoneait

Metriorhynchidae

	Geosaurinae

	Metriorhynchinae

References[edit]

^ Young, Mark T.; Wilberg, Eric W.; Johnson, Michela M.; Herrera, Yanina; De Andrade, Marco Brandalise; Brignon, Arnaud; Sachs, Sven; Abel, Pascal; Foffa, Davide; Fernández, Marta S.; Vignaud, Patrick; Cowgill, Thomas; Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024). "The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165.
^ Attila Ősi; Mark T. Young; András Galácz; Márton Rabi (2018). "A new large-bodied thalattosuchian crocodyliform from the Lower Jurassic (Toarcian) of Hungary, with further evidence of the mosaic acquisition of marine adaptations in Metriorhynchoidea". PeerJ. 6: e4668. doi:10.7717/peerj.4668. PMC 5949208. PMID 29761038.
^ Alfio A. Chiarenza; Davide Foffa; Mark T. Young; Gianni Insacco; Andrea Cau; Giorgio Carnevale; Rita Catanzariti (2015). "The youngest record of metriorhynchid crocodylomorphs, with implications for the extinction of Thalattosuchia". Cretaceous Research. 56: 608–616. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2015.07.001. hdl:2318/1537833.
^ ^a ^b Andrea Cau; Federico Fanti (2011). "The oldest known metriorhynchid crocodylian from the Middle Jurassic of North-eastern Italy: Neptunidraco ammoniticus gen. et sp. nov". Gondwana Research. 19 (2): 550–565. Bibcode:2011GondR..19..550C. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2010.07.007.
^ ^a ^b Mark T. Young; Stephen L. Brusatte; Marcello Ruta; Marco Brandalise de Andrade (2010). "The evolution of Metriorhynchoidea (Mesoeucrocodylia, Thalattosuchia): an integrated approach using geometrics morphometrics, analysis of disparity and biomechanics". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 158 (4): 801–859. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00571.x.
^ ^a ^b ^c Mark T. Young & Marco Brandalise de Andrade (2009). "What is Geosaurus? Redescription of Geosaurus giganteus (Thalattosuchia: Metriorhynchidae) from the Upper Jurassic of Bayern, Germany". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 157 (3): 551–585. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00536.x.

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[Youngetal2024-1] Young, Mark T.; Wilberg, Eric W.; Johnson, Michela M.; Herrera, Yanina; De Andrade, Marco Brandalise; Brignon, Arnaud; Sachs, Sven; Abel, Pascal; Foffa, Davide; Fernández, Marta S.; Vignaud, Patrick; Cowgill, Thomas; Brusatte, Stephen L. (2024). "The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165.

[2] Attila Ősi; Mark T. Young; András Galácz; Márton Rabi (2018). "A new large-bodied thalattosuchian crocodyliform from the Lower Jurassic (Toarcian) of Hungary, with further evidence of the mosaic acquisition of marine adaptations in Metriorhynchoidea". PeerJ. 6: e4668. doi:10.7717/peerj.4668. PMC 5949208. PMID 29761038.

[3] Alfio A. Chiarenza; Davide Foffa; Mark T. Young; Gianni Insacco; Andrea Cau; Giorgio Carnevale; Rita Catanzariti (2015). "The youngest record of metriorhynchid crocodylomorphs, with implications for the extinction of Thalattosuchia". Cretaceous Research. 56: 608–616. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2015.07.001. hdl:2318/1537833.

[Neptunidraco-4] Andrea Cau; Federico Fanti (2011). "The oldest known metriorhynchid crocodylian from the Middle Jurassic of North-eastern Italy: Neptunidraco ammoniticus gen. et sp. nov". Gondwana Research. 19 (2): 550–565. Bibcode:2011GondR..19..550C. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2010.07.007.

[Youngetal10-5] Mark T. Young; Stephen L. Brusatte; Marcello Ruta; Marco Brandalise de Andrade (2010). "The evolution of Metriorhynchoidea (Mesoeucrocodylia, Thalattosuchia): an integrated approach using geometrics morphometrics, analysis of disparity and biomechanics". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 158 (4): 801–859. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00571.x.

