Dark honey mushroom
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Dark honey fungus ( Armillaria ostoyae ) |
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| ( Romagn. ) Herink |
The Dark Hallimasch or Common Hallimasch ( Armillaria ostoyae , Syn. : A. polymyces , A. solidipes s AUCt.. ) Is a holzbewohnender agaric from the kind of honey mushrooms . It occurs from early summer to late autumn and colonizes both living and dead conifers.
features
Macroscopic features
The hat reaches a diameter of 3–10, sometimes up to 20 cm. It is hemispherical when young and arched to expanded with age. The surface is flesh-colored to reddish brown and covered with dark, wipeable scales. The edge is lighter colored, curved for a long time and later grooved. The whitish to light brownish lamellae are bulged or just grown. They are spotted reddish brown on older specimens. The whitish stems are up to 15 cm long and 2–3 cm in diameter. They are longitudinally fibrous and occasionally hollow with age. The meat is whitish and has a pleasant odor. The spore powder is white.
Microscopic features
The spores are approximately 6-10 x 5-7 micrometers in size.
meaning
Forest pest
In Switzerland, scientists from the Federal Research Institute for Forests, Snow and Landscape discovered the largest dark honey mushroom in Europe . The mushroom extends over a length of 500 and a width of 800 meters; the visible parts of the mushroom body belong to an extensive subterranean thread network. It represents one of the greatest threats to the Swiss National Park , as it kills mountain pines (mountain pines ).
In Malheur National Forest , Oregon , a copy of the size of about 9 square kilometers (965 hectares) and a weight of 600 tons was found. According to the current state of knowledge, the mushroom in Oregon is the largest mushroom on earth and, based on its area, is considered the largest living being on earth. Its age is estimated to be 2,400 years. As in the Swiss National Park, it attacks trees and kills them.
Food value
The dark honey mushroom is an edible mushroom that is not tolerated by everyone. In some people it causes flu-like symptoms. Like all Hallimasch species, it is indestructible and uncomfortable when raw and must therefore be cooked for at least 8 minutes.
See also
swell
Individual evidence
- ^ Scott A. Redhead, Jean Bérubé, Michelle R. Cleary, Ottmar Holdenrieder, Richard S. Hunt, Kari Korhonen, Helga Marxmüller, Duncan J. Morrison: (2033) Proposal to conserve Armillariella ostoyae (Armillaria ostoyae) against Agaricus obscurus, Agaricus occultans, and Armillaria solidipes (Basidiomycota) . In: International Association for Plant Taxonomy (Ed.): Taxon . tape 60 , no. 6 , December 2011, p. 1770-1771 .
- ↑ Tom W. May: Report of the Nomenclature Committee for Fungi - 201 . In: IMA Fungus . tape 8 , no. 1 , June 1, 2017, p. 189–203 , doi : 10.5598 / imafungus.2017.08.01.12 , PMID 28824847 .
- ↑ Harold H. Burdsall Jr., Thomas J. Volk: Armillaria solidipes, an older name for the fungus called Armillaria ostoyae . In: North American Fungi , Vol. 3, No. 7, 2008, ISSN 1937-786X , pp. 261–267, (PDF for download on the page; 465 kB), accessed on May 20, 2013.
- ^ A b Hans E. Laux: The great cosmos mushroom guide. All edible mushrooms with their poisonous doppelgangers. Kosmos, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-440-08457-4 .
- ↑ Largest mushroom in Switzerland ( Memento of the original from October 8, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Press release from the Federal Research Institute for Forests, Snow and Landscape (WSL). September 24, 2004, accessed May 20, 2013.
- ↑ Henning Engeln, Rainer Harf: Evolution: Neither plant nor animal. The forgotten realm of mushrooms ( Memento of the original from July 8, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . In: GEO compact , No. 23, 2010, ISSN 1614-6913 , p. 126, accessed on May 20, 2013.
- ↑ Katrin Mock: Mushrooms - natural wonders from the forest floor. Which is the largest living thing in the world? October 27, 2010. Article accompanying the program “Planet Wissen” from October 28, 2010. WDR, SWR and BR-alpha, accessed on May 20, 2013.
- ↑ Sascha Thewes: Mushrooms. Introduction to Microbiology. Institute for Biology - Microbiology, Berlin. (PDF; 2.34 MB), accessed on May 20, 2013.
