Æthelwald (Deira)

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England at the time of Æthelwald

Æthelwald (also Œthelwald, Oidiluald, Æþelwald, Æðelwald, Æthelweald, Æthelwold, Aethelwald, Ethelwald ) was from 651 to 655 sub-king of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Deira .

Life

Æthelwald was a son of King Oswald of Northumbria. His mother was probably an Irish woman with whom Oswald lived during his exile (616–634).

His uncle, King Oswiu of Bernicia, wanted to annex Deira in 651. At Uilfarasdun the armies faced each other when the Deirian king Oswine recognized the enemy superiority and dissolved his army. Oswine sought refuge with one of his followers in Ingethlingum (Gilling in the Ryedale district ). But he betrayed him to Oswiu, who had Oswine murdered on August 20, 651. Oswius' ambitious plan did not work, because rule over Deira first went to his nephew Æthelwald, who initially ruled as his under-king, but soon tried to make himself independent , probably supported by Penda , the king of Mercia . Despite his alliance with the pagan Penda, Æthelwald is considered an exemplary Christian ruler. Cælin was the court chaplain at his court. Around 654 he made land available to his brothers for the construction of a monastery. Cedd , Chad and Cynebill founded the Northumbrian monastery of Læstingaeu (Lastingham, Yorkshire ), which Cedd led as abbot in addition to his bishopric in Essex. Æthelwald often came to prayer in this monastery and is said to have expressed the wish to be buried there.

In alliance with Penda, Æthelhere of East Anglia and the Welsh King Cadfael ap Cynfeddw of Gwynedd , Æthelwald advanced in 655 in a campaign against Oswiu and initially pushed him back to Scotland. Oswiu promised high tribute payments if Penda left the country, but he refused. Oswiu and his son Ealhfrith opposed Penda with significantly fewer troops. Æthelwald and Cadfael apparently left the army before the decisive battle of Winwaed near Loidis ( Leeds ) on November 15th. Penda and Æthelhere fell in battle. Presumably Æthelwald wanted to win back Oswius' favor with this maneuver, but the latter apparently deposed him and installed his son Ealhfrith as Æthelwald's successor. Æthelwald then disappeared from the springs; his further fate is unknown.

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literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Simon Keynes: Kings of the Northumbrians . In: Lapidge et al. (Ed.): The Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Anglo-Saxon England . Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford et al. a. 2001, ISBN 978-0-6312-2492-1 , pp. 502-505.
  2. ^ Michelle Ziegler: The Politics of Exile in Early Northumbria. In: The Heroic Age. Issue 2, autumn / winter 1999.
  3. ↑ Bede: HE 3,14
  4. ^ Karl Schnith:  Oswin von Deira. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 6, Bautz, Herzberg 1993, ISBN 3-88309-044-1 , Sp. 1331-1332.  ( Article / beginning of article in Internet archive )
  5. ^ A b Barbara Yorke: Kings and Kingdoms of early Anglo-Saxon England . Routledge, London-New York 2002, ISBN 978-0-415-16639-3 , pp. 78-80.
  6. ↑ Beda: HE 3.23
  7. ^ A b Richard Hoggett: The Archeology of the East Anglian Conversion (Anglo-Saxon Studies). Boydell & Brewer, 2010, ISBN 978-1-84383-595-0 , p. 33.
  8. ↑ Beda: HE 3.24
predecessor Office successor
Oswine King of Deira
651–655 		Ealhfrith
personal data
SURNAME Æthelwald
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Œthelwald; Oidiluald; Æþelwald; Æðelwald; Æthelweald; Æthelwold; Aethelwald; Ethelwald
BRIEF DESCRIPTION King of the Anglo-Saxon Kingdom of Deira
DATE OF BIRTH before 651
DATE OF DEATH after 655