[YoungAndrade09-6] Mark T. Young & Marco Brandalise de Andrade (2009). "What is Geosaurus? Redescription of Geosaurus giganteus (Thalattosuchia: Metriorhynchidae) from the Upper Jurassic of Bayern, Germany". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 157 (3): 551–585. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00536.x.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Extinct superfamily of reptiles}}
 {{Automatic taxobox
-| name = Metriorhynchoidea
+| name = Metriorhynchoids
-| fossil_range = [[Middle Jurassic]]-[[Early Cretaceous]], {{fossil_range|173|135}}
+| fossil_range = [[Early Jurassic]]-[[Early Cretaceous]], {{fossil_range|Toarcian|Aptian}}
 | image = Teleidosaurus_BW.jpg
-| image_width = 250px
 | image_caption = Restoration of ''Teleidosaurus calvadosii''
+| taxon = Metriorhynchoidea
 | authority = [[Leopold Fitzinger|Fitzinger]], [[1843 in paleontology|1843]]
 | subdivision_ranks = Subgroups
+| subdivision = *{{extinct}}''[[Eoneustes]]''
-| display_children = 1
+*{{extinct}}''[[Magyarosuchus]]''
+*{{extinct}}''[[Opisuchus]]''
+*{{extinct}}''[[Pelagosaurus]]''?
+*{{extinct}}''[[Teleidosaurus]]''
+*'''Euthalattosuchia'''<ref name=Youngetal2024>{{cite journal |doi=10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad165 |title=The history, systematics, and nomenclature of Thalattosuchia (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha) |date=2024 |last1=Young |first1=Mark T. |last2=Wilberg |first2=Eric W. |last3=Johnson |first3=Michela M. |last4=Herrera |first4=Yanina |last5=De Andrade |first5=Marco Brandalise |last6=Brignon |first6=Arnaud |last7=Sachs |first7=Sven |last8=Abel |first8=Pascal |last9=Foffa |first9=Davide |last10=Fernández |first10=Marta S. |last11=Vignaud |first11=Patrick |last12=Cowgill |first12=Thomas |last13=Brusatte |first13=Stephen L. |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society }}</ref>
+**{{extinct}}''[[Zoneait]]''
+**{{extinct}}[[Metriorhynchidae]]
 }}
-'''Metriorhynchoidea''' is an [[extinct]] [[superfamily (biology)|superfamily]] of [[thalattosuchia]]n [[crocodyliform]]s from the early [[Middle Jurassic]] to the [[Early Cretaceous]] ([[Aalenian]] - [[Valanginian]]) of [[Europe]], [[North America]] and [[South America]]. Metriorhynchids are fully aquatic [[crocodyliform]]s.<ref name=Neptunidraco>{{cite journal|authors=Andrea Cau; Federico Fanti |year=2011 |title=The oldest known metriorhynchid crocodylian from the Middle Jurassic of North-eastern Italy: ''Neptunidraco ammoniticus'' gen. et sp. nov. |url= |journal=Gondwana Research |volume=19 |issue=2 |pages=550–565 |doi=10.1016/j.gr.2010.07.007}}</ref><ref name=Youngetal10>{{cite journal|authors=Mark T. Young, Stephen L. Brusatte, Marcello Ruta and Marco Brandalise de Andrade |year=2010 |title=The evolution of Metriorhynchoidea (Mesoeucrocodylia, Thalattosuchia): an integrated approach using geometrics morphometrics, analysis of disparity and biomechanics |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |issue=4 |volume=158 |pages=801-859 |doi=10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00571.x }}</ref> Named by [[Leopold Fitzinger|Fitzinger]], in 1843, it contains the basal taxa like ''[[Teleidosaurus]]'' and ''[[Eoneustes]]'' and the family [[Metriorhynchidae]]. Two unnamed taxa are also known, from [[Oregon]] and [[Chile]].<ref name=YoungAndrade09>{{cite journal|authors=Mark T. Young and Marco Brandalise de Andrade |year=2009 |title=What is ''Geosaurus''? Redescription of ''Geosaurus giganteus'' (Thalattosuchia: Metriorhynchidae) from the Upper Jurassic of Bayern, Germany |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=157 |issue=3 |pages=551-585 |doi=10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00536.x }}</ref>
+'''Metriorhynchoidea''' is an [[extinct]] [[superfamily (biology)|superfamily]] of [[thalattosuchia]]n [[crocodyliform]]s from the [[Early Jurassic]] to the [[Early Cretaceous]] ([[Toarcian]]<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Attila Ősi |author2=Mark T. Young |author3=András Galácz |author4=Márton Rabi |year=2018 |title=A new large-bodied thalattosuchian crocodyliform from the Lower Jurassic (Toarcian) of Hungary, with further evidence of the mosaic acquisition of marine adaptations in Metriorhynchoidea |journal=PeerJ |volume=6 |pages=e4668 |doi=10.7717/peerj.4668 |pmid=29761038 |pmc=5949208 |doi-access=free }}</ref> - [[Valanginian]], possibly as late as early [[Aptian]]<ref>{{cite journal|author=Alfio A. Chiarenza |author2=Davide Foffa |author3=Mark T. Young |author4=Gianni Insacco |author5=Andrea Cau |author6=Giorgio Carnevale |author7=Rita Catanzariti |year=2015 |title=The youngest record of metriorhynchid crocodylomorphs, with implications for the extinction of Thalattosuchia |journal=Cretaceous Research |volume=56 |pages=608–616 |doi=10.1016/j.cretres.2015.07.001 |hdl=2318/1537833 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>) of [[Europe]], [[North America]] and [[South America]]. Metriorhynchids are fully aquatic [[crocodyliform]]s.