Angelica Balabanova

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Angelika Balabanova (left) and David Ben Gurion (right) (1962)

Angelica Balabanova , also Balabanoff, (originally Анжелика Исааковна Балабанова / Anselika Issaakowna Balabanowa ; born May 8, 1869 in Chernigov ; † November 25, 1965 in Rome ) was an internationally active socialist politician and publicist.

Life

Angelica Balabanova studied in Brussels , where she got to know communist ideas. She moved to Rome and began organizing immigrant textile workers. She became chairman of the Partito Socialista Italiano (PSI) and was in close contact with the Russian revolutionary movement and was also a companion of Mussolini , who was editor-in-chief of the socialist newspaper Avanti . When the latter developed into a warmonger, she turned away from him before the beginning of the First World War . Balabanoff worked on the executive committee of the Socialist Women's Union and organized women's congresses with Clara Zetkin . During the First World War she moved to the left within the labor movement and took part in the Zimmerwald conference , where she spoke out against the truce policy.

After the Russian Revolution she moved to Russia and in 1919 worked as the secretary of the Communist International . She became a critic of the Bolsheviks and returned to Italy . Due to the increasing influence of fascism in Italy, she went into exile in Switzerland , where in 1928 she played Paris Avanti! issued. She was one of the leading figures of the international left-wing socialist associations known as the Paris and London offices . She lived in the United States during the Second World War. After the Partito Socialista Italiano split in 1947, it belonged to the Partito Socialista dei Lavoratori Italiani (PSLI) and later to the Partito Socialista Democratico Italiano . She continued to be involved in international socialist activities until her age deterred her from it from 1964 onwards.

Your written estate is looked after by the Internationaal Instituut voor Sociale Geschiedenis in Amsterdam .

Works (selection)

  • The Zimmerwald Movement, 1914–1919 (1926)
  • Education of the Masses in Marxism: Psychological-Pedagogical Considerations (1927)
  • Memories and Experiences (1927)
  • Nature and development of Italian fascism (1931)
  • My life as a rebel (1938)
  • Impressions of Lenin (1964) illustrated by Quentin Fiore
  • Lenin, or: The end justifies the means, Berlin: Dietz Verlag, 2013 (revised edition of the translation from 1961)

literature

  • Johann Wolfgang Brügel : In memoriam Angelica Balabanoff . In: Rote Revue 45 (1966), H. 1 (January), pp. 1-8, online .
  • Nancy G. Eshelman: Angelica Balabanoff and the Italian socialist movement: from the Second International to Zimmerwald , Diss. Phil. University of Rochester, 1977.
  • Maria Lafont: The Strange Comrade Balabanoff: The Life of a Communist Rebel , Jefferson (North Carolina): McFarland 2016.
  • Marc Vuilleumier: Angelica Balabanoff. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . December 23, 2002 , accessed October 9, 2018 .
  • Movimento femminile socialdemocratico (ed.): In memoria di Angelica Balabanoff 1869-1965 , Roma [1965].

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Balabanova, Angelica
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Balabanoff, Angelica; Balabanowa, Anselika Issaakovna
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian politician and publicist
DATE OF BIRTH May 8, 1869
PLACE OF BIRTH Chernihiv
DATE OF DEATH November 25, 1965
Place of death Rome