Acriopsis

Acriopsis
	Acriopsis liliifolia (synonym: Acriopsis javanica ), illustration
Systematics
Order :	Asparagales (Asparagales)
Family :	Orchids (orchidaceae)
Subfamily :	Epidendroideae
Tribe :	Cymbidieae
Sub tribus :	Acriopsidinae
Genre :	Acriopsis
Scientific name of the sub-tribus
	Acriopsidinae
	Dressier
Scientific name of the genus
	Acriopsis
	Reinw. ex flower

The plant genus acriopsis from the family of orchids (Orchidaceae) consists of eight species that are common in the tropics of Southeast Asia. They grow epiphytically . It is characteristic that two bracts have grown together.

description

Acriopsis liliifolia var. Liliifolia

The species of the genus Acriopsis grow sympodially . The shoot axes are thickened to round or onion-shaped, closely spaced pseudobulbs , which consist of several internodes . The roots are thin and surrounded by velamen . They form a branched mass of aerial roots that catch falling leaves and the like. In the upper area of the pseudobulbs there are two to four leaves . They are arranged in two lines, stiffly protruding and linearly shaped. The leaf base includes the stem axis, it is separated from the leaf blade by a separating tissue .

The inflorescence appears laterally from the base of the pseudobulbs. The flower stem is thin, upright to laterally overhanging, unbranched or not very branched. The resupinated flowers bloom one after the other and only last a few days. They are brownish, brown-red, white or green in color. The two lateral sepals are completely fused together and, if you look at the flower from the front, are behind the labellum . All petals except the lip are shaped and colored roughly the same. The lower part of the lip is fused with the column to form a tube, the free part bends downwards and is three-lobed or unlobed. The column is characterized by two small protruding appendages in the front area. The stamen sits at the end of the column under a hood. It contains two pollinia , which are connected by a small stalk with an adhesive disc (Viscidium). Each pollinium is deeply furrowed and heavily compressed on the sides. The scar consists of an oval area.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 40.

distribution

The genus Acriopsis is common in tropical Asia. India is settled in the northwest of the distribution area, from the south of China the distribution extends over back India and the Indonesian island world to New Guinea and with one species reaches the northeast of Australia.

They are epiphytic plants that grow in the lower trunk area.

Systematics and botanical history

Acriopsis was described by Carl Ludwig Blume in 1825 with the species Acriopsis javanica (now a synonym for Acriopsis liliifolia ). The name Acriopsis means "similar to a grasshopper", which precisely refers to the appearance of the brownish flowers, according to "Australian orchid genera" specifically to the appearance of the column.

Within the tribe of Cymbidieae , Dressler places them in its own subtribe Acriopsidinae. He does not confirm a previously assumed relationship with Thecostele , but classifies the genus close to the subtribe Cyrtopodiinae .

A distinction is made between the following types:

Acriopsis carrii Holttum : It occurs on the Malay Peninsula.
Acriopsis densiflora Lindl. : It occurs in Malaysia, Borneo and Sumatra. With two varieties:
- Acriopsis densiflora var. Borneensis (Ridl.) Minderh. & de Vogel : It only occurs in Borneo.
- Acriopsis densiflora var. Densiflora : Malaysia, Borneo and Sumatra.
Acriopsis emarginata D.L. Jones & MAClem. : Northern Queensland.
Acriopsis floribunda Ames : Philippines.
Acriopsis gracilis Minderh. & de Vogel : Borneo.
Acriopsis indica C. Wright : It occurs from Assam to Yunnan and Malesia.
Acriopsis inopinata Phoon & P.O'Byrne : The species first described in 2009 occurs on the Malay Peninsula.
Acriopsis latifolia Rolfe : It occurs on the Malay Peninsula.
Acriopsis liliifolia (J.König) Seidenf. : With two varieties:
- Acriopsis liliifolia var. Auriculata (Minderh. & De Vogel) JJWood : It occurs from Indochina to western Malesia.
- Acriopsis liliifolia var. Liliifolia (Syn .: Acriopsis javanica Reinw. Ex Blume ): It occurs from the Sikkim to the islands in the northwestern Pacific.
Acriopsis ridleyi Hook.f. : It occurs in Thailand, Malaysia and Borneo.

literature

Jim B. Comber: Orchids of Java . Bentham-Moxon Trust, Kew 1990, ISBN 0-947643-21-4 , pp. 386 f .
Robert L. Dressler: Phylogeny and Classification of the Orchid Family . University Press, Cambridge 1993, ISBN 0-521-45058-6 , pp. 167 f .
Xinqi Chen, Jeffrey J. Wood: Acriopsis . In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Hong Deyuan (eds.): Flora of China . tape 25 . Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis 2009, pp. 280 ( efloras.org ).
DL Jones, T. Hopley, SM Duffy, KJ Richards, MA Clements, X. Zhang: Australian Orchid Genera . Csiro Publishing, 2006 ( gov.au [accessed May 26, 2008]).

Individual evidence

↑ Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 (reprint from 1996).
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Acriopsis. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved April 3, 2020.

Web links

Commons : Acriopsis - album with pictures, videos and audio files

List of orchid genera

[1] Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 (reprint from 1996).

[WCSP-2] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Acriopsis. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved April 3, 2020.