<ref name=Neptunidraco>{{cite journal |year=2011 |title=The oldest known metriorhynchid crocodylian from the Middle Jurassic of North-eastern Italy: ''Neptunidraco ammoniticus'' gen. et sp. nov |journal=Gondwana Research |volume=19 |issue=2 |pages=550–565 |doi=10.1016/j.gr.2010.07.007|author1=Andrea Cau |author2=Federico Fanti |bibcode=2011GondR..19..550C }}</ref><ref name=Youngetal10>{{cite journal |year=2010 |title=The evolution of Metriorhynchoidea (Mesoeucrocodylia, Thalattosuchia): an integrated approach using geometrics morphometrics, analysis of disparity and biomechanics |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |issue=4 |volume=158 |pages=801–859 |doi=10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00571.x|author1=Mark T. Young |author2=Stephen L. Brusatte |author3=Marcello Ruta |author4=Marco Brandalise de Andrade |doi-access= }}</ref> Named by [[Leopold Fitzinger|Fitzinger]], in 1843, it contains the basal taxa like ''[[Teleidosaurus]]'', ''[[Zoneait]]'' and ''[[Eoneustes]]'' and the family [[Metriorhynchidae]]. An unnamed taxon is known from [[Chile]].<ref name=YoungAndrade09>{{cite journal |year=2009 |title=What is ''Geosaurus''? Redescription of ''Geosaurus giganteus'' (Thalattosuchia: Metriorhynchidae) from the Upper Jurassic of Bayern, Germany |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=157 |issue=3 |pages=551–585 |doi=10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00536.x|author1=Mark T. Young  |author2=Marco Brandalise de Andrade  |name-list-style=amp |doi-access=free }}</ref>
 == Phylogeny ==
-Metriorhynchoidea is a [[stem-based taxon]] defined in 2009 as the most inclusive clade consisting of ''[[Metriorhynchus geoffroyii]]'', but not ''[[Teleosaurus cadomensis]]''.<ref name=YoungAndrade09/> The [[cladogram]] below follows the topology from a 2011 analysis by Andrea Cau and Federico Fanti.<ref name=Neptunidraco/> Note that the same topology was obtained in Mark T. Young and Marco Brandalise de Andrade, 2009 and Mark T. Young, Stephen L. Brusatte, Marcello Ruta and Marco Brandalise de Andrade, 2010.<ref name=YoungAndrade09/><ref name=Youngetal10/>
+Metriorhynchoidea is a [[stem-based taxon]] defined in 2009 as the most inclusive clade consisting of ''[[Metriorhynchus geoffroyii]]'', but not ''[[Teleosaurus cadomensis]]''.<ref name=YoungAndrade09/> The [[cladogram]] below follows the topology from a 2011 analysis by Andrea Cau and Federico Fanti.<ref name=Neptunidraco/> Note that the same topology was obtained in Mark T. Young and Marco Brandalise de Andrade, 2009 and Mark T. Young, Stephen L. Brusatte, Marcello Ruta and Marco Brandalise de Andrade, 2010.<ref name=Youngetal10/><ref name=YoungAndrade09/>
 {{clade| style=font-size:100%;line-height:85%
@@ Line 26: / Line 34: @@
          |1=Metriorhynchoidea indet.
          |2={{clade
-            |1=Oregon crocodile
+            |1=[[Zoneait]]
             |2={{clade
                |label1=&nbsp;[[Metriorhynchidae]]&nbsp;
                |1={{clade
-                  |1='''[[Geosaurinae]]'''
+                  |1=[[Geosaurinae]]
-                  |2='''[[Metriorhynchinae]]''' }} }} }} }} }} }} }}
+                  |2=[[Metriorhynchinae]]}} }} }} }} }} }} }}
 ==References==
@@ Line 38: / Line 46: @@
 {{Mesoeucrocodylia}}
 {{Thalattosuchia}}
+{{Taxonbar|from=Q6824394}}
-[[Category:Jurassic crocodylomorpha]]
+[[Category:Middle Jurassic crocodylomorphs]]
-[[Category:Cretaceous crocodylomorpha]]
+[[Category:Early Cretaceous crocodylomorphs]]
-[[Category:Marine crocodiles]]
+[[Category:Vertebrate superfamilies]]
+[[Category:Prehistoric marine crocodylomorphs]]
+[[Category:Late Jurassic crocodylomorphs]]
+[[Category:Early Jurassic first appearances]]
+[[Category:Early Cretaceous extinctions]]
+[[Category:Thalattosuchians]]
 {{paleo-archosaur-stub}}
-[[es:Metriorhynchoidea]]

v t e Major groups within Mesoeucrocodylia
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Sauropsida Superorder: Crocodylomorpha
Notosuchia	Baurusuchidae Chimaerasuchidae Notosuchidae Sphagesauridae Uruguaysuchidae Libycosuchus
Sebecia	Peirosauridae Itasuchidae Sebecidae
Neosuchia	Atoposauridae Dyrosauridae Goniopholididae Paralligatoridae Pholidosauridae Thalattosuchia
Related articles	"Mesosuchia" Crocodilia
Related categories	Marine crocodylomorphs Terrestrial crocodylomorphs Jurassic crocodylomorphs