Adrian Virginius (theologian, 1663)
Adrian Virginius (* November 20 . Jul / 30th November 1663 greg. In Kambja , Livonia ; † June 27 jul. / 8. July 1706 greg. In Tartu ) was a Baltic German Bible translator and theologian .
Life
Adrian Virginius was born the son of the Lutheran pastor of Kambja (German Kamby ) Andreas Virginius (1640–1701), whose father came from Pomerania . He studied theology at the University of Kiel from 1681 to 1683 , but without obtaining a formal degree. Then he returned to his homeland. From 1686 to 1694 Virginius was pastor in Puhja ( Kaweleht ) and from 1694 to 1704 pastor in Otepää ( Odenpäh ). In 1692 Virginius married the Swedish-born Christine Elisabeth Krieg. The couple had seven children.
In 1700 the Northern War (1700–1721) began in the Baltic States . In 1700 and 1702, Virginius formed military protection groups with local farmers. With the tsarist occupation of Livonia, Virginius was arrested by Russian troops in September 1704. He was executed in Tartu ( Dorpat ) on July 27, 1706 for alleged espionage for Sweden .
plant
Virginius was one of the most important translators of Protestantism in Estonia . As a result, he has decisively shaped the Estonian written language. In 1683 he began to translate the Bible into the South Estonian language in Riga . A year later, based on his father's manuscripts, he published the translation of the Small Catechism in South Estonian. In 1686 his songbook Wastne Tarto Mah Keele Laulo Rahmat was published . The second edition in 1690 was expanded to include some hymns that he had translated.
In 1686 Virginius' main work was published, the translation of the New Testament into the South Estonian language, which he had prepared together with his father under the title Meije Issanda Jesusse Kristusse Wastne Testament Echk Jummala Pöha Sönna Kumb Perrast Issanda Jesusse Kristusse Sündimist pöhist Ewangelistu nink Apostlist om ülleskirjotet . However, due to disputes within the consistory , this translation was withdrawn five years later.
Together with Johann Hornung (around 1669–1715), Virginius translated the New Testament into the North Estonian language . The work did not appear in print until 1715. Together with Bengt Gottfried Forselius (1660? -1688) he translated around fifty hymns into the North Estonian language, which appeared in 1690.
Also of importance is Virginius' church manual with various texts in the North Estonian language, which was published in Riga in 1694/95 under the title Ma kele Koddo ning Kirgo Ramat .
As a representative of the Estonian-speaking part of Livonia, Virginius took part in the two important Bible conferences in Liepa ( Lindenhof ) in 1686 and in Pilistvere ( Pillistfer ) in 1687 .
literature
- Arend Buchholtz : Virginius, Adrian the Younger . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 40, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1896, p. 15.
- Cornelius Hasselblatt: History of Estonian Literature. Berlin, New York 2006 ( ISBN 3-11-018025-1 ), pp. 144-147
- Carola L. Gottzmann , Petra Hörner: Lexicon of the German-language literature of the Baltic States and St. Petersburg . De Gruyter, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-11-019338-1 , p. 1375-1376 .
Web links
- Data, curriculum vitae, bibliography (EEVA)
- Baltic Historical Commission (ed.): Entry on Adrian Virginius. In: BBLD - Baltic Biographical Lexicon digital
Remarks
- ↑ http://www.utlib.ee/ekollekt/eeva/index.php?do=autor_ylevaade&lang=2&aid=60
- ↑ or June 27, 1706
- ↑ Endel Annus (Ed.): Eestikeelne raamat (= Eesti retrospektiivne rahvusbibliograafia; 1). Eesti Akadeemiline Raamatukogu, 2000. ISBN 9985-50272-8 , No. 41
- ↑ Eesti Elulood. Tallinn: Eesti Entsüklopeediakirjastus 2000 (= Eesti Entsüklopeedia 14) ISBN 9985-70-064-3 , p. 616
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Virginius, Adrian |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Vergin, Adrian; Verginius, Adrian |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Baltic German Bible translator and theologian |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 30, 1663 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Kambja |
| DATE OF DEATH | July 8, 1706 |
| Place of death | Tartu |