Alexander Nikolajewitsch von Lüders
Alexander Nikolajewitsch von Lüders (( Russian Александр Николаевич Людерс ); born January 26, 1790 in the Podolia Governorate , † February 13, 1874 in Petersburg ) was a Russian general.
Life
Alexander Nikolajewitsch von Lüders, originally from a German family, was the son of Major General Nikolai Iwanowitsch Lüders (1760-1823), chief of the Okhotsk regiment and most recently in command of Chotin and Sofija Ivanovna, née Faskil. A brother Konstantin Nikolajewitsch (1802–1861) also rose to major general and was commander of the Zhitomir Jäger Regiment.
Alexander Nikolajewitsch joined the Russian army in 1805 , fought at Austerlitz against Napoléon , lived in the war in Finland in 1808, the campaign in Turkey in 1810 and the campaigns from 1812 to 1814, fought with distinction in the Turkish war from 1828 to 1829 and did distinguished himself as a brigade commander in the Polish campaign because of the November uprising of 1831, especially during the storming of Warsaw .
Promoted to lieutenant general, he was chief of staff in the 2nd Infantry Corps for several years until he was given command of the 5th Infantry Corps in 1837. As a general of the infantry he fought in the Caucasus from 1844 to 1845 and in 1848, in conjunction with Omar Pasha, suppressed the insurrection of the Romanians in the Danube principalities .
On June 19, 1849 ( Revolution of 1848-49 in the Empire of Austria ), he came through the Red Tower Pass in Transylvania a conquered Sibiu , struck the General Bem on July 31 in Sighisoara and forced in Deva and Szibi the insurgents to surrender.
At the beginning of the Crimean War, he entered Moldova in July 1853. On March 24, 1854, he crossed the Danube and reached Silistra on May 16, but had to leave the army due to illness. After his recovery, he was appointed commander of the Southern Army in March 1855 and was given supreme command in the Crimea in January 1856.
Here he concluded the armistice with the Allies , then, threatened with blindness , resigned himself and traveled to France and Italy in the spring of 1857 to heal himself . In 1861 he became governor ( Namiestnik ) of Poland, appeared there with great severity and, when the government wanted to follow a different system, was recalled to the rank of count.
But before he left, he received a serious wound from an assassination attempt on June 17, 1862, which he went to Germany to heal. He spent the last part of his life partly in Odessa, partly on his estates in Podolia.
Web links
literature
- Jaromir Hirtenfeld : The military Maria Theresa order and its members . Vienna 1857, pp. 1724–1725
Individual evidence
- ^ Lüders, Alexander Nikolajewitsch, Graf . In: Brockhaus Konversations-Lexikon 1894–1896, Volume 11, p. 336.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Lüders, Alexander Nikolajewitsch von |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Людерс, Александр Николаевич (Russian) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian general |
| DATE OF BIRTH | January 26, 1790 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Podolia Governorate |
| DATE OF DEATH | February 13, 1874 |
| Place of death | Petersburg |