Anne-Pierre de Montesquiou-Fezensac

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Anne-Pierre de Montesquiou-Fezensac (born October 17, 1739 in Paris , † December 30, 1798 ibid) was a French politician, general, author, translator and member of the Académie française .

life and work

Anne-Pierre de Montesquiou came from a noble family in the south of France. He grew up at the court, embarked on a military career, and at 29 was Brigadier des Armés du Roi . In 1780 he was promoted to Maréchal de camp . From 1764 to 1766 he had a castle (with garden) built in Mauperthuis on an inherited estate by Claude-Nicolas Ledoux and an English park laid out by Hubert Robert and Alexandre-Théodore Brongniart . From the 1770s he became enthusiastic about literature and was elected to the Académie française (seat no. 16) in 1784.

In 1789 he took part in the Estates General as a member of the nobility , joined the Third Estate and was President of the Constituent Assembly from 13 to 29 March 1791 . He championed a constitutional monarchy and was the driving force behind the finance commission. From April 13 to October 7, 1792 he was army commander of the Armée du Midi , from October 8 to November 6, 1792 in command of the Armée des Alpes and from November 7 to 13, 1792 in command of the Armée de Savoie . Since he refused to occupy Geneva by force, he fell out of favor in Paris and fled to Bremgarten near Bern . There he stayed with the support of Bailiff Johann-Heinrich Hottinger (1734-1808) until the end of July 1795 under a false name and keeping away from the anti-revolutionary emigrants. He returned to Paris and was acted as minister of war or finance before dying of smallpox in 1798 at the age of 59. His name is immortalized on the Arc de Triomphe .

Works (selection)

  • Emilie ou les joueurs . Paris 1787.
    • (German) Emilie, or: The players . A comedy in five acts. Wolf, Leipzig 1799. (The editor is Ludwig Ferdinand Huber .)
  • (Translator) Quintin Craufurd : Esquisses de l'histoire, de la religion, des sciences et des moeurs des Indiens, avec un exposé très court de l'état politique actuel des puissances de l'Inde . 1791.
  • Mémoire on the finances . Paris 1792.
  • Coup d'oeil sur la Révolution française . Hamburg 1794.
    • (German) View of the French Revolution . Norderstedt 2016.
  • You gouvernement des finances de France, d'après les lois constitutionnelles et d'après les principes d'un gouvernement libre et représentatif . Paris 1797.

literature

  • Dorette Berthoud (1888–1975): Le Général et la romancière, 1792–1798. Épisodes de l'émigration française en Suisse, d'après les lettres du Général de Montesquiou à Mme de Montolieu. Éditions de La Baconnière, Neuchâtel 1959.
  • Jean-Paul Denef: Mauperthuis, un parc au siècle des lumières. Résonnances artistiques et littéraires . Denef, Biarritz 1992.
  • Clery Rivière: Mauperthuis. Un village de Brie au XVIIIe siècle . Picard, Paris 1939.
  • Pierre-Louis Roederer : Eloge historique de Montesquiou . Paris 1799. [1]

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Montesquiou-Fezensac, Anne-Pierre de
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Montesquiou-Fézensac, Anne-Pierre de
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French politician, general, author, translator and member of the Académie française
DATE OF BIRTH October 17, 1739
PLACE OF BIRTH Paris
DATE OF DEATH December 30, 1798
Place of death Paris