Agria Gramvousa

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Agria Gramvousa
East side of Agria Gramvousa
East side of Agria Gramvousa
Waters Mediterranean Sea
Archipelago Crete
Geographical location 35 ° 38 '30 "  N , 23 ° 35' 15"  E Coordinates: 35 ° 38 '30 "  N , 23 ° 35' 15"  E
Agria Gramvousa (Crete)
Agria Gramvousa
length 2 km
width 550 m
surface 82.5 ha
Highest elevation 101  m
Residents uninhabited

Agria Gramvousa ( Greek Άγρια Γραμβούσα ( f. Sg. ), In antiquity probably Tretos ) is a rocky island off the northwest coast of the Greek island of Crete . In contrast to the 2.2 kilometers southwest of the island of Imeri Gramvousa ( Ήμερη Γραμβούσα ), it bears the addition Agria , which means "wild". Agria Gramvousa is located in the municipality of Kissamos in the regional district of Chania , about 16 kilometers northwest of the municipality capital, the small town of Kissamos.

location

View from Imeri to Agria Gramvousa

The island of Agria Gramvousa is separated from the northwestern tip of the Gramvousa peninsula in the far northwest of Crete by the approximately 680 meters wide, less than 20 meters deep channel of Vouxa ( Δίαβλος Βούξας ) . The origin of the name Gramvousa is not exactly known. The most likely derivation from the Venetian name Capo Buso , translated "Cape with opening", for Cape Vouxa ( Άκρα Βούξα ) on the northern tip of the peninsula. This is also called Trypiti , "with a hole", and the locals still pronounce Gramvousa today with "b", i.e. Grambousa , as in the former Venetian name Buso .

In contrast to the neighboring island of Imeri Gramvousa and the Balos lagoon , to which excursion boats from Kissamos run daily in the summer months and pass Agria Gramvousa , the island has no tourist significance. At least in earlier years it was used as a grazing area for goats.

description

Agria Gramvousa has an area of ​​82.5 hectares . The island measures 2200 meters in its longitudinal axis, directed from northwest to southeast, and is a maximum of 600 meters wide. The highest point at 101  meters is in the northwest.

Flora, vegetation and nature conservation

The island is surrounded by rocky cliffs, above which there is a relatively flat high plateau. The rocky coasts bear a species-poor vegetation of salt-tolerant species such as the shrub melde ( Atriplex halimus ), the gray limb melde ( Arthrocnemum macrostachyum ), the salt elephant ( Limbarda crithmoides ), or the sand herb Arenaria aegaea , which specializes in small islands . The island interior is of lower dichtwüchsiger Macchie from the mastic ( Pistacia lentiscus ) and from 30 to 50 cm high Phrygana covered in the thymus capitatus ( Thymbra capitata ), Hairy sparrows tongue ( Thymelaea hirsuta ), the Perilla Ballota pseudodictamnus and Quirlblättrige Heide ( Erica manipuliflora ) predominate. A total of 119 different fern and seed plants have been found on the island so far. The most important species is the dog chamomile Anthemis glaberrima , which occurs only on the two Gramvousa islands and has its main occurrence on Agria Gramvousa . A micro-reserve was set up on Agria Gramvousa to protect them. It is under national and international legal protection.

Agria Gramvousa is part of the " Natura 2000 " -area GR 4340001, Imeri and Agria Gramvousa - Tigani and Falasarna - Pontikonisi ( Ήμερη και Άγρια Γραμβούσα-Τηγάνι και Φαλάσαρνα-Ποντικονήσι ) and also part of the Important Bird Area Tiganis peninsula and the islands of Gram Vouses and Pontikonisi .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Richard Talbert (Ed.): Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World . Princeton University Press, Princeton 2000, ISBN 0-691-04945-9 , pp. 925, 928 .
  2. ↑ Victoria Kyriakopoulos: Crete . Lonely Planet, German edition. 2nd Edition. MairDumont, Ostfildern 2009, ISBN 978-3-8297-1607-9 , pp. 125 ( limited preview in Google Book Search [accessed January 23, 2011]).
  3. ↑ a b c Hellenic Military Geographical Service (Ed.): Topographical Map 1: 50,000 Sheet Kissamos . Athens 1993 ( preview: click "Products Category", then click "Auxiliary Background Map" ).
  4. ↑ Historical overview of the fortress of Gramvousa. "Gramvousa-Balos", Cretan Cruises & Co (Gramvousa Balos Cruises), accessed January 24, 2011 .
  5. ↑ a b c d Dimitrios Christodoulakis, Eva Economidou, Theodoros Georgiadis: Geobotanical study of the Grabusen Islands (South Aegean, Greece). In: Botanica Helvetica. Volume 101, No. 1, 1991, pp. 53-67, doi: 10.5169 / seals-70303 .
  6. ^ Charles Arnold (ed.): The islands of the Mediterranean . A unique and complete overview. 2nd Edition. Mare Buchverlag, Hamburg 2008, ISBN 978-3-86648-096-4 , p. 340 .
  7. ↑ Costas A. Thanos, Christina Fournaraki: Floristic List of the Anthemis glaberrima Plant Micro-Reserve (CRETAPLANT: A Pilot Network of Plant Micro-Reserves in Western Crete, LIFE04NAT_GR_000104). 2008, PDF file . Accessed July 7, 2012.
  8. ↑ Christina Fournaraki, Costas A. Thanos: Anthemis glaberrima. IUCN, accessed July 6, 2012 .
  9. ↑ a b Costas A. Thanos, Christina Fournaraki: CRETAPLANT: A Pilot Network of Plant Micro-Reserves in Western Crete, LIFE04NAT_GR_000104. Anthemis glaberrima. Accessed July 7, 2012.
  10. ↑ Natura 2000 area GR4220011, English
  11. ↑ BirdLife International: Important Bird Areas factsheet: Tiganis peninsula and the islands of Gramvouses and Pontikonisi. 2012, accessed July 7, 2012.

Web links

Commons : Agria Gramvousa  - collection of images, videos and audio files