Anton Stephan from Martini

Anton Stephan von Martini, lithograph by August Prinzhofer , 1847

Anton Stephan Ritter von Martini (* 1792 in Kesdi-Vasarhely, Transylvania , † December 28, 1861 ) was Vice Admiral , Feldzeugmeister and diplomat of the Austrian Empire .

Life

Martini's father was Major General Joseph von Martini, the commandant of the Timisoara Fortress . Martini joined the Infantry Regiment Baron Duka No. 39 of the Kuk Army as an officer candidate and was promoted to ensign in 1805. In 1809 he took part in battles near Scherm, Neumarkt, Aspern and Wagram and was promoted to first lieutenant because of his performance.

In 1812 he was employed as a member of the General Staff in the auxiliary corps of Prince Schwarzenberg. According to his planning, several hundred prisoners could be made in one battle near Freiberg, including General Brunot. When the cavalry corps of Prince Hohenzollern near Kehl crossed the Rhine, he also proved himself and was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Leopold Order . After the end of the war there were further general staff assignments in Tyrol and Italy,

In 1821 he was promoted to major in the General Staff. When Congress in Verona , he was in 1822 as a companion of Alexander I divided. In 1825 he worked as an Austrian commissioner to determine the road layout in Northern Italy. The mobilization of 1830 brought him to the position of chief of the general staff of the first mobile corps of the Italian army. Together with the envoy in Turin he was involved in negotiations with Piedmont and Sardinia. When the army of King Karl Albert was set up, he became chief of his general staff and was soon promoted to lieutenant colonel. He accompanied the papal nuncio in Switzerland when setting up the Swiss troops for the Pope.

In 1832 he became a colonel in the 32nd Infantry Regiment , and in October 1834 he was appointed Chief of the Army General Staff in Italy. During this time he proposed larger tents to accommodate the soldiers and a changed organization for training the soldiers. On October 22, 1838 he was promoted to major general and took command of a brigade in Italy until 1843. While traveling he was able to observe the military development in other European countries. In 1843 he became director of the Vienna Neustädter Academy and as such was promoted to field marshal lieutenant in 1846 .

In the following year he was promoted to Vice-Admiral and Commander-in-Chief of the Navy , without having ever been in sea service , at the same time he was appointed to the Privy Council . Already at the end of March 1847 he got caught in riots in Venice, during which he himself was captured and Colonel Marinovich was murdered. His imprisonment ended on July 25, and a little later he applied for re-entry into the land army. In February 1849 he handed over the naval command to the civil and military governor of Trieste and went to the Olomouc camp himself. From there he was sent as envoy to the Neapolitan court , where he presented his certification to King Ferdinand II in Gaeta on March 22, 1849 . He stayed in this office until 1860 and then asked to leave for health reasons. On this occasion he was promoted to Feldzeugmeister and awarded the Grand Cross of the Leopold Order.

literature

• Constantin von Wurzbach : Martini, Anton Stephan Ritter von . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . Band 17. Stock LC Zamarski, Vienna 1867, p 26 - 28
• Streffleur's military magazine . tape 3 . LW Seidel, 1862, Nekrolog: Anton Stephan Ritter von Martini kk Feldzeugmeister, p. 279–305 ( online in Google Book Search).
• Austrian military magazine . von Waldheim, 1862, Nekrolog: Anton Stephan Ritter von Martini kk Feldzeugmeister, p. 279–305 ( online in Google Book Search).

predecessor	Office	successor
Felix zu Schwarzenberg (until 1848)	Austrian envoy to the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies 1849–1860	Emerich Széchenyi