Ammonium phosphate

Structural formula
General
Surname	Ammonium phosphate
other names	tert -ammonium phosphate Triammonium phosphate Triammonium orthophosphate
Molecular formula	(NH 4 ) 3 PO 4
Brief description	white powder with a pungent ammonia-like odor
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 10124-31-9 (x-ammonium phosphate) 10361-65-6 (triammonium phosphate) 25447-33-0 (triammonium phosphate trihydrate) EC number 233-793-9 ECHA InfoCard 100.030.709 PubChem 159282 ChemSpider 140090 Wikidata Q423820
properties
Molar mass	149.12 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	1.61 g cm −3
solubility	good in water (580 g l −1 at 20 ° C)
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances Caution H and P phrases H: 315-319-335 P: 261-305 + 351 + 338
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Ammonium phosphate (more precisely triammonium phosphate ) is an ammonium salt of phosphoric acid . It forms readily water-soluble crystals as a trihydrate.

In addition to triammonium phosphate, there are also mono-ammonium phosphate (NH ₄ ) H ₂ PO ₄ , di-ammonium phosphate (NH ₄ ) ₂ HPO ₄ and ammonium polyphosphates [NH ₄ PO ₃ ] _n .

presentation

Ammonium phosphate can be produced by reacting diammonium hydrogen phosphate with gaseous ammonia .

It is also possible to display it by neutralizing ammonia with phosphoric acid :

${\displaystyle \mathrm {3\ NH_{3}+H_{3}PO_{4}\longrightarrow (NH_{4})_{3}PO_{4}} }$

properties

Ammonium phosphate is unstable in the solid state. It breaks down with the release of ammonia . The trihydrate forms crystals with the space group P 2 ₁ / c (space group no. 14) .

use

Ammonium phosphate and ammonium polyphosphates are used as flame retardants and fire protection coatings.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c} data sheet Triammonium Phosphate at hmlindia.com (PDF; 209 kB), accessed on October 13, 2019.
2. ^ ^{A b} A. F. Holleman , E. Wiberg , N. Wiberg : Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry . 101st edition. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 1995, ISBN 3-11-012641-9 .
3. ↑ ^{a b} Serox: ammonium phosphate
4. ↑ D. Mootz, H. Wunderlich: The crystal structure of (NH ₄ ) ₃ PO ₄ .3H ₂ O, triammonium orthophosphate trihydrate. In: Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry. 26, pp. 1826-1835, doi : 10.1107 / S056774087000496X .
5. ↑ Agency for renewable raw materials: Market overview - insulating materials made from renewable raw materials , see table on p. 29; accessed in September 2016.