36 views of Mount Fuji

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36 Views of Mount Fuji (Hokusai)
36 views of Mount Fuji
Hokusai , 1830-1836

36 Views of Mount Fuji ( Japanese 富 嶽 三 十六 景 , Fugaku sanjūrokkei ) is a color woodcut series by the Japanese painter and color woodcut artist Katsushika Hokusai .

This series is undisputedly regarded as Hokusai's masterpiece in the field of color woodcut. The most famous Japanese work of art in the West, the so-called "Great Wave off Kanagawa" , belongs to this series. One of the most sacred mountains in Japan, Mount Fuji , can be seen on all sheets of the album .

Hokusai was nearly 70 years old when he drew the first drafts for this series around 1830. He seemed well aware of the meaning of the images. In the foreword to his book The Hundred Views of Mount Fuji , he wrote that nothing he had created in the past 70 years (before the 36 Views of Mount Fuji appeared ) is worth mentioning. Nevertheless, he and the publisher of the series Eijudō (Nishimuraya Yohachi) should have been surprised by the success of the series, because initially only 36 sheets were planned and also printed. The Fuji is here from the front, i.e. H. seen from Edo / Tōkyō and the prints are therefore referred to as omote Fuji ("from the front"). At the end of 1830, the publisher announced in advertisements that more than a hundred views (of Mount Fuji) would appear. Of these, however, only ten were actually published in the years 1831/32, so that the series comprises a total of 46 sheets. The additional ten prints show the Fuji mainly from the eastern side, but are usually called ura Fuji ("from the back").

In the first editions of the first 36 sheets, Prussian blue was used for the printing of the contour lines , the contour lines of the ten additional sheets are printed in black from the beginning. In later editions, the contour lines of all prints are black; for some prints an additional color plate was made.

Other series that deal with the "36 Views of Fuji" are z. B. by Kuniyoshi ( Tōto Fujimi Sanjūrokkei , around 1843), Hiroshige ( Fuji Sanjūrokkei , 1852/53 and also 1858/59) and Kunisada ( Tōto Fuji Sanjūrokkei , 1860).

list

The order given follows that which is commonly used in the literature.

