Analysis fidei

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The Analysis fidei ( latin "faith investigation") is in the field of Barockscholastik resulting question of the ultimate certainty reason the Roman Catholic faith . The central problem is the clarification of the relationships between the "certitudo super omnia" , the certainty of the object of belief that goes beyond everything, and the subjective appropriation of the belief content ( fides quae ), in an execution for which the forum of autonomous reason is responsible ( fides qua ).

history

Analysis fidei is the theological answer to the challenges of modern times ( analysis scientia ). For the Catholic theology of the sixteenth century the problem arose of having to name the reasons for the truth of the Catholic faith. It was a reaction to the challenge posed by the Reformation . All of a sudden there were competing churches in Europe and thus competing claims to truth that the Catholic Magisterium could no longer decide with its authority. The truth (certainty) of the Catholic faith should therefore only be shown with means of reason (see also rationalism ).

The term analysis fidei appears for the first time in Gregor von Valentia († 1603). Francisco Suárez and Juan de Lugo made significant contributions. John Henry Newman (1801–1890) and Pierre Rousselot (1878–1915) were able to overcome the aporias of the dispute over grace through their work . The designs of the 19th century remained trend-setting in their approach, but their proposed solutions were generally not convincing. All theories took refuge in reason in a part of the supernatural. In so doing, grace replace what reason lacks in insight. The impressive problem level of Analysis fidei (according to a well-known dictum by Joseph Kleutgen, a “ torture of the scholars of God”) was thereby undermined.

Only at the beginning of the 20th century and when dealing with new philosophical currents did new beginnings come about. Pierre Rousselot suggested a "lumen fidei" and thus fell back on older proposed solutions. But he went beyond this by identifying the knowledge of credibility and the certainty of belief with one another. More recent works on analysis fidei, for example by Achim Schütz and Markus Tomberg , attempt to evaluate the self-reflection of freedom for the theology of faith.

Modern analytical philosophy and theology treats the problem under the title "properly basic beliefs" ( Alvin Plantinga ).

See also

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Joseph Kleutgen: The theology of the past. Third supplement . Münster 1876, p. 136 .