Dismantling height

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

As mining height , and height called, refers to the mining of the open-minded and for the dismantling specific part of a mine field . In seam-like deposits , the individual construction sections are referred to as the construction height.

Basics

A basic distinction is made between the sloping and the shallow mining heights . The seigere construction height is the vertical distance between two mining sections . The flat construction height is the distance that exists between the two mining stretches in the case of a seam-like deposit in the collapse . Due to the collapse of the deposit, each sea ​​depth brings a certain flat construction height. The more or less steep erection of the layers within the deposit has a special influence on the dimensions of the flat construction height. The flat construction height increases disproportionately with decreasing angle of fall. A decrease in the angle of fall by 5.5 gons to 94.5 gons results in an increase in flat construction height of just 1.2 percent. Halving the drop angle to 50 gons already results in an increase in flat construction height of 14 percent. At 22 gons, the increase in flat height is around 94 percent.

Practical application

Tunnel construction

When building a tunnel , the height depends on the choice of the starting point for the tunnel mouth hole . Since you are dependent on the shape of the terrain when building a tunnel, you are not free to choose the starting point for the tunnel mouth hole. In particular, the height of the respective mountain has a major influence on the depth a tunnel can bring. The deeper the starting point can now be chosen, the deeper the tunnel brings in and the greater the mining height. The seigere construction height, the collapse and the lateral extent of the pit area determine the size of the flat construction height. The upper construction height is limited by an area that must not be dismantled, as it serves to protect the surface of the day. At the bottom, the seigere construction height is limited by the tunnel sole. All of the minerals that are located below the bottom of the tunnel cannot be broken down easily. This is mainly due to the fact that the pit water, which is located below the bottom of the tunnel, cannot drain away. In the old mining laws, the mining of so-called wet coal, i.e. coal that was below the bottom of the tunnel, was not allowed. Here only a deeper tunnel brings a greater, seigere construction height. The depth gain and thus the gain in seigerer construction height is lower with hard coal seams than with ore veins. This is because ore veins occur in higher mountains.

Civil engineering

When civil engineering which takes solution of pit water by means of the pump , so no deeper here is studs required. This makes it possible to achieve significantly greater structural heights. The low profile has the engineering affect device of the construction sites. In the case of shallowly falling deposits, smaller, flat construction heights are chosen than in the case of steeper deposits. Furthermore, z. B. the distance between the blind shafts in a construction field is determined by the flat height of the strut . In söhlig lying seams the spacing of the blind shafts is equal to the length of the flat height. The distance between the soles and the number of soles are also determined by the dimensions of the flat construction height. This is primarily due to the fact that a certain delivery rate should be achieved per sole. If the flat construction height is chosen too high, the dismantling proceeds too slowly and the ventilation is negatively affected. The weather stream is warmed up considerably by the longer routes. If the selected flat construction height is too low, additional partial soles may have to be created. Furthermore, if the chosen shallow construction height is too low, a higher number of blind shafts per construction department must be sunk .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c Tilo Cramm, Joachim Huske: Miners' language in the Ruhr area. 5th revised and redesigned edition. Regio-Verlag, Werne 2002, ISBN 3-929158-14-0 .
  2. ^ A b Walter Bischoff , Heinz Bramann, Westfälische Berggewerkschaftskasse Bochum: The small mining dictionary. 7th edition. Glückauf Verlag, Essen 1988, ISBN 3-7739-0501-7 .
  3. ↑ a b c d e f Fritz Heise, Fritz Herbst: Textbook of mining studies with a special focus on hard coal mining. First volume, fifth improved edition. Published by Julius Springer, Berlin 1923.
  4. ↑ a b c d Fritz Heise, Fritz Herbst: Textbook of mining science with special consideration of hard coal mining. First volume, published by Julius Springer, Berlin 1908.
  5. ↑ a b c Kurt Pfläging: Stein's journey through coal mining on the Ruhr. 1st edition. Geiger Verlag, Horb am Neckar 1999, ISBN 3-89570-529-2 .
  6. ^ A b Gustav Adolf Wüstenfeld: Early sites of the Ruhr mining industry. Monograph on the history of the Ruhr area, Gustav Adolf Wüstenfeld-Verlag, Wetter-Wengern 1975, ISBN 3-922014-01-1 .
  7. ↑ a b c Joachim Huske: The hard coal mining in the Ruhr area from its beginnings to the year 2000. 2nd edition. Regio-Verlag Peter Voß, Werne, 2001, ISBN 3-929158-12-4 .
  8. ^ Gustav Köhler: Textbook of mining science. 6th improved edition. Published by Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig 1903.
  9. ^ A b c Carl Hellmut Fritzsche: Textbook of mining science. Second volume, 10th edition. Springer Verlag, Berlin / Göttingen / Heidelberg 1962.
  10. ↑ a b Hans Höfer: Pocket book for miners. Second improved and enlarged edition. KK Bergakademische Buchhandlung Ludwig Nüssler, Loeben 1904.