Arthur Dix

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Arthur Dix. Photo from 1905.

Arthur Dix (born November 30, 1875 on the Kölln manor in West Prussia , † March 25, 1935 in Berlin ) was a German economist and geopolitician . He emerged from the younger historical school of economics as a pupil of Gustav von Schmollers .

Live and act

One of his ancestors was the Dutch painter Adriaen van der Werff . His father Leo Dix was married to Betty Hagemann as a manor owner. After attending secondary school , he began studying political science in Berlin, Königsberg and Leipzig from 1895 to 1899. From 1897 he worked as an assistant at the political science seminar in Berlin. At the same time he also carried out an activity in the Reichsmarineamt .

Since 1899 he was on the editorial staff of the publication Nationalliberale Korrespondenz . A year later he moved to the editorial office of the National-Zeitung , where he was editor-in-chief from 1904 to 1905. In 1905 he became self-employed and founded Correspondence Deutscher Bote - National Newspaper Correspondence for Politics and Economics . From 1911 to 1920 he worked for the magazine Die Weltpolitik . He was a member of the War Committee of German Industry from 1914 to 1915, before being deployed as a soldier in Russia in 1915.

From 1916 to 1918 he was employed in the press office of the Imperial Plenipotentiary in Sofia . From 1919 he worked as editor-in-chief of the publication Deutsche Export-Revue, only to switch to Überseedienst magazine a year later . In 1923 he founded the Transatlantic Service and the magazine Weltpolitik und Weltwirtschaft with others . He was also the founder of the Association for German Migration Policy. When the Reich government supported the formation of the Central Office for Emigrant Information, he saw his plan realized and dissolved the association again. In the last years of his life he lived in Berlin-Schöneberg at Luitpoldstraße 4.

After the " seizure of power " by the National Socialists , he wrote an eulogy for Adolf Hitler in the Zeitschrift für Politik in 1934 , which he compared with Faust in Goethe's Faust II .

Dix's writings Raum und Rasse in Staat und Wirtschaft (1934), Trieb Forces der Politik (1934) and Was Deutschland los an sein Kolonien (1935) were published in the Soviet occupation zone as well as German Imperialism (1914) and World Crisis and Colonial Policy (1932) in of the German Democratic Republic placed on the list of literature to be discarded.

Views and ideas

With his economic geography studies, Dix was considered one of the pioneers of German European policy at the time. He coined the term “Central European Union Imperialism”, a concept with which sales markets for German industrial goods should be secured and the monopoly of US deliveries of goods should be broken by imports from Southeast Europe and the Middle East. He was referring to Friedrich List . From what was initially a "Central European Customs Union" - based on the German Customs Union - the " United States of Europe " should become, and thus a "firm guarantee against the crushing of Central Europe by the giant states ", especially by the USA, according to Dix in 1912.

His ideas have been postponed many times and found their way into the foreign policy of the German Empire and the ideas of right-wing liberal politicians of the Weimar Republic .

He was a member of the National Liberal Party . He heard the economics lectures of the Munich professor Lujo Brentano and recommended them to his younger brother Hjalmar Schacht .

Fonts (selection)

