fishing hook
The fish hook is an important part in angling fishing .
It is used to attach the fishing lure and to hold a caught fish on the line. Fish hooks come in many different shapes and sizes. The parts of the hook are called the head, thigh, bow, point and possibly barb . Fishhooks are mostly made of metal, when spin fishing there is a lead ball or lead weight in various shapes between the eyelet / plate (which are used to hold the fishing line, possibly a leader), which control how the bait is then in the water.
history
The oldest known fragment of a fishing hook is between 16,000 and 23,000 years old and was found in 2011 in the Jerimalai Cave in what is now East Timor . The hook was made from the shell of a sea snail and is four centimeters long. It was used for fishing in the coastal waters, which at that time became richer in fish due to the formation of coral reefs.
In a grave on Alor northwest of Timor , five fishhooks were found under the chin and jaw of a woman, dated to an age of 12,000 years. The hooks from the Pleistocene , like the older Timorese, are made from the shell of a sea snail. Although older hooks from Japan and Europe are also known in addition to the Timorese , this is the oldest find of fishhooks as grave goods.
In Europe, the first fishhooks from the late Paleolithic (approx. 12,500-9,700 BC) are known. Only from the Mesolithic (approx. 9600-5500 BC) is a large number of fishhooks made from deer antlers (sites Bois-Ragot, Pont d'Ambon, both France) or bones.
From the late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age , a few specimens made of beaten flint have survived in the Baltic Sea region , but these have always been an exception to fishhooks made from bones and antlers.
functionality
After the fish has picked up the bait, the fishing rod is pulled up with a jerk ("hit", a "hit" is set) whereupon the hook bores into the mouth of the fish. The barb, which is attached to many hooks just behind the point in the opposite direction, ensures that the fish can no longer easily shake off the hook.
In the meantime, a special hook has been developed in Norwegian professional fisheries, which makes the jerky pulling of the fishing rod and thus the fishing line unnecessary. In addition, such a procedure is technically not feasible in professional hook fishing ( longline fishing ).
This hook has a round arch and a point that is clearly inwardly curved towards the thigh. A jerky pull on the fishing line would even pull this hook out of the fish's mouth. Rather, it is caught by the fact that the fish pulls the hook into the corner of its mouth while swimming away after picking up the bait and thus "hooks" it. A particular advantage is that the hook usually hooks in the corner of the mouth and is not swallowed, which ensures quick and gentle removal.
The hook means that the angler has to rethink when the fish has accepted the bait (not a "hit"!). In addition, the tip of this hook must not be covered by the bait; the space between the tip of the hook and the leg must remain "free".
These hooks are known and advertised under the designation "Kreisbogenhaken", "circle-hook", sometimes also "Heilbutthaken".
This hook has proven to be very "catchy" and safe.
The hook loosener removes the fish hook from the fish's mouth.
Sizes
There are many sizes of hooks on the market. A distinction is made between two groups: "Small hooks" and "Big hooks". The size of small hooks is written with a number (e.g. 6 or 14). The larger the number, the smaller the hook. The size of large hooks is written with a number followed by "/ 0" (e.g. 1/0 or 7/0). The larger the number, the larger the hook. Sizes from 9/0 are rarely used in fresh water. For large predatory fish such as pike and pikeperch , hooks of sizes 1 - 6/0 are used. For carp and tench angling , sizes from 4 to 20 are used. For trout , sizes from 5 to 9 are common.
Shapes and designs
Fish hooks come in different designs. For example, the worm hook has one to three protruding spikes on its thigh that prevent the worm being offered as bait from sliding off the hook. Fishhooks come in two shapes: the arched hook and the limerick hook. With the arched hook, the arch (lowest section of the hook) is round like a semicircle and the arch of the limerick hook is slightly asymmetrical. There are also special hook shapes for fishing with the Carolina rig or drop-shot rig (e.g. with a worm or rubber fish as bait), such as the offset hook (in the upper picture the large one in the middle) and the drop Shot hooks with a bend just behind the eyelet or plate so that the bait covers the hook tip, but is still straight and retains a natural shape.
In some fishing clubs and countries, only Jamison hooks are allowed for fishing. These have no barbs. That is why Jamison hooks are also referred to as "soft hooks". Jamison hooks are mainly used in fly fishing.
With a triple hooks , even Drilling called, is a fish hook shape for catching predators is intended. The peculiarity of the triple hook is that three single hooks are welded to each other at the legs, usually at the same angle, resulting in a larger hook that is more promising for catching predatory fish.
swell
- Heintges learning system: Safe through the fishing test - equipment knowledge
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ S. O Connor, R. Ono, C. Clarkson: Pelagic Fishing at 42,000 Years Before the Present and the Maritime Skills of Modern Humans. In: Science. 334, 2011, pp. 1117-1121, doi : 10.1126 / science.1207703 .
- ^ Adelaide Now: World's first anglers hooked in Timor , November 26, 2011
- ↑ Sue O'Connor, Mahirta, Sofía C. Samper Carro, Stuart Hawkins, Shimona Kealy, Julien Louys, Rachel Wood. Fishing in life and death: Pleistocene fish-hooks from a burial context on Alor Island, Indonesia. Antiquity, 2017; 91 (360): 1451, doi: 10.15184 / aqy.2017.186 .
- ↑ Bernhard Gramsch, Jonas Beran, Susanne Hanik, Robert S. Sommer: A Palaeolithic fishhook made of ivory and the earliest fishhook tradition in Europe. In: Journal of Archaeological Science. 40, 2013, pp. 2458-2463, doi : 10.1016 / j.jas.2013.01.010 .
- ↑ Clemens Pasda : The bone device from the late Paleolithic discovery site Kleinlieskow in Niederlausitz. An essay on the Stone Age fish hook. In: Time Spaces. Commemorative letter for Wolfgang Taute. Bonn, Habelt-Verlag, 2001, pp. 397-408
- ↑ Bernhard Gramsch : The Mesolithic in the lowlands between the Elbe and the Oder. Publications of the Museum for Pre- and Early History Potsdam 7. Berlin, 1973
- ↑ Hakenkunde / Hakenfibel 02 (fishing hook) - Netzangler.de. In: www.netzangler.de. Retrieved June 9, 2016 .
- ↑ CORMORAN Angelsport - Angellexikon - Fishing tackle and accessories. In: www.cormoran.de. Retrieved June 9, 2016 .