Hurdles

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400 meter hurdles for women

The hurdles are a discipline of athletics .

overview

Hurdle running is compulsory, because the given hurdle distances and heights mean that the running rhythm cannot be selected individually. The better name is hurdles sprint, because it is sprint technique and the corresponding high speeds. Championship competitions are the short (100 or 110 m) and the long hurdles sprint (400 m). Independent of the walking distance, ten hurdles must be overcome.

In indoor competitions, a 60-meter hurdle run is held with five hurdles to be crossed. Until 1968, women competed in an 80-meter hurdles race (for details, see 100-meter hurdles ).

In the competitions of the youth classes, the distances are sometimes shorter and the hurdles lower (the respective national athletics association regulates further details). For example, the regular competition route for the U14 age group (i.e. athletes between the ages of 12 and 13) in the area covered by the DLV is 60 m. As in all sprint competitions , the start is from the starting block . The hurdles may fall, but not intentionally knocked over. If a runner runs past the hurdle or leaves his or her career, this will lead to disqualification.

In the men's 110-meter hurdles, the first hurdle is 13.72 m (45  ft ) from the start line, the following nine spaces are 9.14 m (30 ft) and the final section 14.02 m (46 ft) . The women have slightly shorter distances in the 100-meter hurdles: the first hurdle is 13.00 m, the gaps are 8.5 m long and the final sprint is 10.50 m.

technology

Techniques in hurdles

When it comes to running technique, it is important not to jump over, but to run over. The imprint in the hurdle is made from a relatively upright posture with a sprint-like footrest (as little caulking effect as possible → footrest not too far in front of the body's center of gravity). The strongly bent swing leg (short pendulum → faster execution) is pulled forwards and upwards (knee guides the control - as straight as possible), while at the same time extending the push leg (= pulling leg). The guide arm is brought far forward. After leaving the floor, the forward position of the upper body is enlarged, the lower leg of the swinging leg swings forward, the opposing arm is blocked next to the body (as close as possible).

Even before reaching the edge of the hurdle, the swing leg is pushed down from the hip. The opposing arm is dynamically pulled back and down past the pull leg. At the same time, the outwardly splayed pull leg is quickly controlled (knee control) to the front (end position of the pull leg: knee centered very high in front of the body - lower leg vertical - slightly reaching out). The swing leg is stretched out on the ball of the foot, as close as possible behind the hurdle (center of gravity and footrest as close as possible to a vertical line or center of gravity slightly shifted in the direction of walking) For a good transition to the intermediate hurdle sprint, the lowest possible amortization in the foot, knee and hip joint and an active grip on the pull leg are important.

A rhythm that is as even as possible must be maintained between the hurdles. The intermediate hurdle sprint takes place with high, frequency and forward-oriented knees, while maintaining the body position and keeping the arms close to the body. After crossing the hurdles, a first step that is as powerful as possible is necessary for the best possible transition to the ZHS (= intermediate hurdle sprint). A shortened last (third) step is necessary for optimal preparation for crossing the hurdle. In the 110- and 100-meter hurdles, the intermediate sprint consists of three steps (four ground contacts) between the hurdles; in the 400-meter hurdle run for men, there is a rhythm of 13 to 15 (run-up to the first hurdle at 13: 20 Steps; for 15: 22 steps) run, for women 15 to 17 steps (17 steps between the hurdles). An uneven rhythm between the hurdles ensures that you always go over the hurdle with the same swing leg and do not have to change legs. There are few runners who can run the hurdle with both legs equally well as a swing leg. With a clean hurdle technique, the position of the body's center of gravity hardly changes. This is achieved by folding down the upper body over the hurdle while at the same time tearing the swing leg.

200 meter hurdles

In 1900 and 1904 there was also a 200-meter hurdle race at the Olympic Games.

year gold medal Silver medal Bronze medal
1900 Alvin Kraenzlein ( USA ) Norman Pritchard ( IND ) Walter Tewksbury (USA)
1904 Harry Hillman (USA) Frank Castleman (USA) George Poage (USA)

Competitions on the track were rarely held afterwards, in English-speaking countries also as a 220-yard hurdle race (201.17 m). At German championships the route was included in the competition program in 1951 and from 1953 to 1965. The International Athletics Association IAAF recognized world records for this route until 1960. The last registered world records:

In senior athletics, the route is available in some national associations for age groups from M / W 80.

See also

Web links

Commons : Hurdles  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Heiko K. Strüder, Ulrich Jonath, Kai Scholz: Athletics / training and movement science - theory and practice of all disciplines . 1st edition. Sportverlag Strauss, Cologne 2013, ISBN 978-3-86884-000-1 , p. 283 .
  2. ↑ a b c d e Heiko K. Strüder, Ulrich Jonath, Kai Scholz: Athletics / training and movement science - theory and practice of all disciplines . 1st edition. Sportverlag Strauss, Cologne 2013, ISBN 978-3-86884-000-1 , p. 281 .
  3. ↑ a b c d e f Working group of the regular commission of DLV, FLA, ÖLV, and SwA (ed.): International competition rules . 2016-2017 edition. KD Medienpark Faber, Kaiserslautern 2016, p. 94 .
  4. ↑ Working group of the rules commission of DLV, FLA, ÖLV, and SwA (ed.): International competition rules . 2016-2017 edition. KD Medienpark Faber, Kaiserslautern 2016, p. 175 .
  5. ↑ Working group of the rules commission of DLV, FLA, ÖLV, and SwA (ed.): International competition rules . 2016-2017 edition. KD Medienpark Faber, Kaiserslautern 2016, p. 68 .
  6. ↑ a b Working group of the regular commission of DLV, FLA, ÖLV, and SwA (ed.): International competition rules . 2016-2017 edition. KD Medienpark Faber, Kaiserslautern 2016, p. 93 .
  7. ↑ a b c Heiko K. Strüder, Ulrich Jonath, Kai Scholz: Athletics / training and movement science - theory and practice of all disciplines . 1st edition. Sportverlag Strauss, Cologne 2013, ISBN 978-3-86884-000-1 , p. 283-291 et al. 324-328 .
  8. ↑ a b Allen Tolmich: 200 meters and 220 yard low hurdles. 2002, accessed February 4, 2017 .
  9. ↑ Athletics - German Championships - Track (Competitions that are no longer held - Men - Part 1). sport-komplett.de, accessed on February 4, 2017 .
  10. ↑ Technical Specifications. Australian Masters Athletics, accessed February 4, 2017 .