Aristida
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The plant genus Aristida belongs to the sweet grass family (Poaceae). It includes around 300 species.
description
Vegetative characteristics
The Aristida species are predominantly perennial (236 species), less often annual (54 species) herbaceous plants. These grasses usually do not form a rhizome ( 275 species), rarely a short (ten species) or a long rhizome (only three species). They usually form upright, unbranched stalks . The ligula is reduced to a fringe of hair in almost all species.
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Generative characteristics
The mostly terminal, paniculate inflorescences consist of mostly single, stalked spikelets, each containing a fertile flower. The flowers contain two lodiculae and three stamens . In many species there is the typical three-awn awn, from which the common English name "three-awn" is derived.
distribution
The genus Aristida is widespread in North and South America, Africa and Australasia .
Systematics
The genus Aristida belongs to the tribe Aristideae in the subfamily of the Aristidoideae within the sweet grass family (Poaceae).
There are around 300 species of Aristida . A complete list of species can be found at Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): World Checklist of Selected Plant Families = WCSP.
The best known type is:
- Aristida adscensionis L .; it is cosmopolitan in the tropics and subtropics, it also occurs in Europe on Crete and Sicily as well as in the southern parts of Spain and Italy. Carl von Linné first described this species in his work Species Plantarum on page 82in 1753and named it after the island of Ascension in the Atlantic. From this island he knew only four higher plant species and even later (until 1940) no more than 26 or 35 such species were known from Ascension.
literature
- Walter Erhardt , Erich Götz, Nils Bödeker, Siegmund Seybold: The great pikeperch. Encyclopedia of Plant Names. Volume 2. Types and varieties. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5406-7 .
- Thomas Gaskell Tutin : Aristida L. In: Thomas Gaskell Tutin et al .: Flora Europaea. Volume 5, Cambridge University Press 1980, ISBN 0-521-20108-X , page 254.
- Shou-liang Chen, De-Zhu Li, Guanghua Zhu, Zhenlan Wu, Sheng-lian Lu, Liang Liu, Zheng-ping Wang, Bi-xing Sun, Zheng-de Zhu, Nianhe Xia, Liang-zhi Jia, Zhenhua Guo, Wenli Chen, Xiang Chen, Guangyao Yang, Sylvia M. Phillips, Chris Stapleton, Robert J. Soreng, Susan G. Aiken, Nikolai N. Tzvelev, Paul M. Peterson, Stephen A. Renvoize, Marina V. Olonova, Klaus Ammann: Poaceae. : Aristida , pp. 453-454 - the same text online as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (eds.): Flora of China , Volume 22 - Poaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press , Beijing and St. Louis, 2006, ISBN 1-930723-50-4 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Aristida in WD Clayton, KT Harman, H. Williamson, (2006 onwards), GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora .
- ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Aristida. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved September 5, 2018.
- ↑ Sidney Fay Blake, Alice Cary Atwood: Geographical guide to the floras of the world. Part 1, 1940, page 86. Reprint Otto Koeltz, Koenigstein 1974.
Web links
- Aristida . In: U. Brunken, M. Schmidt, S. Dressler, T. Janssen, A. Thiombiano, G. Zizka: West African plants - A Photo Guide. Senckenberg Research Institute, Frankfurt am Main 2008.