Aisepos Bridge
Coordinates: 40 ° 16 ′ 3 ″ N , 27 ° 36 ′ 8 ″ E
| Aisepos Bridge (Taubenbrücke) |
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| Convicted | Roman road to Kyzikos | |
| Crossing of | Aisepos ( Gönen Çayı ) | |
| place | Mysia ( Balıkesir , Turkey ) | |
| construction | Arch bridge with vaulted vaults | |
| overall length | Approx. 158 m | |
| width | 5.60 m | |
| Number of openings | 11 (including flood outlets) | |
| Clear width | Max. 12.20 m | |
| construction time | 4th or 5th / 6th Century AD | |
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The Aisepos Bridge ( Turkish : Güvercin Köprüsü , " Taubenbrücke ") was a late antique bridge over the Aisepos River ( Gönen Çayı ) in Mysia, Asia Minor (today Balıkesir Province , Turkey ). It is particularly noteworthy for the progressive hollow chamber system, which is also found in other late antique bridge structures in the region such as B. the Makestos Bridge can be found. In a field survey at the beginning of the 20th century, the four main arches were found to have collapsed, whereas almost all the pillars and the seven smaller arches were still standing. The two pillar stumps in the river bed can still be seen on current photos, whereas the rest of the structural condition of the bridge is difficult to assess.
location
The Aisepos Bridge is located in the northwest of today's Turkey, eight kilometers as the crow flies north of Sariköy, about 5.6 kilometers upstream from the mouth of the Gönen Çayı into the Marmara Sea, a little above the point where the narrow river valley opens to the coastal plain and the modern car bridge of the National road 200 crossed the Gönen Çayı. In ancient times , the Aisepos Bridge was part of a Roman road that ran across Mysia to the coastal city of Kyzikos . Parts of the street, which was paved with small, 13-15 centimeter deep round stones, were still used in the 19th century for traffic between the successor settlement Bandırma (Panderma) and Boghashehr .
construction time
The English archaeologist Frederick William Hasluck published a first research report on the Aisepos Bridge in 1906, in which he related the structure to similar hollow-chamber bridges in Mysia such as the White Bridge , the Makestos Bridge and the Constantine Bridge . Based on the structural relationship, he dated the bridge quartet in the early 4th century AD to the era of Constantine the Great († 337 AD).
According to the Italian bridge researcher Galliazzo, the characteristic alternating brick and stone masonry of the arch (see photo of the arch on the eastern abutment ) points more to an early Byzantine new building from the second half of the 5th or first of the 6th century in the epoch of Emperor Justinian down. In his opinion, only the pillar foundations and the ramps with their smaller arches are clearly of Roman origin.
construction
Hasluck found none of the four main arches over the river standing, but both bank ramps and almost all bridge piers had been completely preserved, only the third pillar in the middle of the river from the west bank had completely disappeared. The bridge body disclosed has four parallel, slot-like cavities in the upper pillar area, which extend longitudinally through the bridge below the road surface and should reduce the dead load resting on the arches. The pillars are protected on both sides by large breakwaters with pointed attachments.
The bridge is 5.60 meters wide and has a total length of approx. 158 meters. Hasluck specifies the span of the third and seventh arch openings as around 12.20 meters each. The outer cladding of the Aisepos Bridge, including the breakwaters and cavity construction, consists of granite blocks , the backfilling of rubble stones in a mortar bond. The road pavement, which has remained largely intact and consists of large, partly rectangular stones, rests on the capstones of the cavities.
The ramp to the west is limited by the mountain slope. Its two vaulted arches, one of them semi-arched, were walled up with bricks, while the outer vaulted stones consist of alternating layers of stone and brick, as is characteristic of the Makestos Bridge. The 58 meter long east ramp rests on five arches of decreasing size, with Arch 9, overgrown by vegetation, only being reconstructed hypothetically by Hasluck. At the entrance of the ramp are - similar to the Sangarius Bridge - the remains of a brick exedra , around which the path curves on both sides; next to it is an 80 centimeter high cylindrical stone on which repairs could have been recorded.
Pictures from around 1905
Middle pillars (view from the south)
Middle pillars (view from the north)
End of the eastern abutment
Arch at the eastern abutment
See also
literature
- Vittorio Galliazzo: I ponti romani. Volume 2: Catalogo generale . Edizioni Canova, Treviso 1994, ISBN 88-85066-66-6 , p. 417.
- Frederick William Hasluck : A Roman Bridge on the Aesepus. In: The Annual of the British School at Athens . Volume 12, 1905/06, pp. 184-189.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Bursa Çanakkale Yolu . Google Inc. Retrieved July 8, 2012.
- ↑ Aesepus Bridge 2 . Microsoft Corporation. Retrieved July 8, 2012.
- ↑ Galliazzo (1995), p. 417: A km 8 circa in linea d'aria a Nord di Sariköy ea km 5,600 dallo sbocco del fiume nel Mar di Marmara poco a monte del ponte moderno sulla Strada Nazionale 200 nel tratto 'interno' che per Tahirova e Gönen ritorna verso la costa a Edincik e Bandirma.
- ↑ a b c d e f Hasluck (1905/06), p. 187
- ↑ Hasluck (1905/06), p. 189
- ↑ a b Galliazzo (1995), p. 417
- ↑ Hasluck (1905/06), pp. 184f.
- ↑ a b c d e Hasluck (1905/06), p. 185
- ↑ Hasluck (1905/06), pp. 185, 187