al-Aziz (Ayyubids)
Al-Aziz Uthman ( Arabic الملك العزيز عماد الدين أبو الفتح عثمان بن صلاح الدين يوسف, DMG al-Malik al-ʿAzīz ʿImād ad-Dīn Abū l-Fatḥ ʿUṯmān b. Ṣalāḥ ad-Dīn Yūsuf , * 1171 in Cairo ; † November 29, 1198 ) was the second sultan of the Ayyubids in Egypt (1193–1198) and a younger son of Saladin . To distinguish it from the Fatimid caliph al-ʿAzīz (* 955, † 996) he is often referred to as al-Malik for short .
Life
Al-Aziz Uthman succeeded Saladin (1171-1193) as Sultan of Egypt and head of the Ayyubids in 1193. However, before his death, Saladin had transferred Syria , Palestine and Yemen to his son al-Afdal , northern Syria to his son az-Zahir and northern Mesopotamia to his brother al-Adil . This division of the empire soon led to power struggles. During this, Saladin's brother al-Adil, who had allied himself with az-Zahir, succeeded in overthrowing al-Afdal in 1196 and appropriated Syria and Palestine.
When al-Aziz Uthman died in late 1198, he was followed by his underage son al-Mansur Muhammed . The late sultan's ministers then took al-Afdal out of exile and made him regent for his nephew. Several other Ayyubid princes supported this approach in order to create a counterbalance to al-Adil. Their agreement against al-Adil, however, remained half-hearted, so that he could move into Egypt in 1200, raise himself to sultan and force his Ayyubid relatives under his suzerainty.
Web links
- El-Malek el-Aziz Othman at fmg.ac (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Abu l-Fida . In: Recueil des Historiens des Croisades. Historiens orientaux (RHC Or), 1995, Volume 1, p. 75
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Saladin |
Sultan of Egypt 1193–1198 |
al-Mansur Muhammad |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | al-Aziz |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | al-Malik; al-Aziz Uthman; al-Malik al-ʿAzīz ʿImād ad-Dīn Abū l-Fatḥ ʿUṯmān b. Ṣalāḥ ad-Dīn Yūsuf |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | second sultan of the Ayyubids in Egypt (1193–1198) |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1171 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Cairo |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 29, 1198 |