Železná hůrka
| Železná hůrka | ||
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| height | 591 m | |
| location | Lipová , Okres Cheb , Karlovy Vary Region in the Czech Republic | |
| Coordinates | 49 ° 59 '30 " N , 12 ° 26' 40" E | |
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| Type | extinguished cinder cone | |
| rock | basalt | |
| Last eruption | about 300,000 years ago | |
The Železná hůrka (German Eisenbühl , 591 m) and the Komorní hůrka ( Kammerbühl ) are the only volcanoes in the Czech Republic that were active in prehistoric times . Železná hůrka belongs to the municipality of Lipová ( Lindenhau ).
Location and surroundings
The Železná hůrka is located directly on the German-Czech border between the Czech town of Mýtina ( Altalbenreuth ) and the Bavarian town of Neualbenreuth near the desert of Boden .
geology
The Železná hůrka is the smallest volcano in the volcanic landscape of western Bohemia and the northern Upper Palatinate , the last eruption of which is dated around 300,000 years ago. It is barely 20 meters high, but recognizable as a complete volcano. Its eruption masses were hurled miles north and east. They covered a stretch of land several square kilometers and formed good arable and forest soil. In 1823, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe , accompanied by local historian Joseph Sebastian Grüner, was very interested in the extinct volcano and reported on the occurrence of the minerals of the garnet group , andalusites and chunks of mica schist that shone like iron. For a time, iron was processed on a modest scale in iron hammers between Alt- and Neualbenreuth.
Paths to the summit
The easiest way to reach Železná hůrka is from the Bavarian side. In the immediate vicinity of the pedestrian border crossing at Neualbenreuth to the Czech Republic , a footpath branches off to the left at the edge of the field. The Železná hůrka is a Czech natural monument; Bringing volcanic rock is prohibited under penalty.
See also
literature
- Gerd Simper: Understanding and experiencing volcanism . Feuerland Verlag, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 978-3-000-15117-0
- Ernst Proft: Kammerbühl and Eisenbühl. The stratovolcanoes of the Eger Basin in Bohemia. in: Yearbook of the KK Geological Reichsanstalt. Vol. 44. Issue 1. Leipzig. 1894. pp. 25-85. ( Digitized version ; PDF; 4.0 MB)
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Johannes Urzidil , Goethe in Böhmen , Berlin Darmstadt Vienna, 1962, text passages in Altalbenreuth, Dillenberg ( Tillenberg ) and Boden near Neualbenreuth in the place register, pages 529 to 541