Ephraim Carlebach

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Ephraim Carlebach

Ephraim Carlebach ( March 12, 1879 in Lübeck - October 1936 in Ramat Gan , Palestine , today Israel ) was an Orthodox German rabbi .

In Leipzig he founded the Higher Israelite School , which was named after him Ephraim-Carlebach School . The Ephraim Carlebach Foundation was established in Leipzig in November 1992 in his memory .

Life

Ephraim Carlebach belongs to a German Jewish family that produced important rabbis. His father Salomon Carlebach (1845-1919), married to Esther Carlebach nee Adler (1853-1920), was a rabbi in Lübeck. Ephraim Carlebach had eleven siblings, seven brothers and four sisters; he was the fifth child. Four of his brothers also became rabbis. They are Emanuel Carlebach (1874–1927), Joseph Carlebach (1883–1942), David Carlebach (1885–1913) and Hartwig Naphtali Carlebach (1889–1967). Two of his sisters married rabbis, Bella Carlebach (1875–1960), married to Leopold Rosenak , and Cilly Carlebach, married Neuhaus (1884–1968).

Ephraim Carlebach attended the Katharineum in Lübeck until he graduated from high school at Easter 1897. There he was friends with his schoolmate Thomas Mann , who remembered in 1947: "In the lower school classes [...] I was good friends with a comrade [...] , a son of the rabbi Dr. Carlebach, I think his name was Ephraim and he was intelligent, gentle, and lively. His figure impressed itself on me before others, more ordinary ones. "

Carlebach studied theology, history and education in Zurich, Baden near Vienna, Würzburg and Berlin. In 1900 he took over the management of the religious school of the Talmud Torah Association in Leipzig . In the same year he received his doctorate. His dissertation examines the social and political conditions of the Jewish communities in Mainz, Worms and Speyer. In 1901 he was officially ordained as a rabbi. On March 28, 1905, he married Gertrud Jakoby, who came from Bromberg. The couple had five children, the sons Esriel Carlebach (1909-1956), who founded the Israeli newspaper Maariw , David and Joseph and the daughters Hanna and Cilly.

In 1912, Ephraim Carlebach founded the private Higher Israelite School in Leipzig . For years, the school authorities torpedoed recognition as a secondary school and a secondary school for girls , although corresponding teaching content was offered. Carlebach was also the head of the institution he founded, the Israelite School Association . In 1924 he took over the Orthodox rabbinate of the Ez Chaim Synagogue . Carlebach headed the Higher Israelite School until 1935. In the same year, the school was given the honorary name Ephraim Carlebach School. His nephew Felix F. Carlebach (1911–2008), who continued to teach at the school with his wife Babette, emigrated in 1939. In the spring of 1936, Carlebach, who was already seriously ill in Leipzig, emigrated with his family to Palestine , where he was hoping for recovery. He died in Ramat Gan in October 1936 .

Honors

Ephraim Carlebach House in Leipzig

In 1992 the Ephraim Carlebach Foundation was established in Leipzig in his memory , the board of trustees of which was his nephew, the rabbi and Lübeck honorary citizen Felix F. Carlebach . In 1992, Carlebachstrasse in Mockau in the northeast of the city was named after Ephraim Carlebach in Leipzig . In his native Lübeck, the Carlebach Park in the university district commemorates the members of the Lübeck rabbi family.

literature

  • Barbara Kowalzik: Ephraim Carlebach in: Biographisches Lexikon für Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck Volume 12, Neumünster 2006, pp. 65–67
  • Sabine Niemann (editor): The Carlebachs, a family of rabbis from Germany , Ephraim Carlebach Foundation (ed.). Dölling and Galitz. Hamburg 1995, ISBN 3-926174-99-4
  • Esriel Hildesheimer, Mordechai Eliav: Das Berliner Rabbinerseminar 1873-1938 , Berlin 2008, ISBN 9783938485460 , pp. 88-89
  • Marco Helbig: Ephraim Carlebach - rabbi and headmaster between orthodoxy, liberalism and patriotism , Verlag für Alternatives Energierecht (UAE), Leipzig 2016. ISBN 9783941780132
  • Marco Helbig: Ephraim Carlebach - Neo-Orthodox rabbi in a liberal city. With a foreword by George Y. Kohler. Hentrich & Hentrich Verlag, Berlin Leipzig, 2019, ISBN 978-3-95565-331-6 .

Web links

Commons : Ephraim Carlebach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from October 25, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.dzb.de
  2. ↑ Hermann Genzken: The Abitur graduates of the Katharineum in Lübeck (grammar school and secondary school) from Easter 1807 to 1907. Borchers, Lübeck 1907. (Supplement to the school program 1907) urn : nbn: de: hbz: 061: 1-305545 , No. 1056
  3. ↑ Thomas Mann, letter to Cilly Neuhaus of February 18, 1947 In: Thomas Mann: Briefe II (edited by Erika Mann), S. Fischer Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1963, p. 526
  4. ↑ Barbara Kowalzik: The Jewish school plant in Leipzig from 1912 to 1933. Böhlau, Cologne-Weimar-Wien 2002, ISBN 978-3-412-03902-8 , pp. 103-106; limited preview in Google Book search
personal data
SURNAME Carlebach, Ephraim
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German rabbi, teacher
DATE OF BIRTH March 12, 1879
PLACE OF BIRTH Lübeck
DATE OF DEATH October 1936
Place of death Ramat Gan ( Palestine )