No. image Surname Japanese Transliteration
1 Under the wave in the sea off Kanagawa "Under the wave in the sea off Kanagawa", known as " The great wave off Kanagawa " 神奈川 沖浪 裏 Kanagawa-oki nami-ura
2 Clear dawn with a south wind "Clear dawn with a south wind", known as "Red Fuji" 凱 風 快 晴 Gaifu kaisei
3 Thunderstorm below the summit "Thunderstorm below the summit" 山下 白 雨 Sanka hakuu
4th Under the Mannen Bridge in Fukagawa "Under the Mannen Bridge in Fukagawa " 深 川 万年 橋下 Fukagawa Mannen-bashi shita
5 Surugadai in Edo "Surugadai in Edo" 東 都 駿 台 Tōto sundai
6th The pine trees in Aoyama (Tokyo) "The pines in Aoyama" 青山 円 座 松 Aoyama enza-no-matsu
7th Senju in Musashi Province "Senju in Musashi Province " 武 州 千 住 Bushu Senju
8th The Tama River in Musashi Province "The Tama River in Musashi Province " 武 州 玉川 Bushu Tamagawa
9 The Inume Pass in the Kai Province "The Inume Pass in the Kai Province " 甲 州 犬 目 峠 Kōshū Inume-tōge
10 Fuji seen from the rice fields in Owari Province "Fuji seen from the rice fields in Owari Province " 尾 州 不二 見 原 Bishu Fujimigahara
11 The Hongan Temple at Asakusa in Edo "The Hongan Temple near Asakusa in Edo " 東 都 浅 草本 願 寺 Tōto Asakusa honganji
12 Tsukuda Island in Musashi Province " Tsukuda Island in Musashi Province " 武 陽 佃 島 Buyō Tsukuda-jima
13 Shichirigahama Beach in Sagami Province " Shichirigahama Beach in Sagami Province " 相 州 七里 浜 Soshu Shichiri-ga-hama
14th The fields of Umezawa in Sagami Province "The fields of Umezawa in the province of Sagami " 相 州 梅 沢 庄 Sōshū Umezawa-no-sho
15th Kajikazawa in Kai Province "Kajikazawa in Kai Province " 甲 州 石 班 沢 Kōshū Kajikazawa
16 The Mishima Pass in Kai Province "The Mishima Pass in Kai Province " 甲 州 三 嶌 越 Koshu Mishima-goe
17th Lake Suwa in Shinano Province "The Suwa Lake in Shinano Province " 信 州 諏 訪 湖 Shinshu Suwa-ko
18th Ejiri in Suruga Province "Ejiri in Suruga Province " 駿 州 江 尻 Sunshu Ejiri
19th In the mountains of Totomi "In the mountains of Tōtōmi " 遠 江山 中 Tōtōmi sanchu
20th Ushibori in Hitachi Province "Ushibori in Hitachi Province " 常州 牛 掘 Jōshū Ushibori
21st Scene from the Mitsui shops near Sarugacho in Edo "Scene from the Mitsui shops at Suruga-chō in Edo " 江都駿 河 町 三井 見 世 略 図 Kōto Suruga-chō Mitsui Miseryakuzu
22nd Sunset view over Ryogoku Bridge from the sea wall in Onmaya "View of the sunset over the Ryogoku Bridge from the sea wall in Onmaya" 御 厩 川 岸 よ り 両 国 橋 夕陽 見 Ommayagashi yori Ryōgoku-bashi yūhi mi
23 The turban tower in the Gohyaku Rakan Temple "The turban tower in the Gohyaku Rakan Temple" 五百 ら か ん 寺 さ ざ ゐ ど う Gohyaku-Rakan-ji Sazaidō
24 Snowy morning at Koishikawa "Snowy morning at Koishikawa" 礫 川 雪 の 旦 Koishikawa yuki no ashita
25th Shimo-Meguro "Shimo-Meguro" 下 目 黒 Shimo meguro
26th The water wheel at Onden "The water wheel at Onden" 隠 田 の 水車 Onden no suisha
27 Enoshima in Sagami Province " Enoshima in Sagami Province " 相 州 江 の 島 Soshu Enoshima
28 Sketch of Tago Bay near Ejiri on Tōkai Street "Sketch of Tago Bay near Ejiri on Tōkai Street" 東海 道 江 尻 田 子 の 浦 略 図 Tōkaidō Ejiri Tago-no-ura
29 Yoshida on Tōkai Street "Yoshida on Tōkai Street" 東海 道 吉田 Tōkaidō Yoshida
30th At sea off Kazusa "At sea off Kazusa " 上 総 の 海路 Kazusa no kairo
31 The Nihon Bridge in Edo "The Nihon Bridge in Edo " 江 戸 日本 橋 Edo Nihon-bashi
32 The village of Sekiya on the Sumida River "The village of Sekiya on the Sumida River " 隅田川 関 屋 の 里 Sumidagawa Sekiya no sato
33 Noboto Bay "Noboto Bay" 登 戸 浦 Noboto-ura
34 Lake Hakone in Sagami Province "Lake Hakone in Sagami Province" 相 州 箱根 湖水 Soshu Hakone kosui
35 Surface of Lake Misaka in Kai Province "Surface of Lake Misaka in Kai Province " 甲 州 三 坂 水面 Koshu Misaka suimen
36 Hodogoya on Tōkai Street "Hodogoya on Tōkai Street" 東海 道 保 土 ケ 谷 Tōkaidō Hodogaya
37 Tatekawa in Honjo "Tatekawa in Honjo" 本 所 立 川 Honjo Tatekawa
38 Mount Fuji seen from the entertainment district in Senjū "The Fuji seen from the entertainment district in Senjū" 従 千 住 花街 眺望 の 不二 Senjū Hanamachi yori chōbō no Fuji
39 Fuji seen from Gotenyama near Shinagawa on Tōkai Street "Fuji seen from Gotenyama near Shinagawa on Tōkai Street" 東海 道 品 川 御 殿 山 の 不二 Tōkaidō Shinagawa Goten'yama no Fuji
40 Nakahara in Sagami Province "Nakahara in Sagami Province " 相 州 仲 原 Sōshū Nakahara
41 Dawn at Isawa in Kai Province "Dawn at Isawa in Kai Province " 甲 州 伊 沢 暁 Kōshū Isawa no akatsuki
42 The back of Mount Fuji from the Minobu River "The back of Fuji from the Minobu River" 身 延川 裏 不二 Minobu-gawa ura Fuji
43 Bundles of rice from Ono in Suruga Province "Ono Rice Bundle in Suruga Province " 駿 州 大野 新 田 Sunshu Ōno-shinden
44 Fuji seen from the tea plantation in Katakura in Suruga Province "Fuji seen from the tea plantation in Katakura in the province of Suruga " 駿 州 片 倉 茶園 の 不二 Sunshū Katakura chaen no Fuji
45 Fuji seen from Kanaya on Tōkai Street "Fuji seen from Kanaya on Tōkai Street" 東海 道 金谷 の 不二 Tōkaidō Kanaya no Fuji
46 A group of climbers "A group of mountaineers" 諸人 登山 Shojin tozan

Most of the names indicate the places from which Mount Fuji was viewed. The characters 不二 ( fuji , also: "unique", literally: "without second") are an old spelling of Mount Fuji (today: 富士 ). Some of the other place names are no longer used.

literature

  • Jocelyn Bouquillard: Hokusai - 36 views of Mount Fuji . Schirmer / Mosel, 2007. ISBN 3-8296-0295-2
  • Friedrich B. Schwan: Handbook Japanese Woodcut . Munich, 2003. ISBN 3-89129-749-1
  • Gian Carlo Calza, Hokusai . New York, 2003. ISBN 0-7148-4304-0
  • Kikuchi, Sadao: Hokusai Fugaku 36 kei . Hoikusha Publishing House, Osaka 1974

Web links

Commons : 36 Views of Mount Fuji  - Collection of images, videos and audio files