ČSD series 423.0
| ČSD series 423.0 DR series 93.15 MÁV series 460 |
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 423.001 in the Lužná u Rakovníka Railway Museum
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| Numbering: | ČSD 423.001 - 423.231 DR 93 1501 - 93 1552 MÁV 460 001–009 |
| Number: | 231 |
| Manufacturer: | PČM , Breitfeld & Danek , ČKD , Adamov, Škoda |
| Year of construction (s): | 1921-1946 |
| Retirement: | until 1980 |
| Axis formula : | 1 'D 1' h2t |
| Length over buffers: | 11,920 mm |
| Smallest bef. Radius: | 130 m |
| Service mass: | 001–030: 69.8 t 031–079: 70.8 t 080–092, 141–149, 161–170: 72.2 t 093–140, 171–231: 73.4 t 150–160: 71, 8 t |
| Wheel set mass : | 13.0 t |
| Top speed: | 50 km / h |
| Indexed performance : | 530 kW |
| Driving wheel diameter: | 1,150 mm |
| Cylinder diameter: | 480 mm |
| Piston stroke: | 570 mm |
| Boiler overpressure: | 13 bar |
| Grate area: | 2.1 m² |
| Superheater area : | 001-160: 35.2 m² 161-231: 33.8 m² |
| Evaporation heating surface: | 001-030, 141-149: 119.8 m² 031-106, 122-140: 122.6 m² 107-121: 118.2 m² 150-160: 106.2 m² 161-231: 105.4 m² |
| Water supply: | 001–170: 10 m³ 170–231: 11 m³ |
| Fuel supply: | 001–030: 3.5 m³ coal 031–092: 4.4 m³ coal 093–231: 5.0 m³ coal |
| Brake: | Westinghouse |
| Control: | Heusinger |
The ČSD class 423.0 was a universally usable tank locomotive of the former Czechoslovak State Railways (ČSD) for branch line traffic . Because of their performance, they were nicknamed Velký Býček ( German Big Bull ).
history
After 1918 there was a large variety of locomotives on the local railways in the newly founded Czechoslovakia , some of which came from the Imperial and Royal State Railways , but also from the many formerly independent local railway companies. Therefore a standardization and rejuvenation of the locomotive park was essential. The standard for the construction was the tried and tested, but technically outdated kkStB series 178 (ČSD series 422.0).
The company První českomoravská PČM ( First Bohemian-Moravian Machine Factory ) was commissioned in 1921 to build four tank locomotives with a 1'D 1 'wheel arrangement. The appearance of the new locomotive was based on the Va series of the Buschtěhrad Railway (ČSD series 524.0). Its name was first chosen according to the Vojtěch Kryšpín standards as the 423.0 series. As the locomotives proved their worth, a further 26 machines were put into service in 1926.
They were popular with the staff, mainly because of their steam engine and large cab.
After the Sudetenland was incorporated into Germany in October 1938, a total of 52 locomotives came to the Deutsche Reichsbahn , which were classified there as the 93.15 series.
After the Second World War , all the machines were returned to the ČSD's inventory. During the war, consideration was given to delivering a class 431.0, which was more suitable for branch lines. From 1946, another 61 locomotives with the designation 423.0171–231 were delivered by ČKD . As a successor, 60 units of the ČSD series 433.0 were built by ČKD in 1948 .
With the pre-war machines 423.086 in Břeclav and 423.041 in Ostrava , the last machines of this series were retired in 1980. The last machines from earlier deliveries disappeared from the tracks around 1978. Some machines have been preserved; the 423.009, 423.041 and 423.094 as operational museum locomotives, the 423.001 is in the Railway Museum Lužná u Rakovníka and the 423.0145 in the Railway Museum Jaroměř .
technical features
The first machines were supplied as wet steam machines and machines with superheated steam. A comparison of the two designs showed that the machine with superheater consumed 20% less coal and achieved a 20% higher speed with the same load. Therefore, from this point on, all machines in the series were delivered from the factory with superheaters. Characteristic for the machine was the smoke chamber with the round door and the cast-iron, round chimney, the cladding on the middle of the boiler with the steam dome, sandpit and later the dining dome underneath and the spacious driver's cab. The slides were later changed to those of the Trofimoff type .
The locomotives of the pre-war series had an indexed output of 552 kW, on the plain they carried a train of 1000 t at a speed of 50 km / h, on an incline of 10 ‰ 300 t at 40 km / h and on an incline of 20 ‰ 200 t at 30 km / h. The last two series had an output of 589 kW, they pulled on the level 1500 t with 40 km / h, on 5 ‰ 1000 t with 18 km / h, on 10 ‰ 500 t with 20 km / h and on 30 ‰ 150 t at 20 km / h.
commitment
After the Second World War, they were used for border traffic to reduce maintenance costs through lower loads. In this area of operation they stayed with the ČSD until the end of the steam locomotive. A total of nine locomotives came into the MÁV's inventory after the World War and were classified there as the 460.001-009 series . There is no information in the literature about the period of use and retirement.
See also
literature
- Hans von Polenz: The railway from the Spree to Bohemia. = Železnice or Sprévy do Čech. Ostsächsische Eisenbahnfreunde eV, Löbau 2002.
Web links
- Description of the 423.0 series (Czech)
- Renovation of the 423.0145. Archived from the original on July 30, 2010 ; Retrieved July 22, 2016 (Czech).
- Lužná u Rakovníka
- Website about the preserved locomotives at Pospichal