ar-Raʿi

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الراعي / ar-Raʿī
Tschobān Bāyk / Çobanbey  /جوبان باي
al-Ra'i
al-Ra'i (Syria)
al-Ra'i
al-Ra'i
Coordinates 36 ° 37 ′  N , 37 ° 27 ′  E Coordinates: 36 ° 37 ′  N , 37 ° 27 ′  E
Basic data
Country Syria

Governorate

Aleppo
ISO 3166-2 SY-HL
height 496 m
Residents 4609 (2004)
Çobanbey (Al-Rai) Counci

Ar-Raʿi ( Arabic الراعي ar-Raʿī  'The Shepherd') formerly Tschobān Bāyk ( Turkish Çobanbey ,جوبان باي) is a small Syrian city near the Turkish border in Aleppo Governorate .

With 4609 inhabitants (as of 2004) ar-Raʿi is the capital of the sub-district of the same name ar-Raʿi. Its location on the Baghdad Railway and its proximity to the Turkish border across from Elbeyli give the place strategic importance. The city and the surrounding area are mainly inhabited by Turkmen . Nearby places are Qantarah (5 km west) and Akhtarin (15 km southwest). Larger cities in the area are Azaz, 35 km away, in the west, and Jarabulus and Manbij , both around 45 km in the east.

railroad

Al-Rai is located on a plain on the Baghdad Railway, which was built between 1903 and 1940 in the Ottoman Empire and its successor states and was supposed to connect Istanbul with Baghdad. After the fall of the Ottoman Empire, the Syrian-Turkish border was determined using the Baghdad Railway. Since al-Rai was south of the railway line, it fell to Syria. The rail border crossing at al-Rai was closed between 1981 and 2009, but was then opened on December 22, 2009 after the line between al-Rai and Aleppo was renewed. Transport ministers of Turkey and Syria, Binali Yıldırım and Yarob Suleyman, were present at the ceremony.

history

When the civil war broke out in Syria in 2011 , the Free Syrian Army (FSA) conquered the site and lost it to the terrorist Islamic State (IS) in February 2014 after fighting . Since then, IS has viewed al-Rai as an important base in the rural part of Aleppo. In the course of a major offensive by the FSA from March 2016, the city switched frequently between FSA and IS (April 2016, June 2016 and August 2016) On August 24, 2016, the Turkish military offensive in northern Syria began under the name of the Euphrates shield in cooperation with the FSA . A few days later the FSA was finally able to take ar-Raʿi with the help of the Turkish army.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Günümüzde Suriye Türkmenleri - Suriye'de Değişimin Ortaya Çıkardığı Toplum: Suriye Türkmenleri. ORSAM Rapor № 83. ORSAM - Ortadoğu Türkmenleri Programı Rapor № 14. Ankara - November 2011.
  2. ↑ Census 2004 ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Arabic). @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.cbssyr.sy
  3. ↑ Michael Izady: Syria: Ethnic Composition (summary). In: columbia.edu. University of Columbia, accessed September 15, 2016 .
  4. ↑ Turkey / Syria: the 3rd Railway Border Gate has opened. 167. In: UIC eNews. International Union of Railways , January 11, 2010, accessed August 28, 2016 .
  5. ^ Charles R. Lister: The Syrian Jihad: Al-Qaeda, the Islamic State and the Evolution of an Insurgency . Oxford University Press , 2015, ISBN 978-0-19-046247-5 , pp. 203 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  6. ^ Turkish military hits Daesh position in Syria. In: Yeni Şafak . April 11, 2016. Retrieved August 28, 2016 .
  7. ^ Fiona Keating: Isis recaptures Syrian border town al-Rai after defeat in Jarablus by Turkish-backed rebels. International Business Times, August 27, 2016, accessed August 28, 2016 .
  8. ↑ Izat Charkatli: ISIS recaptures Al-Rai following massive attack. Al-Masdar News, August 27, 2016, accessed August 28, 2016 (American English).
  9. ↑ Ozdal Umit: Turkish tanks roll into Syria, opening new line of attack. Reuters, September 4, 2016, accessed October 3, 2016 .
  10. ^ Syrian rebels advance on symbolic IS-held town of Dabiq. BBC News, October 3, 2016, accessed October 3, 2016 (UK English).