Johann Hornung
Johann Hornung (* around 1660 in Reval ; † 1715 in Russia ) was a Baltic German linguist, pastor and writer.
Life
Johann Hornung studied in Kiel in 1681 . He first worked as a school inspector in the Baltic States . Later he worked as a pastor : from 1692 to 1698 in Põltsamaa , from 1698 to 1706 in Karula and from 1706 to 1708 interim in Otepää , Hargla , Urvaste , Puhja and other Estonian and Livonian places. In 1700 he married Dorothea Helene Böckelmann.
In 1706 he was warned by the consistory for excessive alcohol consumption . In the same year he got caught up in the turmoil of the Northern War . Hornung was first captured by the Swedish in Pärnu , then he was interned twice by Russian troops. In 1708 he was abducted to Russia and died there in captivity in 1715.
Estonian language
Johann Hornung was formative for the development of the North Estonian written language, which was based on the dialect of Tallinn. At the second Estonian Bible Conference in Pilistvere in 1687 , Hornung advocated an Estonian orthography that combined the work of Bengt Gottfried Forselius with the simplistic spelling of Heinrich Stahl and his followers.
Together with Adrian Virginius , Hornung translated the New Testament into the North Estonian language for the first time . The work did not appear in print until 1715 in Tallinn with an edition of only 400 copies.
His Grammatica Esthonica appeared in Latin in Riga in 1693 , in which he provides an almost complete overview of the morphology of Estonian. Hornung introduces the accusative , completely eliminates the future tense and the foreign letters c, f, x, y and z , the length symbol h and the articles se and üx .
Works (selection)
-
Grammatica Esthonica. Brevi, perspicua tamen method ad dialectum Revaliensem (1693)
- Reprint: 3. Grammatica Esthonica. Brevi, perspicua tamen methodo ad dialectum Revaliensem. Unchanged reprint of the Riga 1693 edition. Introduced and edited by Harald Haarmann . Hamburg 1977 (= Fenno-Ugrica Vol. 4) ISBN 3-87118-306-7
- Önsa Luterusse Laste Öppetuse (1694)
- Ma Kele Koddo ning Kirgo Ramatu (collaboration, 1694/95)
literature
- Eduard Ahrens : Johann Hornung, the creator of our Ehstnian church language. To save the honor of the oppressed. Tallinn 1845
- Carola L. Gottzmann , Petra Hörner: Lexicon of the German-language literature of the Baltic States and St. Petersburg . De Gruyter, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-11-019338-1 , p. 611 f .
- Cornelius Hasselblatt : History of Estonian Literature. Berlin, New York 2006, pp. 130f., 134 and 146
- Heiki Reila: Hornung's Translation of the New Testament and its Role in the Making of Ecclesiastical Estonian. In: Language and Literature 02/2007, pp. 143-151
Web links
- Baltic Historical Commission (Ed.): Entry on Johann Hornung. In: BBLD - Baltic Biographical Lexicon digital
- Biographical data and literature (Estonian)
Individual evidence
- ^ Michael Garleff : Baltic provinces, Baltic states and the national. LIT, Münster 2005, ISBN 9783825890865 , p. 63 restricted preview in the Google book search.
- ↑ Hornung was the son of Forselius' sister
- ^ Discover Contributors - The European Library. In: theeuropeanlibrary.org. January 8, 2018, accessed January 2, 2015 .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Hornung, Johann |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Hornung, Johannes |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German-Baltic linguist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | around 1660 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Reval |
| DATE OF DEATH | 1715 |
| Place of death | Russia |