Araschnia

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Araschnia
Moth of the genus Araschnia from John Henry Leech's Butterflies from China, Japan and Corea, 1892

Moth of the genus Araschnia from John Henry Leech's Butterflies from China, Japan and Corea , 1892

Systematics
Class : Insects (Insecta)
Order : Butterflies (Lepidoptera)
Family : Noble butterfly (Nymphalidae)
Subfamily : Spotted butterfly (Nymphalinae)
Genre : Araschnia
Scientific name
Araschnia
Huebner , 1819
Araschnia burejana f. strigosa
Land map ( Araschnia levana f. Levana )

Araschnia is a genus of butterflies fromthe noble butterfly family (Nymphalidae). The moths are common in Europe and Asia and show a clear seasonal dimorphism . In Europe only the map ( Araschnia levana ) occurs.

description

The small butterflies are black and white or black and brown in color. The moths show a clear seasonal dimorphism between the spring and summer generations. The eyes are hairy, the labial palps shaggy, the antennae are flat, bulbous and thickened at the end and are about half the length of the forewings. These are right-angled triangular, in some species the apex is beveled and only slightly angular. The hind wings are broadly ovate with a slightly wavy outer edge.

The caterpillars have a pair on the head and many branched thorns on the body. The tumbling doll has small bumps and blunt tips of the head.

distribution

Except for the land map, which occurs from Spain to Korea , all other species occur only in Central and East Asia.

Way of life

The moths fly gracefully and swaying at the edges of forests and bushes or in clearings, like to sit on the ground or on the foliage of low bushes and shrubs with outspread wings. The caterpillars feed on nettles ( Urtica ).

species

  • Araschnia burejana ( Bremer , 1861), strigosa Butler 1866 is the spring form, fallax Janson , 1877 the summer form
  • Araschnia davidis Poujade , 1885 occurs in Tibet. Nothing is known about the way of life.
  • Araschnia dohertyi Moore , [1899] occurs in China and northern India.
  • Araschnia doris Leech , [1892], leechi Oberthür 1909 is the spring form, doris the summer form. zhangi Chou , 1994 is synonymous with the summer form. It occurs from west Sichuan eastwards to south-east China.
  • Araschnia levana ( Linnaeus , 1758), levana is the spring form, prorsa the summer form. Spread from Spain across Central and Northern Europe through Central Asia to Korea and Japan .
  • Araschnia oreas Leech , [1892], according to Seitz perhaps the summer form of davidis .
  • Araschnia prorsoides ( Blanchard , 1871) occurs in northern India , western China and Burma .

literature

  • The Palaearctic butterflies . In: Adalbert Seitz (ed.): The large butterflies of the earth . tape 1 . Alfred Kernen, Stuttgart 1909, p. 209 .
  • VK Tuzov, PV Bogdanov, SV Churkin, AV Dantchenko, AL Devyatkin, VS Murzin, GD Samodurov, AB Zhdanko: Libytheidae, Danaidae, Nymphalidae, Riodinidae, Lycaenidae . In: Guide to the Butterflies of Russia and adjacent territories . tape 2 . Pensoft, Sofia 2000, ISBN 954-642-095-6 , pp. 32 .
  • John Henry Leech: Butterflies from China, Japan and Corea , 1892-4, London, pp. 270f

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Seitz, p. 210
  2. ↑ Leech, pp. 270f
  3. ↑ a b c Zdenĕk Fric, Martin Konvička & Jan Zrzavy: Red & black or black & white? Phylogeny of the Araschnia butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) and evolution of seasonal polyphenism . In: Journal of Evolutionary Biology . tape 17 . Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2004, pp. 265–278 ( online [PDF; 550 kB ; accessed on February 4, 2009]).
  4. ^ SY Lang: Taxonomic notes on Araschnia doris Leech, 1892 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) from China . in Far East Entomologist , No. 204, 2010, ISSN 1026-051X pp. 1-5. Full article: PDF

Web links

Commons : Araschnia  - collection of images, videos and audio files