Schederhof workers' colony

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Schederhof workers' colony on an overview map of the Altendorf mayor from 1898 on a scale of 1: 5000; in the northeast is the Krupp cast steel factory in the Essen district, not shown here
The colony's playground south of today's Schederhofstrasse

The Schederhof workers 'colony was an early workers' settlement southwest of the Krupp cast steel factory . Erected from 1872 to 1873 by the Krupp company (from 1903 Friedrich Krupp AG ) for their workers, until it was incorporated into the city of Essen in 1901, it was on Holsterhauser territory, which until then belonged to the mayor's office of Altendorf .

history

In 1704 the Schederhof with 25  acres of land fell through an inheritance to the Roman Catholic women's order Augustinian Choir Women BMV . In 1864 the farm was sold to Krupp.

At the beginning of the 1860s, Alfred Krupp felt compelled to create living space himself for his steadily increasing number of workers in his rapidly expanding cast steel factory on the site of today's Krupp belt . A worsening housing shortage in Essen resulted from the immigration of workers for the Krupp industry, but also the emerging mining in the region. Thereupon Alfred Krupp set up an in-house construction office under the direction of the government master builder Gustav Kraemer .

The Schederhof workers' colony was one of the first residential construction activities of the Krupp company, which began with the construction of two so-called masters' houses in 1861/1862 and the Alt-Westend workers' colony in 1863, and after the end of the founding period in 1874, after the construction of the Nordhof colonies , Schederhof, Baumhof and Kronenberg , was discontinued for financial reasons. It was not until 1891 that new activities in Krupp housing construction began under Friedrich Alfred Krupp on a new scale with the Alfredshof and Altenhof settlements .

The Schederhof colony

The workers' colony developed by the leading architect in the Krupp construction office, Julius Rasch , who was also the site manager of Villa Hügel , and Alfred Krupp spread out on specially acquired land south of the Westend colony and south of the embankment of the Bergisch-Märkische railway line . It was a few hundred meters away from the cast steel factory, which could be reached using an underpass through the railway embankment.

First of all, due to the severe housing shortage in the two years 1872 and 1873, the western part of the colony was built in simple half-timbered construction. The 70 buildings together offered 280 two-room apartments, i.e. four apartments per house. They were also known as barracks . The barracks are no longer listed in the Essen city map from 1920.

Between the summer of 1872 and the end of 1873, 82 six-family houses with a total of 492 apartments were added, which consisted of two or three rooms. In contrast to the previous colonies and the western barracks houses, the majority of the apartments here were larger and had a toilet. The largest living area was in the area between Wilhelmstrasse, today's Schederhofstrasse, and the railway line. They were parallel, up to three-story rows of houses in up to five rows. These rows were interrupted roughly in the middle by a tree-lined market square, on which a weekly market was held by the Kruppsche Konsumanstalt from 1881 with the approval of the government of the German Empire .

Ultimately, the Schederhof colony had a total of 772 rental apartments. All communal facilities, the most extensive in the previous Krupp housing developments, were predominantly south of Wilhelmstrasse. This included a Protestant school, the Catholic elementary school Holsterhausen III, a household school, a pharmacy, a bachelor's home and a post office. The Kruppsche Konsumanstalt, a shop for employees, also had a slaughterhouse, a bakery, a coal shop, a restaurant with a bowling alley and outdoor area, and a grocery department. The allotment gardens at the southern end and a larger park southwest of the colony were another novelty in Krupp's residential construction. To the west of this park, two-storey half-timbered buildings with emergency apartments were built at the beginning of the Schederhof colony in 1872, which represented a provisional and primitive barrack solution, but still existed for several decades.

Current condition

There are no remains of the former workers' colony. After the Second World War , the area south of Schederhofstrasse developed into today's industrial area. The railway depot (Bw Essen Hbf) is now north of this street.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ BMV School Essen, History: From the founding in 1652 to the secularization in 1803 ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ; accessed on January 14, 2016  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bmv-essen.de
  2. ↑ Landkartenarchiv.de: Grieben City Map Essen 1920 ( Memento of the original from January 15, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ; accessed on January 14, 2016  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.landkartenarchiv.de
  3. ^ Digitalis uni-Cologne: Consum-Anstalt, page 36 ; accessed on July 11, 2018

Coordinates: 51 ° 27 ′ 0 ″  N , 6 ° 59 ′ 42 ″  E