1 ere armée (France)
The 1 ere armée ( German 1st Army ) was a large unit of the French army that fought in the First and Second World Wars and was active in the Cold War .
First World War
The army was one of five French armies set up by the Grand Quartier Général on August 2, 1914, according to Plan XVII , with its headquarters in Épinal . The 7th, 8th, 13th, 14th and 21st Army Corps were subordinate to it at the beginning of the war. She fought in the border battles near Mulhouse , in the Vosges and in Lorraine . In 1916 the army fought in the Battle of the Somme , in 1917 in the Third Battle of Flanders and in 1918 in the Battle of Amiens . After the Armistice of Compiègne in November 1918 it was dissolved.
Commander in chief
- Auguste Dubail - August 2, 1914 to January 5, 1915
- Pierre Roques - January 5, 1915 to March 16, 1916
- Olivier Mazel - March 25 to 31, 1916 (interim)
- Augustin Gérard - March 31 to December 31, 1916
- Émile Fayolle - December 31, 1916 to May 6, 1917
- Joseph Micheler - May 6 to June 1, 1917
- Henri Gouraud - June 1-15, 1917
- François Anthoine - June 15 to December 21, 1917
- Marie-Eugène Debeney - December 21, 1917 until the end of the war
Second World War
The army was re-established on September 3, 1939 as part of the mobilization of the French army. You were subordinate to the 3rd, 4th and 5th Army Corps and a cavalry corps. During the German campaign in the west , it was cut off in northern France together with the British Expeditionary Force and destroyed in the Lille area ; it ceased to exist on May 29th. A smaller part of the troops was evacuated during Operation Dynamo .
On September 25, 1944, the army from the B Army, which had previously carried out Operation Dragoon , was reorganized and fought mainly in southern Germany as part of the 6th US Army Group .
See main article: 1st Army (France 1944-45)
Commander in chief
- Georges Blanchard - September 3, 1939 to May 26, 1940
- René Prioux - May 26-29, 1940
- after reorganization
- Jean de Lattre de Tassigny - September 25, 1944 until the end of the war
Cold War
In the Cold War the 1st Army was active again and controlled the I., II. And III. Corps and Pluton units.
literature
- Les Armées françaises dans la Grande guerre ( AFGG ) , Tome X / Vol. 1: Ordre de bataille des grandes unités. , Paris 1923, pp. 41–45, digitized on Gallica .