Sound table
The initials table is a table of letters with pictures for learning to write and read (acquisition of written language ).
Initial table
description
In an initial sound table, all typical (meaning-distinguishing) sounds ( phonemes ) of a language are listed in writing (i.e. with the help of the letters / graphemes assigned to the sounds ) together with an initial sound image. Next to each sound there is at least one object whose name begins with this sound. Is there a letter several ways a debate, both possibilities are represented by two different images in general, for example, a "duck-image" next to the character "E" for short pronounced [ ɛ ] , a "Donkey picture" for the long pronounced [ eː ]. With the help of an initial table, the student can put together the typeface of a word sound by sound. When using the sound table, the children learn how language is written. You will learn how to assign sounds to letters, how to break down a word into its sound components and how to spell it accurately. When writing with the sound table, the Abc-Schützen combine hearing sounds with the visualization of signs (graphemes). The children experiment with letters and sounds and thus open up writing and, ultimately, writing and reading. Knowledge of the phonetic structure of language, i.e. the ability to recognize initial sounds , initial sounds , final sounds, to form a word from sounds (word synthesis) or to break down a word into its sounds (word analysis), is beneficial in children Linguistic and phonological awareness .
The sound table is used as a central tool in the learning method “reading by writing” (developed by the educator Jürgen Reichen ). The children write their own words with the help of the table of sounds and should learn to read over time.
Example: Orbis sensualium pictus
As early as 1658, Johann Amos Comenius added a table of sounds to his Orbis sensualium pictus . Each letter is assigned the image of an animal that makes the corresponding sound. This made the table internationally applicable.
| Orbis pictus: Alphabet (A to M) | Orbis pictus: Alphabet (N to Z) |
|---|---|
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Example: Newer sound table
For the acquisition of written language in preschools and elementary schools, sound tables like the following are used:
Keyboard
Meanwhile, there are “ speaking ”, multimedia word processing programs for children with an integrated “sound table keyboard ” for entering text. Initial sounds can also often be found on the keys of educational computers for children. In addition, there are illustrated standard PC keyboards with pictograms that represent the initial sound on each letter key . With the help of decals or stickers, a loud keyboard can be made from any normal computer keyboard.
Initial sound examples
| Initial sounds | Frequently used initial words or initial images in initial sound tables |
|---|---|
| A. | Monkey, ant, traffic light, apple, orange, doctor, branch |
| B. | Excavator, train station, ball, banana, bench, tree, bear, bee, flower, book |
| C. | Circus, clown, computer |
| D. | Roof, dachshund, dolphin, dinosaur, domino, box, dragon |
| E. | Elephant, duck, donkey |
| F. | Bicycle, flag, barrel, feather, window, piglet, fish, fox |
| G | Fork, violin, giraffe, guitar, glass, grass |
| H | Rooster, hand, bunny, house, shirt, witch, honey, chicken, dog, hat |
| I. | Hedgehog, Indian, island |
| J | Jacket, hunter, jaguar, yo-yo, boy |
| K | Beetle, camel, kangaroo, cat, candle, cherry, button, cook, king, cake, cow, hospital, crocodile |
| L. | Llama, lamp, teacher, ladder, dragonfly, light, ruler, spoon, lion, magnifying glass |
| M. | Mouse, knife, Mickey Mouse, moon, shell, hat |
| N | Needle, nose, rhinoceros, nest, net, nut, Nutella |
| O | Fruit, oven, grandma, omnibus, grandpa, folder, Easter bunny |
| P | Package, palm tree, parrot, mushroom, penguin, brush, post, sweater |
| Q | Jellyfish, source |
| R. | Wheel, radio, rocket, umbrella, deer, knight, scooter, rose |
| S. | Saw, lake, sofa, sun |
| T | Cup, phone, tiger, table, pot, tractor, tower |
| U | UFO, watch, eagle owl, accident, undershirt, underpants |
| V | Vase, bandage, bird |
| W. | Whale, forest, water, cloud, workshop, cube, worm |
| X | Xaver, xylophone |
| Y | Yacht, Yak, Yeti, Yo-Yo, Ypsilon |
| Z | Tong, fence, zebra, tent, goat, lemon, zoo, train |
| Ä | Ear of wheat, apples, sleeves |
| Ö | Ovens, oil, oil sardine |
| Ü | No overtaking, surprise egg |
| AU | Eye, car |
| CH | Chinese, Chinese, Christmas tree |
| EGG | Egg, squirrel, lizard, ice, iceberg |
| EU | Owl, euro |
| PF | Pan, peacock, horse, arrow |
| QU | Jellyfish, spring, smoke |
| SCH | Sheep, scissors, ship, shoe |
| SP | Piggy bank, spear, mirror, spider |
| ST | Star, stone, star |
| Finals | Frequently used final words or final images in initial sound tables |
| … Ch | book |
| …he | ladder |
| ... ng | ring |
| … Ss | foot |
| ... ie | knee |
| Intro | Frequently used initial words or images in initial tables |
| ... ie | bee |
See also
literature
- F. Bross: Initial sound tables - blessing or curse in the acquisition of written language? In: Critical Edition . Journal for German Studies & Literature, 30, 2016, pp. 108–117.
- G. Thomé: About the conception of sound tables. Or: do we write with letters? In: H. Brüggelmann, H. Balhorn, I. Füssenich (ed.): At the edge of the writing. Between linguistic diversity and illiteracy . Libelle, Lengwil am Bodensee 1995, pp. 299-305.
- G. Thomé: Possibilities and limits of working with source tables . In: R. Valtin (Ed.): Learning to spell in grades 1–6. Basics and didactic aids . Primary School Association - Working Group Primary School, Frankfurt a. M. 2000, pp. 116-119.
Web links
- Sound table according to Reichen. Artep
- Reading by writing - a method developed by Jürgen Reichen . Teacher Online
- Acquisition of orthography: the initial table - a phonological approach . (Concepts in comparison)
- Criteria for the selection of sound tables. Spelling workshop
- The "sounding" table of sounds . Charlotte Salomon Elementary School