Alpine mother-of-pearl butterfly

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Alpine mother-of-pearl butterfly
Boloria thore.jpg

Alpine mother-of-pearl butterfly ( Boloria thore )

Systematics
Class : Insects (Insecta)
Order : Butterflies (Lepidoptera)
Family : Noble butterfly (Nymphalidae)
Subfamily : Heliconiinae
Genre : Boloria
Type : Alpine mother-of-pearl butterfly
Scientific name
Boloria thore
( Huebner , 1803)

The alpine mother-of-pearl butterfly ( Boloria thore ) or mountain forest mother-of-pearl butterfly is a butterfly (day butterfly ) from the noble butterfly family (Nymphalidae). The specific epithet is derived from Thor , the Nordic god of thunder.

features

butterfly

The wing tops of the butterflies, which have a wingspan of about 28 to 34 millimeters, are usually light brown to orange-brown in color and criss-crossed by a pattern consisting of coarse, black, partially fused points and lines. This is particularly pronounced near the submarginal region of the hind wings. The rust-red colored underside of the hind wing is also characteristic, interrupted by a few irregular yellowish drawing elements.

Egg, caterpillar

The yellow-white egg has 19 longitudinal ribs. The caterpillars are black-brown in color, have large yellowish spots on the sides and short dark gray bristles.

Similar species

The Alpine mother-of-pearl butterfly is particularly similar to the following two species:

  • Similar mother-of-pearl butterfly ( Boloria napaea ). The upper side of the wings of the males in this species is colored more brightly orange-brown, while the females, which are generally darker in the basic color, show a less extensive and finer pattern.
  • Meadowsweet mother-of-pearl butterfly ( Brenthis ino ). Their moths are only similar to the Northern European specimens of B. thore , but are generally more brightly orange-brown in color and more finely drawn.

The underside of the hind wing of B. thore is also more or less similar to the species of raised bog mother-of-pearl butterfly ( Boloria aquilonaris ), nacre-root mother-of-pearl butterfly ( Boloria titania ), grass-fed mother-of-pearl butterfly ( Boloria dia ), alpine moss mother-of-pearl butterfly ( Boloria pales ) and Boloria graeca . However, all of these aforementioned species have less pronounced dark markings on the upper side of the forewing.

distribution and habitat

The species occurs in Fennoscandia , (north of the 62nd parallel ), the Alps as well as northern Asia and Japan . It is found predominantly at altitudes between 800 and 1800 meters in damp mixed deciduous forests and valleys as well as brook banks.

Way of life

The moths live in one generation from late June to August. Fly preferably in shady or semi-shady places and like to take food from various flowers such as alpine ragwort ( Senecio alpinus ), Forest scabious ( Knautia dipsacifolia ) or marsh thistle ( Cirsium palustre ) on. The caterpillars live on low plants, but prefer violet species ( Viola ) and usually overwinter twice. They can also be grown with pansies ( Viola tricolor ) without any problems .

Danger

The species occurs in Germany in the Bavarian Alpine foothills and the Alps, where it is classified in category 3 (endangered) on the Red List of Endangered Species . There is also an occurrence in the extreme southeastern tip of Baden-Württemberg , where it has the status R (species with geographical restriction).

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Arnold Spuler: The butterflies of Europe . tape 1 . E. Schweitzerbartsche Verlagbuchhandlung, Stuttgart 1908, p. 28 .
  2. ↑ Walter Forster , Theodor A. Wohlfahrt : The butterflies of Central Europe. Volume 2: Butterflies. (Rhopalocera and Hesperiidae). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1955, DNB 456642188 .
  3. ^ A b Günter Ebert, Erwin Rennwald: The butterflies of Baden-Württemberg, Volume 1, Tagfalter I. Ulmer Verlag Stuttgart 1993. ISBN 3-800-13451-9
  4. ↑ Hans-Josef Weidemann: Butterfly: observe, determine , Naturbuch-Verlag Augsburg 1995, ISBN 3-894-40115-X
  5. ↑ Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (Ed.): Red List of Endangered Animals in Germany. Landwirtschaftsverlag, Münster 1998, ISBN 978-3-896-24110-8

literature

  • Günter Ebert, Erwin Rennwald: The butterflies of Baden-Württemberg Volume 1, Tagfalter I. Ulmer Verlag Stuttgart 1993. ISBN 3-800-13451-9
  • Hans-Josef Weidemann: Butterfly: observe, determine , Naturbuch-Verlag Augsburg 1995, ISBN 3-894-40115-X

Web links

Commons : Alpen-Perlmuttfalter  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files