Adolphe Pinard

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Adolphe Pinard (1844-1934)

Adolphe Pinard (born February 4, 1844 in Méry-sur-Seine , Canton Méry-sur-Seine ; † March 1, 1934 ibid) was a French obstetrician .

Live and act

Pinard was the son of a farmer, studied with a pharmacist, studied medicine in Paris and was awarded his doctorate in 1874 at the Sorbonne with his dissertation Nouvelles recherches de pelvimétrie et de pelvigraphie, sur la forme et les diamètres antéro-postérieurs de 100 bassins viciés représentés de grandeur naturelle . ( New pelvimetrische and pelvigrafische studies on the shape and anteroposterior diameter of 100 pools of insufficient natural size. ) PhD . He worked in Paris , where he was assistant to Étienne Stéphane Tarnier (1828-1897), later professor of obstetrics . He is considered the father of modern perinatal medicine and the "puericulture movement" (infant care) and was President of the French Society for Eugenics.

Adolphe Pinard established obstetric palpation procedures and the so-called Pinard maneuver for delivery in breeches . In 1895 he developed a wooden stethoscope for listening ( auscultation ) to the child's heartbeat, which is still used today in obstetrics.

With the obstetrician and radiologist Henri Victor Varnier, he set up one of the first X-ray institutes at the Clinique Baudelocque .

As a member of parliament (1919–1928), he submitted a bill in November 1926 in which he required a certificate of the absence of communicable diseases prior to marriage.

Pinard was a great advocate of breastfeeding ("Mother's milk belongs to the child") and condemned the use of pacifiers . ("Remember, in trying to calm babies, they often do much more harm than good".)

In honor of Adolphe Pinard, the obstetric clinic at the Nancy University Hospital and a boulevard in Paris are named after him.

Fonts (selection)

  • Traité du palper abdominal, au point de vue obstétrical, et de la version par manœuvres externes. H. Lauwereyns, Paris 1878.
  • with Victor Wallich: Traitement de l'infection puerpérale. G. Steinheil, Paris 1896.
  • Clinique obstétricale. Steinheil, Paris 1899.
  • La puériculture du premier age. Nourriture, vêtement, hygiène. Colin, Paris 1904.
  • with Henri Méry: L'enseignement de la puériculture. Imprimerie nationale, Paris 1912.

literature

  • Anne Carol: Histoire de l'eugénisme en France. Les médecins et la procréation. XIX e -XX e siècle. Seuil, Paris 1995, ISBN 2-02-021568-3 .
  • Anne Cova: Maternity et droits des femmes en France. XIX e -XX e siècles. Anthropos, Paris 1997, ISBN 2-7178-3261-0 .
  • PM Dunn: Adolphe Pinard (1844-1934) of Paris and intrauterine pediatric care. In: Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal & Neonatal. 91, 2006, ISSN  1359-2998 , F231-F232, doi : 10.1136 / adc.2005.074518 .
  • A. Fruhinsholz: Adolphe Pinard, puériculteur français, 1844–1934. In: Médecine de France. 21, 1951, ISSN  0025-6706 , pp. 3-9.
  • P. Herschkorn: Adolphe Pinard et l'enfant à naître. L'invention de la médecine fœtale. = Adolphe Pinard. The invention of prenatal medicine. (Colloque 100 ans de la puériculture ). In: Devenir. 8, 3, 1996, ISSN  1015-8154 , pp. 77-87.
  • Nadine Lefaucheur: La Puériculture d'Adolphe Pinard, une voie française de l'eugénisme. In: Ginette Raimbault, Michel Manciaux (eds.): Enfance menacée. Éditions de l'INSERM, Paris 1992, ISBN 2-85598-500-5 , pp. 19–43 (and in: Patrick Tort (ed.): Darwinisme et société. Presses universitaires de France, Paris 1992, ISBN 2-13 -044774-0 , pp. 413-435).
  • Louis Portes: Éloge du professeur Adolphe Pinard (1844–1934). Prononcé à la Clinique Baudelocque on 12 nov. 1943. Masson, Paris 1943.
  • Barbara I. Tshisuaka: Pinard, Adolphe. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 1163.

Web links

Commons : Adolphe Pinard  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Archives de l'Aube, commune de Méry-sur-Seine: Acte de décès. 1934 (death certificate)
  2. ^ PM Dunn: Adolphe Pinard (1844-1934) of Paris and intrauterine pediatric care. In: Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition. Volume 91, number 3, May 2006, pp. F231-F232, doi : 10.1136 / adc.2005.074518 , PMID 16632653 , PMC 2672711 (free full text).
  3. ↑ Barbara I. Tshisuaka: Varnier, Henri Victor. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 1437.
  4. ^ Alain Drouard: Une inconnue des sciences sociales. La Fondation Alexis Carrel. 1941-1945. Éditions de la Maison des Sciences de l'Homme , Paris 1992, ISBN 2-7351-0484-2 , p. 73.
  5. ↑ quoted from Charles Burlureaux: La Lutte pour la santé. Bibliolife, Charleston SC 2007, ISBN 978-1-4346-3186-2 , p. 48.
  6. ↑ Édith Thoueille: La tétine voyage, approche transculturelle. In: spiral. 2002/3 no 23, ISSN  1278-4699 , pp. 15-24.
personal data
SURNAME Pinard, Adolphe
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French obstetrician
DATE OF BIRTH February 4, 1844
PLACE OF BIRTH Méry-sur-Seine , Canton of Méry-sur-Seine
DATE OF DEATH March 1, 1934
Place of death Méry-sur-Seine , Canton of Méry-sur-Seine