Arholma
| Arholma | ||
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| Waters | Baltic Sea | |
| Geographical location | 59 ° 51 ′ N , 19 ° 7 ′ E | |
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Arholma is an island in the northern Stockholm archipelago . It is located in the municipality of Norrtälje .
history
Arholma was first mentioned in the 13th century as part of King Waldemar's sailing route . The island has been inhabited, at least periodically, since the Middle Ages. The former inhabitants lived mainly from hunting on seals and seabirds. From the middle of the 16th century there was a village on the island and from 1650 there were 7 lands. There are still many remains of original archipelago buildings on Arholma. Most are from the 19th century. These include, for example, Västbergs, Södergård, Bull-Augusts Gård and Simesgården. There is an old sea mark on the island from 1768.
The old boathouse in Österhamn is built similar to many others in Stockholm's Skärgård. All other old houses were burned down during the Russian devastation in 1719.
The high-lying church of Arholma, which was built in 1928, was called Michael's Church during the early years . In the interior of the church there are many artistic paintings that were made by the artist Harald Lindberg . Before 1928 the building was a mission chapel in Kronobergsparken on Kungsholmen in Stockholm. At that time this mission hut was called on Kungsholmen .
Many of the former residents were simple fishermen who also did a little farming on the side. Most of them owned their own boat . The houses of these early residents were mostly in Österhamn or on the nearby island of Björkö.
At the beginning of the 20th century, fishing became increasingly unprofitable. At this time, the island began to develop into a popular destination for the Stockholm population. In the beginning, the summer guests rented guest houses, but shortly afterwards they began to buy houses and apartments that were for sale.
In 1963, the Skärgårdsstiftelsen ( German archipelago foundation ) from Stockholm began to buy land on Arholma. These were then used to practice forestry and agriculture in the traditional way. As of 2007, this foundation owned around 25 percent of the total area of Arholma. In 1984 the foundation turned Bull-August Gård into a hostel which was then leased out. The current operators are Jeannette and Thomas Andersson.
Today about 40 people live on the island. In summer this number rises to over 500 due to the large number of guests.
nature
Most of the island is a nature reserve . The open cultural landscape is characterized by small farms and grazing animals. In the northern part of Arholma there is a natural old fir forest.
There is a good chance of spotting sea eagles on and around the island. The name Arnholma includes Arn . This is an old name for Örn ( German eagle ).
Battery Arholma
Arholma was part of a restricted military area that was located on Muskö . Foreigners were not allowed in this area. The coast with its many cliffs on the northern part of the island was home to part of Sweden's coastal forces. The position of the battery was blown up in the mountain in its time. The battery was put in place to replace an older position that had been built there during the First World War . The old position was called Havsbandslinjen . The area used by the military is partly on Arholma and partly on the nearby island of Övanskär.
The position was part of three batteries with four-inch guns in Stockholm's archipelago. These were built in the late 1950s. Each battery had two guns. The system on Arholma was completed in 1968. It was the first position in the country to be considered nuclear-safe. The battery on Arholma was abandoned at the beginning of the 21st century, but it has survived along with one of its guns. Today there is a museum there .
getting there
You can get to Arholma by taking a passenger ferry from Simpnäs to Björkö. This runs throughout the year and several times a day. In summer there are also boats from Stockholm and Norrtälje .
Web links
- Arholma.nu
- Arholma Skärgårdsstiftelsen
- Arholma vandrarhem Bull-August Gård
- Arholma North fd. military equipment
Individual evidence
- ↑ Route of the sailing route and the original text in Latin - Swedish
- ^ Report on the first inhabitants of Arholma. ( Memento of December 24, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) brfarholma.se (Swedish)
- ^ Report on the Russian devastation on Arholma. ( Memento from August 6, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) skargardsstiftelsen.se (Swedish)
- ↑ The Church on Arholma. (Swedish)
- ↑ The hostel on Arholma. ( Memento of the original from April 30, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. bullaugust.se (Swedish)
- ^ Website of the Arholma Battery. (Swedish)
