Arnost Kleinzeller

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Arnost Kleinzeller (born December 6, 1914 in Mährisch-Ostrau , † February 1, 1997 in Philadelphia ) was a Czech-American biochemist and physiologist.

Kleinzeller studied medicine at the University of Brno with a doctorate in 1938 (Dr. med.). Before the German occupation he fled to England (his father died in the Holocaust, his mother survived the Theresienstadt concentration camp). He continued his studies with Hans Adolf Krebs at the University of Sheffield , where he received his doctorate in biochemistry in 1952 (D.Ph.). He worked at Cambridge University and in 1946 went to the Czechoslovak Health Department as head of the cell metabolism laboratory. In 1948 he became a lecturer at the Technical University in Prague and in 1952 a lecturer in biochemistry at the University of Prague. From 1956 he headed the laboratory for cell metabolism of the Academy of Sciences of the CSSR in Prague. Here he tried to establish international contacts and in 1960 organized an international conference on membrane transport in cells. His efforts to establish international contacts brought him conflicts with the Communist Party in the CSSR. In 1966 he went to the USA as a visiting professor at the University of Rochester and in 1967 as a professor of physiology at the University of Pennsylvania . During the summers he did regular research at the Mount Desert Island Marine Biological Laboratory in Maine.

He dealt with the transport of electrolytes and sugars through cell membranes. His discovery that the blockage of the sodium pumps in the membrane of kidney cells does not immediately cause them to swell, met with disbelief at the time and delayed publication in the Journal of Physiology.

He was one of the editors of Current Topics in Membranes and Transports.

He was a US citizen. In 1966 he became a member of the Leopoldina . He was a fellow of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia.

literature

  • Winfried R. Pötsch (lead), Annelore Fischer, Wolfgang Müller: Lexicon of important chemists , Harri Deutsch 1989, p. 377
  • David W. Deamer, Arnost Kleinzeller, Douglas M. Fambrough (Eds.): Membrane Permeability: 100 years since Ernest Overton, Current topics in membranes, Volume 48, Academic Press, 1999 (with biography of Kleinzeller and his contribution: Charles Ernest Overton ´s concept of a cell membrane )

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Arnost Kleinzeller, a Physiologist, 82, Dies. In: The New York Times . February 16, 1997, accessed February 8, 2016 .
  2. ^ Member entry of Arnost Kleinzeller at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on February 8, 2016.
personal data
SURNAME Kleinzeller, Arnost
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kleinzeller, Arnošt
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Czech-American biochemist and physiologist
DATE OF BIRTH December 6, 1914
PLACE OF BIRTH Moravian-Ostrava
DATE OF DEATH February 1, 1997
Place of death Philadelphia