Samanhudi: Difference between revisions
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Born in [[Lawiyan]], Solo (Surakarta) as '''Soedarno Nadi''', he was educated until SR (''Sekolah Rakyat'') but he didn't graduate. After that he learned Islam in [[Surabaya]]. At the same time he traded batik. |
Born in [[Lawiyan]], Solo (Surakarta) as '''Soedarno Nadi''', he was educated until SR (''Sekolah Rakyat'') but he didn't graduate. After that he learned Islam in [[Surabaya]]. At the same time he traded batik. |
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Samanhoedi founded Sarekat Dagang Islam, or Islamic Trade Union in 1911. The Union consists of batik entrepreneurs in East and Central Java to protect their business from Chinese competition. The members of the organization were unified by a common religion, Islam, albeit one with many influences from mysticism and local traditions. Samanhoedi remained as its chairman until 1914, two years after [[Tjokroaminoto]] transformed the organization into a political one. |
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Around 1911 there was an unhealthy competition between Indonesian traders and [[Chinese Indonesians|Chinese]] traders. Indonesian traders were oppressed by Dutch geovernment, while Chinese traders were helped. Hence Indonesian traders couldn't expand. Seeing this imbalanced condition, Samanhoedi made an effort to arrange strength in trade and religion. In 1911, he established ''[[Sarekat Dagang Islam]]'' in Solo. This organization's aim was to defend Indonesian traders' interest. |
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SDI's birth was answered extraordinarily. In the short time ith branches were founded in outer Solo. The Dutch government was shocked to see this development. After that, SDI was promoted to political party. On 10 September 1912, SDI was changed to SI (''[[Sarekat Islam]]''; Islamic Union). H. Samanhoedi was elected to be its chairman until 1914. After that, SDI was led by [[H.O.S. Tjokroaminoto]], and grew to be mass party. |
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Since 1920, H. Samanhoedi wasn't active in the party. His health was bad, but his interest to national movement never calmed down. For a long time his name never appeared. After Indonesia's independence, he was active again. To defend [[Republic of Indonesia]] facing Dutch aggression, Samanhoedi formed Solo Branch of Indonesian Rebel Front (''Barisan Pemberontak Indonesia Cabang Solo'') and Pancasila Union Branch (''Cabang Persatuan Pancasila''). When [[the Netherlands]] launched [[Clash II]], he formed an army named Hawk Union Movement (''Gerakan Kesatuan Alap-alap''). That army was assigned to provide equipments mainly foods for army union fighting in the front line. There were many services he gave when [[Indonesian National Revolution]] took place. |
Since 1920, H. Samanhoedi wasn't active in the party. His health was bad, but his interest to national movement never calmed down. For a long time his name never appeared. After Indonesia's independence, he was active again. To defend [[Republic of Indonesia]] facing Dutch aggression, Samanhoedi formed Solo Branch of Indonesian Rebel Front (''Barisan Pemberontak Indonesia Cabang Solo'') and Pancasila Union Branch (''Cabang Persatuan Pancasila''). When [[the Netherlands]] launched [[Clash II]], he formed an army named Hawk Union Movement (''Gerakan Kesatuan Alap-alap''). That army was assigned to provide equipments mainly foods for army union fighting in the front line. There were many services he gave when [[Indonesian National Revolution]] took place. |
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==References== |
==References== |
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* -Blumberger, J.Th.Petrus. (1931). De Nationalistische Beweging in Nederlandsch-Indië. Haarlem: H.D. Tjeenk Willink & Zoon N.V. |
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* -.1999. ''Album Pahlawan Bangsa''. [[Jakarta]]: Mutiara Sumber Widya. |
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* -McVey, Ruth T. (1963). ed. Indonesia. New Haven: Human Relations Area Files, Inc. |
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{{National Heroes of Indonesia}} |
{{National Heroes of Indonesia}} |
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Revision as of 15:17, 4 July 2014
Hadji Samanhoedi (1868 – 28 December 1956) was founder of Sarekat Dagang Islam, a mass organization in Indonesia that was previously an association for batik traders in Surakarta.
Born in Lawiyan, Solo (Surakarta) as Soedarno Nadi, he was educated until SR (Sekolah Rakyat) but he didn't graduate. After that he learned Islam in Surabaya. At the same time he traded batik.
Samanhoedi founded Sarekat Dagang Islam, or Islamic Trade Union in 1911. The Union consists of batik entrepreneurs in East and Central Java to protect their business from Chinese competition. The members of the organization were unified by a common religion, Islam, albeit one with many influences from mysticism and local traditions. Samanhoedi remained as its chairman until 1914, two years after Tjokroaminoto transformed the organization into a political one.
Since 1920, H. Samanhoedi wasn't active in the party. His health was bad, but his interest to national movement never calmed down. For a long time his name never appeared. After Indonesia's independence, he was active again. To defend Republic of Indonesia facing Dutch aggression, Samanhoedi formed Solo Branch of Indonesian Rebel Front (Barisan Pemberontak Indonesia Cabang Solo) and Pancasila Union Branch (Cabang Persatuan Pancasila). When the Netherlands launched Clash II, he formed an army named Hawk Union Movement (Gerakan Kesatuan Alap-alap). That army was assigned to provide equipments mainly foods for army union fighting in the front line. There were many services he gave when Indonesian National Revolution took place.
He died in Klaten (28 December 1956) and was buried in Banaran, Grogol, Sukoharjo.
References
- -Blumberger, J.Th.Petrus. (1931). De Nationalistische Beweging in Nederlandsch-Indië. Haarlem: H.D. Tjeenk Willink & Zoon N.V.
- -McVey, Ruth T. (1963). ed. Indonesia. New Haven: Human Relations Area Files, Inc.