Abraham Adler (economist)

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Abraham Adler

Abraham Adler (born June 11, 1850 in Schwebheim near Schweinfurt , † April 23, 1922 in Leipzig ) was a German economist who is considered a pioneer in commercial science, scientific business administration and business education.

Live and act

After attending the village school in his hometown, the son of a Jewish merchant attended the teachers' seminar in Würzburg before he switched to the Royal Polytechnic School in Munich (today TH Munich ). In addition to his studies there, he gained practical commercial experience in offices. In 1870 he passed the state examination as a commercial teacher for technical teaching establishments and then began to work as a teacher at the trade school in Aschaffenburg .

The well-known business scientist , business teacher and director of the Public Business School in Leipzig (ÖHLA) Carl Gustav Odermann appointed Abraham Adler to Leipzig in April 1873 as a teacher for economics, business theory and business arithmetic. Adler accepted the offer and remained connected to his new home until his death. As early as October 1873, he received his doctorate there with a dissertation on Ricardo and Carey in their views on the basic pension .

At the end of 1874 or beginning of 1875, Abraham Adler was appointed Vice Director of ÖHLA, which he held until 1907, the time he left ÖHLA. He worked under the directors Carl Gustav Odermann, Carl Wolfrum and Hermann Raydt , who certified him teaching skills and scientific proficiency. The humble and popular teacher was considered an authority in the German educational system, whose advice was often sought and whose textbooks on bookkeeping and commercial arithmetic were highly valued. It was also thanks to Adler that the number of students at the school increased from 321 in 1873 to 921 in 1907.

In 1899 Abraham Adler was awarded the title of professor. Influenced by the economist Wilhelm Roscher , the economics teacher was one of the initiators of the commercial college founded in Leipzig in 1898 , where he had worked as a part-time director of studies since 1900 and founded both the commercial teacher seminar and - together with Robert Stern - the auditor's course, from which the seminar for Auditing and fiduciary services emerged. Finally, in 1910, the Saxon minister of education appointed Abraham Adler to be an advisor to all higher commercial schools in Saxony.

In 1912 he began his ten-year tenure as director of studies at the commercial college. In 1916, Abraham Adler initiated the establishment of the first commercial science chair, which was occupied by his former student Hermann Großmann , and founded the Institute for Taxation, which became important for the training of tax specialists.

He also worked from 1915 to 1922 as an honorary head of the Israelite religious community in Leipzig. In 1916 the deserving man was appointed Privy Councilor and in 1920 - on the occasion of his 70th birthday - officially honored by various institutions and personalities for his life's work. The Académie Française awarded him the “Palme” and the University of Frankfurt / Main awarded him an honorary doctorate in political science .

Nevertheless, since 1906 Abraham Adler and his likewise Jewish colleague Robert Stern had to fight off anti-Semitic hostility. In 1913, for example, the Leipzig city councilor Bennewitz mobilized the students at the commercial college against their Jewish teachers. However, the majority of the students before and during the First World War showed solidarity and stood behind their Jewish professors.

However, this changed after the war. In 1919 a chair in private law was created at the University of Leipzig . The students at the commercial college feared that their training would be disqualified and demanded that their institute be connected to the university. This argument was bitter and culminated in anti-Semitic slander against Adler and his life's work. His health ruined by this hostility, Abraham Adler died on April 23, 1922 in Leipzig. The funeral service for eagles abused ethnically oriented students for an anti-Jewish demonstration.

"The connections at the commercial college, which are folk-oriented, demonstratively refused the last student honor to the deceased [...] During his lifetime, the young gentlemen by no means kept it below their dignity to learn from their Jewish professor, who was a recognized authority and have it checked [...], but to exploit his death for an anti-Semitic demonstration, they have the courage and the tact. "

family

Abraham Adler married Henriette Adler from Aschaffenburg († 1901), who was three years younger than him, in 1883; the couple had two daughters (Johanna, * 1884; Emilie, * 1887). Abraham Adler's eldest daughter Johanna, married Neumann, also worked at the Leipzig Graduate School of Management. She was released in 1938 at the instigation of National Socialist colleagues, later deported to Auschwitz and murdered there. Adler's younger daughter Emilie Lipski used. Deuel emigrated to Switzerland in 1933, after the Second World War she wrote an unpublished biography of her father.

literature

  • Wolfram Fiedler: Biogram Abraham Adler (1850–1922) ; in Judaica Lipsiensia: On the history of the Jews in Leipzig ; published by the Ephraim Carlebach Foundation; Edition Leipzig 1994; ISBN 3-361-00423-3

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g IG history of the Leipzig Graduate School of Management. Retrieved August 3, 2017 .
  2. ^ A b André Loh-Kliesch: Adler, Abraham - commercial economist and university lecturer in Leipzig. Retrieved August 3, 2017 .
  3. ↑ Pioneer of business education . In: mainpost.de . December 21, 2015 ( mainpost.de [accessed on August 3, 2017]).
  4. ^ The synagogue in Schwebheim (Schweinfurt district). Retrieved August 3, 2017 .
  5. ↑ In the winter semester of 1917/18 only 72 students attended the commercial college.
  6. ↑ Hamburg Israelitisches Familienblatt from May 11, 1922
  7. ↑ Steffen Held: From Lower Franconia to Leipzig. Abraham Adler was born 165 years ago - he was one of the founders of the commercial college. P. 20 in: Leipziger Volkszeitung , June 11, 2015
  8. ↑ Hans Schwinger: "In Schwaam is guad laam": Schwebheim in testimonies from its past . BoD - Books on Demand, 2011, ISBN 978-3-8448-0561-1 ( google.de [accessed on August 3, 2017]).
personal data
SURNAME Adler, Abraham
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German economist
DATE OF BIRTH June 11, 1850
PLACE OF BIRTH Schwebheim near Schweinfurt
DATE OF DEATH April 23, 1922
Place of death Leipzig