Red Tower Pass
| Red Tower Pass ( valley pass ) |
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|---|---|---|---|
 Watercolor by Miklós Barabás, 1831 |
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| Compass direction | north | south | |
| height | 352 m | ||
| circle | Sibiu | Vâlcea | |
| Waters | Olt | ||
| Valley locations | Tălmaciu | Câineni | |
| expansion | Pass road | ||
| particularities | Valley pass | ||
| map | |||
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| Coordinates | 45 ° 32 '55 " N , 24 ° 16' 17" E | ||
The Rote-Turm-Pass (also Rotenturm Pass , Roterturmpass , Roth Thurm Pass and Roter Turm-Pass , formerly Trajanspforte , Romanian Pasul Turnu Roșu , Hungarian Vöröstoronyi-szoros ) is a breakthrough valley and a valley pass in the central part of the Southern Carpathians .
geography
The pass, which runs from north to south, is located south of Hermannstadt ( Romanian Sibiu , Hungarian Nagyszeben ). The most important trade routes in Transylvania met at the northern end of the pass in the Middle Ages . The pass was used as a link to Wallachia . The pass road connects the Transylvanian highlands with the Danube lowlands. Its exceptionally low pass height of only 352 meters , despite the near-summit Moldoveanu ( 2544 m ) lies in the fact that the Red Tower Pass the breakthrough of the river Olt (dt. Old ) used. The valley and pass separate the Zibins Mountains in the west from the Făgăraș Mountains in the east.
history
The pass used to be of great strategic importance. In ancient times, the small Roman fort Caput Stenarum was located at the northern end and the military camp Castra Traiana at the southern end . During the Turkish Wars, the Ottoman armies broke into Transylvania several times from the south at this point. The Ottoman armies were defeated here in 1442 by Johann Hunyadi and in 1493 by Stephan von Thalegd . In 1770 the plague came to Transylvania via the Red Tower Pass. The plague doctor Adam Chenot set up a Kontumaz in the Red Tower Pass to prevent the disease from spreading. In 1849, during the Hungarian Revolution of 1848/1849, the Russians invaded Transylvania at the Red Tower Pass . During the First World War , heavy fighting over the pass took place from September 26 to November 24, 1916.
Georg Fürst composed the piece of music Red Tower Pass March for this location .
Today the European route 81 leads over the pass from Sibiu via Râmnicu Vâlcea to Bucharest . This busy Drum național 7 is to be replaced by the A1 motorway by 2023 at the latest .
The remains of the Red Tower, a red-painted fortification that used to house a customs office, are still there today.
Picture gallery
Red Tower Pass, view of the Olt River
Remains of the Red Tower fortification
Memorial plaque of the Alpine Corps before 1919
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ universal_lexikon.de , Academic dictionaries and encyclopedias
- ↑ a b c retrobibliothek.de , Meyers Konversationslexikon
- ↑ eastern-images.de ( Memento from September 21, 2013 in the Internet Archive ), Fritz Kraus: Roter Turm und Cozia
- ↑ Arnold Huttmann : Medicine in Ancient Transylvania , Hora Sibiu / Sibiu 2000, p 317, with the figure wins Forfeits in the Red Tower Pass , copper engraving by Louis Rohbock, about 1850th
- ↑ Erich von Falkenhayn: The campaign of the 9th Army against the Romanians and Russians 1916/17 . ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1921, p. 47ff ( online version )
- ↑ Red Tower Pass March , German Society for Military Music eV