7 Munich painters

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The 7 Munich painters were an artists' association. It included artists who were about the same age and who lived in Munich. The association included Albert Burkart , Franz Doll , Günther Graßmann , Wilhelm Maxon , Otto Nückel , Walter Schulz-Matan and Karl Zerbe .

history

In 1931, the artists' association publicly exhibited their works in the Münchner Städtische Galerie im Lenbachhaus. Through this and subsequent exhibitions in galleries and art associations, they tried to achieve their common goal of establishing themselves on the art market. However, when the National Socialists came to power , their artistic opportunities were systematically restricted. Numerous works by the artists were designated as degenerate art by the National Socialists and destroyed. Their last joint public appearance took place in the summer of 1937.

The exhibition community is a characteristic phenomenon of the interwar years. It is not a classic group of artists, but a loose association. A large part of their exhibitions did not take place in state rooms. B. in art associations or private galleries. In May 1931 her traveling exhibition began in the Munich Municipal Gallery in the Lenbachhaus. This first station is based on connections to the director of the house, Eberhard Hanfstaengl .

Graßmann and Erwin Henning and Wolf Panizza , who joined later, were also members of the Munich jury free . This open, heterogeneous and, from 1927, decidedly avant-garde artists' association was founded in 1911. In 1933 the National Socialists issued a ban. Panizza and Graßmann had opposed a Nazi event in 1931 and were injured in the process.

Over time, Erwin Henning, Wilhelm Heise and Wolf Panizza were added to the seven Munich painters . The grouping was loose, it remained without a program. From 1934 Graßmann, Heise, Henning, Panizza and Schultz-Matan dealt artistically with the development of the motorways. Panizza and Graßmann designed Wehrmacht buildings together on behalf of the Nazi regime. The group of seven was also disbanded next to the Munich Secession in the course of the “cultural cleansing” during the Nazi era .

The community appeared for the last time in 1937 in the Munich art dealer Theodor Heller (formerly Littauer) or in the Kunstverein Augsburg. From around June 1937 a turning point seems to have taken place. After this, there were only exhibitions of artists whose relationship to the Nazi state can be described as unproblematic. Hanfstaengl, the sponsor of the 1931 exhibition, was relieved of his office. In July 1937 the House of German Art and the Degenerate Art exhibition opened . Pictures by Graßmann, Maxon, Nückel and Zerbe were separated or confiscated from galleries and painting collections as "degenerate". In addition, the 7 Munich painters could no longer exhibit in the large galleries of Munich - Thannhauser , Heinemann , Caspari . These had become inoperative or had closed.

Some of the members of necessity shifted to applied arts, traveling painting or the furnishing of church buildings etc. Zerbe emigrated to Boston in 1935, where he was able to establish himself successfully. Apparently no member of this group joined the Reich Chamber of Culture before 1937. In 1943 Graßmann and Panizza took part in the large exhibition Young Art in the German Reich in the Vienna Künstlerhaus , one of the few Nazi exhibitions that was closed prematurely because of “suspicion of degenerate art”. Doll and Maxon, however, were later able to exhibit works in the Great German Art Exhibition.

The 7 Munich painters are not to be equated with the Munich School . One could perhaps assign some of them to Magical Realism or New Objectivity .

Not to be confused with the artists' association 7 Munich painters with the grouping of the “seven” from Barmen. It included the artists Theo Champion , Adolf Dietrich , Hasso von Hugo , Alexander Kanoldt , Franz Lenk , Franz Radziwill and Georg Schrimpf . In 1932, with the support of the Kunstverein in Barmen, they held their only collective exhibition, which could be seen in Bochum, Wuppertal-Barmen, Krefeld, Cologne and Düsseldorf. Allegedly Schulz-Matan took part in one of the exhibitions, so this may lead to confusion.

literature

  • Carmen Behrens, Walter Schulz-Matan 1889-1965. A Magical Realist , Göttingen 2009.
  • Günther Graßmann, painting and graphics. Exhibition for the 85th birthday. Bavarian Academy of Fine Arts, exhibition and catalog in collaboration with Professor Günther Graßmann, Dr. Inge Feuchtmayr, Marie Stelzer, Garching 1985.
  • Wilhelm Hausenstein , 7 Munich painters: Albert Burkart, Franz Doll, Günther Graßmann, W. Maxon, Otto Nückel, Walther Schulz-Matan, Karl Zerbe , Munich: Hirth, 1931. - 1 folder: 4 pp.
  • Elke Lauterbach: Seven Munich painters: An exhibition group in the period from 1931-1937 (= writings from the Institute for Art History of the University of Munich, vol. 70), Munich 1999.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Feuchtmayr, Inge, The path of a Munich painter through our century - Günther Graßmann on his 85th birthday, in: Günther Graßmann, painting and graphics. Exhibition for the 85th birthday. Bavarian Academy of Fine Arts, exhibition and catalog in collaboration with Günther Graßmann, Inge Feuchtmayr, Marie Stelzer. Garching 1985, pp. 14-18.
  2. ^ SPD press service, Munich, own wire report, March 6, 1931 (PDF)
  3. ↑ Carmen Behrens, Walter Schulz-Matan 1889-1965. Ein Magischer Realist , Göttingen 2009, pp. 441–449.
  4. ^ Elke Lauterbach: Sieben Münchner Maler: An exhibition community in the period from 1931-1937 (= writings from the Institute for Art History of the University of Munich, vol. 70), Munich 1999, p. 42
  5. ^ Elke Lauterbach: Sieben Münchner Maler: An exhibition community in the period from 1931-1937 (= writings from the Institute for Art History of the University of Munich, vol. 70), Munich 1999, p. 49
  6. ^ Feuchtmayr, Inge, The path of a Munich painter through our century - Günther Graßmann on his 85th birthday, in: Günther Graßmann, painting and graphics. Exhibition for the 85th birthday. Bavarian Academy of Fine Arts, exhibition and catalog in collaboration with Günther Graßmann, Inge Feuchtmayr, Marie Stelzer. Garching 1985, p. 18.
  7. ^ Elke Lauterbach: Sieben Münchner Maler: An exhibition group in the period from 1931-1937 (= writings from the Institute for Art History of the University of Munich, vol. 70), Munich 1999, p. 40
  8. ^ Catalog: Wilhelm Rüdiger (Ed.): Young Art in the German Empire. i. A. of the Reich Governor & Reich Leader Baldur von Schirach. Exhibition February - March 1943 in the Künstlerhaus Vienna. Ehrlich & Schmidt, Vienna 1943.