Holdover
About container (in Switzerland on stand called) are individual mature trees whose crown is significantly higher than it collects surrounding woody vegetation.
forestry
About container trees are called on regeneration areas in the forest or in the " on-the-floor-set " in hedgerows are allowed to stand. The distance in the bend is about 20 to 50 meters.
In areas of northern Germany with little forest, the overhangs in the bend were used specifically for cutting timber for long posts in half-timbered houses ( hall houses ).
In forestry , individual trees are left on the surface when they are driven down. On the one hand, the trees released from oppressors should continue to grow in order to gain in value, on the other hand they serve as protection for the regrowing young growth . If a forestry operation works predominantly with this type of regeneration , it is also referred to as a maintenance operation . This principle is also used in a Mittelwald culture.
ecology
In the ecological sense, overhangs (also emergent ) form the top layer of the crown in the storied structure of tropical rainforests , which, individually or in groups, tower over the main canopy of the forest, which is around 40 m high, by another 10 to 20 m.
Newly planted hoppers on a bend on Landesstrasse 127 in the Steinburg district
Stand in the forest of Zollikon
Overholding in the Amazon rainforest
literature
- Ernst Röhrig , Norbert Bartsch , Burghard von Lüpke , Alfred Dengler (founder): Silviculture on an ecological basis . 7th, fully updated edition. Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2006, 479 pages, ISBN 3-8252-8310-0 (UTB) or ISBN 3-8001-4595-2 (Ulmer)
- Hans Hausrath : History of German silviculture. From its beginnings to 1850 . Series of publications by the Institute for Forest Policy and Regional Planning at the University of Freiburg. Hochschulverlag, Freiburg im Breisgau 1982, ISBN 3-8107-6803-0
Individual evidence
- ↑ Georg Grabherr : Color Atlas of Ecosystems of the Earth. Ulmer, Stuttgart 1997, ISBN 3-8001-3489-6 . P. 52.