Armée du Midi
The Armée du Midi was a short-lived army at the time of the French Revolution , which in 1792 was still under orders from King Louis XVI. was set up.
Establishment and development 1792
The army existed only five months before it was split into a total of three armies. The establishment took place on April 13, 1792 by decree of the king. As early as October 1st, by order of the National Convention , the army was assigned to :
and the
- Armée des Pyrénées
divided up.
As early as November 1, 1792, again by order of the National Convention, the "Armée de Alpes" was incorporated into:
and the
- Armée de Savoie
divided.
After the incorporation of the Duchy of Savoy under the name of “Département du Mont-Blanc” into the French Republic, the “Armée de Savoie” was renamed “Armée des Alpes” by order of the National Convention on November 27 and 29.
The army was composed of the Gardes nationales of Arles , Marseilles , Beaucaire and Montpellier according to the corresponding contingent in these cities. Most of the soldiers, however, came from the Arles arrondissement . Furthermore, parts of the army came from the Isère department , the Gard department , the Bouches-du-Rhône department and the Var department . The Marquis de Montesquiou-Fézensac was responsible for the formation and command .
The Général d'Anselme , subordinate to the Général de Montesquiou as commander of a corps in the Var department, tried to become independent with his troops on September 30, 1792 under the name "Armée de Var", but failed with his project.
Another "Army du Midi" was set up on the occasion of the fighting in Spain ( Spanish War of Independence ) in 1810 under the command of Maréchal Soult . In 1812 the Général Gazan de la Peyrière took over the command on an interim basis until 1813.
This army (also called "Armée d'Andalousie") withdrew in 1813 after the defeat in the Battle of Vitoria over the Col de Roncevaux to France, where it was reorganized by Soult as the "Armée des Pyrénées".
In 1792 the following armies existed
Armée du Midi
- from April 13 to October 7, 1792: Army commander was Général de Montesquiou-Fézensac
Armée des Alpes
- from October 8 to November 6, 1792: Commandant Général de Montesquiou-Fézensac
Armée de Savoie
- From November 7th to 13th, 1792: Commandant Général de Montesquiou-Fézensac
- from November 13th to December 4th, commander by intérim: Général d'Ornac
Armée des Alpes
- from December 5 to 24, 1792: Commander by intérim: Général d'Ornac
- from December 25, 1792 to May 5, 1793: Commander Général Kellermann
literature
- Chef d'escadron d'état-major Charles Clerget, Tableaux des armées françaises pendant les guerres de la Révolution , sous la direction de la section historique de l'état-major de l'armée, librairie militaire R. Chapelot, Paris, 1905 .