Anthemis glaberrima
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Anthemis glaberrima |
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| Anthemis glaberrima | ||||||||||||
| ( Rech.f. ) Greuter |
Anthemis glaberrima is a plant from the genus of Anthemis ( Anthemis ) in the family of Compositae (Asteraceae). It has been classified as one of the 50 most endangered plants on the Mediterranean islands.
features
Anthemis glaberrima is an annual stem therophyte that reaches heights of 2 to 30 centimeters. The leaf lobes are pointed .
The bottom of the basket is almost flat and its center is pointedly conical. The chaff leaves are glabrous and shorter than those of the tubular flowers . The ray-florets are sterile, short, broadly elliptical and pink. The fruits are 1 to 1.25 millimeters long and almost as wide, grainy or tubercular achenes . Her ribs are finely wrinkled and her crown is crooked, skinned and dented.
The flowering time is in April.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 18.
Occurrence
Anthemis glaberrima is on the two small islands Agria Gramvousa (0,825 square kilometers) and Imeri Gramvousa (0.722 square kilometers) endemic to Crete are offshore in the far northwest. The species grows on limestone rocks.
Systematics
Anthemis glaberrima was first described in 1943 by Karl Heinz Rechinger under the basionym Ammanthus glaberrimus and placed in the genus Anthemis in 1968 by Werner Greuter .
The species belongs to the Ammanthus group within the genus Anthemis . In addition to Anthemis glaberrima, it contains the species Anthemis ammanthus , Anthemis filicaulis and Anthemis tomentella, which are endemic to the south of the Aegean Sea .
Threat and protection
Anthemis glaberrima is classified as critically endangered in the IUCN Red List , as the species has a range of less than 10 km² and annual species can experience strong fluctuations in population density. Agria Gramvousa's subpopulation appears to be endangered due to grazing and marine pollution. In contrast, the subpopulation of Imeri Gramvousa is relatively isolated and not endangered by human influences, the island is only visited by tourists in summer. The species is classified as critically endangered in Greece in the National Red Data Book and is protected by Presidential Decree 67/81. It is also listed as a priority species in Appendix II of the Habitats Directive and in Appendix I of the Bern Convention .
On Agria Gramvousa, a protected area ( micro-reserve ) with a size of 4.4 ha was set up to protect Anthemis glaberrima . A campaign was also carried out to educate the population and local authorities about the species. Seeds of the species were stored in the seed library of the Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania .
Due to Agria Gramvousa's abundance of endemic species, the island should be declared a nature reserve. In addition, a management plan should be developed for the island to prevent the penetration of herbivores and invasive plants .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Ralf Jahn, Peter Schönfelder: Excursion flora for Crete . With contributions by Alfred Mayer and Martin Scheuerer. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1995, ISBN 3-8001-3478-0 , p. 314 .
- ↑ Bertrand de Montmollin, Wendy Strahm (Ed.): The Top 50 Mediterranean Island Plants. Wild plants at the brink of extinction, and what is needed to save them. IUCN / SSC Mediterranean Islands Plant Specialist Group, IUCN, Gland / Cambridge, 2005, ISBN 2-8317-0832-X , pp. 36-37, PDF file , online .
- ^ Anthemis glaberrima at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ a b c d e Anthemis glaberrima in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2012.1. Posted by: Christina Fournaraki & Costas A. Thanos, 2011. Retrieved July 22, 2012.
- ↑ Karl Heinz Rechinger: Report on a botanical research trip to Crete. In: Anzeiger der Akademie der Wissenschaften Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse. Volume 80, No. 12, 1943, p. 61.
- ↑ a b Werner Greuter: Contributio floristica austro-aegaea 13. In: Candollea. Volume 23, No. 1, 1968, pp. 143-150.
- ↑ About protection of wild fauna and indigenous flora and determination of the procedure for coordination and control of their research, Π.Δ. 67/23/1981 (ΦΕΚ A 23/1981) PDF (Greek)
- ↑ Costas A. Thanos, Christina Fournaraki: CRETAPLANT: A Pilot Network of Plant Micro-Reserves in Western Crete, LIFE04NAT_GR_000104. Anthemis glaberrima. Accessed July 31, 2012.
