Üç Şerefeli Mosque
The Üç-Şerefeli Mosque ( Turkish Üç Şerefeli Cami , three-balcony mosque ' ) is a 15th century mosque in Edirne , Turkey, and a monumental building of early Ottoman architecture .
architecture
The Üç-Şerefeli-Mosque was built between 1437/8 and 1447 under the Ottoman Sultan Murad II in the then capital Edirne . Muslihuddin is named as the responsible architect. It is located in the historic city center near the Old Mosque ( Eski Cami ) and the Selimiye Mosque . Its name is derived from the minaret with three balconies ( üç şerefeli ), which was unusual for the time . The building is made of limestone from the Burgas region . Its floor plan measures 62 × 64 m. The mosque has four minarets, the highest is 67 m high. The central dome measures 24 m in diameter. It rests on arches arranged in a hexagon, which in turn are supported by the front and rear walls as well as by two massive hexagonal pillars. Side parts of the building are covered by smaller domes. the mosque has an inner courtyard surrounded by arcades ( Sahn ). 1732 damaged a fire building, 1748 an earthquake, the mosque was on the orders of Sultan Mahmud I. rebuilt.
The gables above the windows are decorated with blue and turquoise glazed tiles, the design of which is similar to that of the Green Mosque in Bursa . The tile decoration there is signed “Work of the Masters from Tabriz ” (ʿamal-i ustadan-i Tabriz) . The arabesques of the tile decorations are similar to those in the Muradiye Mosque in Edirne, which was also built by Murad II a little earlier. According to Anhegger, the construction plan of the Üç-Şerefeli Mosque is a further development of the older main mosque (Ulu Cami) of Manisa .
meaning
Nikolaus Pevsner assigns the Üç-Şerefeli Mosque in Ottoman architecture a similar architectural significance to that assigned to the choir of the cathedral of Saint-Denis in Paris in Europe . With a diameter of 24 m, the central dome is the largest dome structure since the establishment of Hagia Sophia in the 7th century under Emperor Justinian I of Byzantium . However, their proportions still seem heavy and burdensome compared to those of Sinan's later mosques , as if the architect had not yet dared to place such a large dome on a higher substructure. Its inner arcaded courtyard is the first of its kind in Ottoman architecture. Completed just a few years before the fall of Constantinople in 1453, it illustrates the power of the Ottoman Empire at that time.
Views
inner space
inner space
Central dome
patio
See also
Web links
- Üç Serefeli Mosque , on Archnet
Individual evidence
- ^ N. Çiçek Akçıl: Üç Şerefeli Cami ve Külliyesi. In: Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi. Vol. 42, Istanbul 2012, pp. 277–280, here: p. 277 ( PDF file; 5.1 MB ).
- ^ A b Machiel Kiel : Ottoman Expansion into the Balkans . In: Kate Fleet (Ed.): The Cambridge History of Turkey . tape 1 . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK 2009, ISBN 978-0-521-62093-2 , pp. 181-182 (English).
- ^ A b Godfrey Goodwin: A History of Ottoman Architecture . Thames and Hudson, London 1971, ISBN 0-500-27429-0 , pp. 97-98 (English).
- ^ John Carswell: Iznik Pottery . British Museum Press, London 2006, ISBN 978-0-7141-2441-4 , pp. 16, 24–25, Fig. 9 (English).
- ^ Robert Anhegger: Contributions to Ottoman building history II: The Üç Şerefeli Cami in Edirne and the Ulu Cami in Manisa. In: Istanbul communications. Book VIII, 1958, pp. 40-56.