Anathallis

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Anathallis
Anathallis rubens

Anathallis rubens

Systematics
Order : Asparagales (Asparagales)
Family : Orchids (orchidaceae)
Subfamily : Epidendroideae
Tribe : Epidendreae
Sub tribus : Pleurothallidinae
Genre : Anathallis
Scientific name
Anathallis
Barb.Rodr.

The genus anathallis the family of orchid (Orchidaceae) comprises about 170 species of plants , all of which occur in South and Central America. The small plants grow mainly epiphytically .

description

The species of this genus form upright, slender shoots on a creeping rhizome , covered by one to three sheathed lower leaves. The shoots can be close together or separated by longer rhizome sections. Each shoot has a leaf , which is oval to lanceolate in shape, with two to three-cell hairs. The leathery leaf is connected to the shoot via a petiole; a separating tissue is located in the petiole so that a remnant of the petiole (the annulus ) remains on the shoot when the leaf falls off.

The racemose , sometimes single-flowered inflorescence appears terminal, often from a small flower sheath. The sepals of the resupinate flowers are oval to lanceolate, pointed to elongated, often hairy or papilose on the inside. The lateral sepals can be free or grown together. The lateral petals are smaller than the sepals, sometimes only thread-shaped. The lip is oval and rounded. At the base it is narrowed and fused with the column over a foot . The column is winged and arches at the top the stamen with a cap ( clinandrium ). The stamen sits at the end of the column, is bent down towards the column axis and contains two pollinia .

In the case of Anathallis sclerophylla , a wide variety of insects were observed as flower visitors ( Drosophila , wasps, mushroom flies ( Sciaridae ) and beetles), without it being possible to determine whether these caused pollination.

distribution

The species of the genus Anathallis occur from southern Mexico and the Caribbean southwards through Central America over the northern half of South America to Bolivia, Brazil and Argentina. There they grow as epiphytes in moist forests at altitudes of 200 to 2700 meters. Terrestrial species are also rare.

Anathallis adenochila
Anathallis articulata
Anathallis bocainensis
Anathallis dolichopus
Anathallis guimaraensii
Illustration by: I: Anathallis liparanges (middle right), II: Myoxanthus exasperatus (left), III: Anathallis obovata (right above), IV: Anathallis nectarifera (middle below)
Anathallis linearifolia
Anathallis microphyta
Illustration of: I-III: Restrepia species, IV-V: Platystele and Trichosalpinx , VI: Anathallis minutalis (bottom right) and VII: Stelis porpax
Anathallis modesta
Anathallis obovata
Anathallis ourobranquensis
Anathallis pubipetala
Anathallis rudolfii
Anathallis sclerophylla
Illustration from: I-III: Anathallis linearifolia (left center, left top, center top), IV: Anathallis spiculifera (right)
Anathallis tigridens
Anathallis welteri

Systematics

The genus Anathallis was established by João Barbosa Rodrigues as early as 1877 , but was not used for a long time because the species were counted to the related genus Pleurothallis . Due to genetic studies, the species from the subgenus Specklinia , section Muscosae and the subgenus Acuminatia from the genus Pleurothallis were separated and combined under the already existing name Anathallis . The closest relatives are in the genera Frondaria , Lepanthes , Trichosalpinx and Zootrophion . Other related genera can be found in the subtribe Pleurothallidinae .

The following types are known:

supporting documents

  • Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip Cribb, Mark W. Chase: Genera Orchidacearum . Vol. 4/1: Epidendroidae (Part one) . P. 331ff. Oxford University Press, 2005. ISBN 0198507127

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Anathallis. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved April 4, 2020.
  2. ↑ Alec M. Pridgeon, Rodolfo Solano, Mark W. Chase (2001): Phylogenetic relationships in Pleurothallidinae (Orchidaceae): combined evidence from nuclear and plastid DNA sequences . American Journal of Botany. 88: 2286-2308 Online, accessed February 15, 2008

Web links

Commons : Anathallis  - album with pictures, videos and audio files