  • The Great Migration of 1900 . Contributions to German migration policy. Freund & Wittig. Leipzig. 1898
  • Germany on the high roads of world trade . Jena 1901
  • The youth in social and criminal policy . Jena: Verlag von Gustav Fischer 1902
  • African transport policy . Paetel. Berlin 1907
  • Social democracy, militarism and colonial politics at the socialist congresses in 1907 . Buchh. the National Liberal Party. Berlin. 1908
  • The roots of our strength . About national-physical strength maintenance, national-economic strength development and national-political strength formation. Berlin. General Association for German Literature. 1909
  • German imperialism . Dieterich Publishing House. Leipzig 1912 ( online )
  • The world economic war . Its weapons and its goals. Leipzig, Verlag S. Hirzel 1914
  • Bulgaria . Richter's travel guide, Volume 116. Hamburg / Leipzig 1917
  • Between two worlds . The People's Bridge of the Balkans. Dresden. Heimat und Welt-Vlg. 1917
  • Economic war and war economy . On the history of the German collapse. Middle. Berlin 1920
  • Between Berezina and Vardar . Land storm letters and pictures of the Balkans. Publisher Hermann Paetel. 1920
  • Political geography: world political handbook . Oldenbourg. Munich 1923
  • Political geography . Everyone's library. Nature of all countries. Religion and culture of all peoples. Knowledge and technology of all time. Ferdinand Hirt. Wroclaw 1925
  • What Germany lost in its colonies . Vw. Theodor Seitz . Berlin: Publishing house of the advertising agency "Again Colonies" 1919
  • No more "Europe"! . A guide through world history to world politics. Middle. Berlin 1928
  • The German Reichstag elections 1871-1930 and the changes in the national structure . Moor. Tubingen 1930
  • What do we have to do with Africa? Today's Africa in world economy, world traffic, world politics. Georg Stilke publishing house. Berlin. 1931
  • World crisis and colonial politics . The future of two continents. Nephew Berlin. 1932
  • Space and Race in State and Economy . Berlin, Edwin Runge Verlag 1934.
  • Policy drivers . Berlin: Heymann 1934.
items
  • About population increase and military strength in Germany . Prussian Yearbooks - Vol. 91. Ed. Hans Delbrück . Berlin, Georg Stilke 1898
  • House industry of women in Gdansk . House industry and home work in Germany and Austria. Volume 2: The domestic industry of women in Berlin. Writings of the Verein für Socialpolitik . Leipzig, Duncker & Humblot, 1899
  • Allgemeine Zeitung : The imperial city of Augsburg transition to Bavaria; the stars and stripes on the ocean . Munich. Publishing house of the Bavarian Printing House 1906
  • Yearbooks for economics and statistics :
    • Germany's economic future in war and peace . 1910
    • Germany and the Balkan market . 1916
    • The history of the Bulgarian industry . 1917
    • Economic changes in the Balkan countries as permanent effects of the war . 1918
  • Geographical journal: The geographic traffic problem of the world war: The Eurasian high road . 1917
  • Balkan Revue . Monthly magazine for the economic interests of the Southeast European countries
  • New territory . Berlin, Sassenbach. Jan. 1897
editor
  • The egoism . Verlag Freund & Wittig. Leipzig 1899
  • World politics and world economy . together with Alfred Ball. Journal. 1925
  • Spectator together with Alfred Ball. Weekly. 1924-1926
  • Raschdau, Ludwig. The way into the world crisis . Considerations by a German diplomat from the years 1912–1919. Berlin, publishing house Mittler & Sohn. 1934

literature

  • Erika Behm, Jürgen Kuczynski : Arthur Dix. Propagandist of the economic preparation for the First World War . Yearbook for Economic History (JWG), 1970.
  • Herrmann AL Degener : Who is it? Berlin 1928.
  • Dirk van Laak : Imperial Infrastructure. German plans for opening up Africa from 1880 to 1960 . Schöningh, Paderborn 2004. ISBN 3-506-71745-6 .
  • Klaus Thörner: The whole south-east is our hinterland. German Southeast Europe plans 1840-1945 . ça ira Verlag, Freiburg 2006. ISBN 3-924627-84-3 . Diss 2000 - zip

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ernst Klee : The culture lexicon for the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-10-039326-5 , p. 116.
  2. ↑ http://www.polunbi.de/bibliothek/1947-nslit-d.html
  3. ↑ http://www.polunbi.de/bibliothek/1948-nslit-d.html
  4. ↑ http://www.polunbi.de/bibliothek/1953-nslit-d.html
  5. ↑ Dix, Arthur: Germany's economic future in war and peace . Yearbooks for economics and statistics . 3rd episode, vol. 40, 1910.
personal data
SURNAME Dix, Arthur
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German economist and geopolitician
DATE OF BIRTH November 30, 1875
PLACE OF BIRTH Rittergut Kölln, West Prussia
DATE OF DEATH March 25, 1935
Place of death Berlin