Artushof (Königsberg, Kneiphof)

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The Artushof in the Königsberg district of Kneiphof , also known as Kneiphöfischer Junkerhof , was located on Brotbänkenstrasse and had existed since the Middle Ages. The Arthushof in the Kneiphof was used as a meeting place by the senators and merchants and guild fishermen. The building had four so-called angles: council , court , rose and Hölkenwinkel (named after the ship type of the Holk ). There is no trace of the various medieval Arthurian courts in Königsberg. In its place in 1704 the assembly room of the city council was built as the west wing of the Kneiphof town hall. The building was destroyed in the air raids on Königsberg and the subsequent battle for Königsberg .

The medieval Artushof in the Königsberger Brotbänkenstrasse should not be confused with the Artushof of the same name on Domplatz 3, which was only built in the 19th century.

History and equipment

Medieval Artus Court

Hölkenwinkel

Hölkenwinkel coat of arms (drawing)

The wrought-iron banister that led to the Junkerhof showed the coat of arms of the Hölkenwinkel as an ornament. The coat of arms of the Hölkenwinkel represented a ship with two crossed boat hooks. Ribbons adorned with putti fluttered above the sailing ship . The ribbons emanated from Mary , who carried the baby Jesus in one arm and a rose in the other hand. Two cliffs occupied by castles and churches towered up around the ship, under which there were many people and animals. Below were two coats of arms. A coat of arms showed a saint with a tower and palm tree and the bishop Adalbert .

The silver shield was created by the Königsberg goldsmith Paul Hoffmann around 1550. The silver shield was part of a large silver treasure from merchants and guild traders, which consisted of 93 shields and three gold-plated drinking horns. The treasure was sold to settle the war contribution of the Napoleonic Wars. On the ship's billowing sail read:

Will Got so
Far ick wol de
wile ick leve
Anyone who wants to give me that for gund
and not
restrict d sl d mort
If God
wants it, I will do well while
I am alive.
Whoever grants me this
and does not
restrict me will kill me .

The sign finally ended up in the art collections of the Königsberg Palace.

Rosenwinkel

Königsberg, Kneiphöfischer Junkerhof, Rosenwinkel.

The Rosenwinkel was named after the Marian rose of the Teutonic Knights . The wrought-iron banister that led to the Junkerhof showed the Rosenwinkel coat of arms as an ornament. The Rosenwinkel coat of arms showed the rose in the middle, framed by a wreath of leaves, decorated with putti . A renaissance ornament adorned the corners. Fruits and flowers framed a kind of cartouche with names, with angels herming .

In the Rosenwinkel , jurisdiction was held over the entire court and the guilty were punished. In the Rosenwinkel , the court brothers were elected according to the same laws, celebrations and freedoms as in the old town Junkerhof, and at weddings and drinking parties, the coats of arms, silver implements and silver shields were displayed publicly. The table of the tribunes , the parents' table , stood by the stove . Behind the stove was the figure of Bacchus with ornaments. Eighteen brass candlesticks were attached to the walls. In the middle there were four deer antlers with candlesticks. The statue of St. Sebastian was also located in the Rosenwinkel . One painting showed Wladislaw IV. Wasa , King of Poland, with a crown and scepter on the table. Next to it was a standing Molossian dog whose necklace was painted with three roses and showed the number 1639.

Statue of the XVII. Century, Hans von Sagan , standard bearer at the Battle of Rudau 1370.

There were also paintings in the Rosenwinkel that represented the city of Königsberg and the Battle of Rudau in 1370.

“Whether the order represented the Prussian country
is almost known,
because the Pohl penetrated the land hard
by the order it was protected
and whether the Pohl nam out of hand,
the order has already turned to flee
, but the Kneiphöffische Fahn caught,
a Schuchknecht even a pugnacious man,
hence the luck and victory at hand
Auffs order has since turned.
That is why God is to be thanked
and Hans von Sagen at the time who desires the Smeckbier
from the high authorities at
all times
in heavenly way to special honor,
City of Kneiphoff no other
such man should be tricked out
with peace on the Princely House
and obs So far, what has been postponed
, it is therefore not at all canceled
if
the old people defend their freedom and justice with good and blood
and have
brought such things to their posterity with great power
is to honor them upright
through the painter's art this history
with eternal gratitude to
their manly did is spread
and their
offspring equal white strive for virtue honoring preiß. Renoviret 1614 "

Council or Senator angles

The senators gathered in the council corner . In the senator's corner there were ten boards of the mayors with the number 1578, as well as a painting The Last Judgment and underneath the following words: "Recte judicate filii hominum, ne a judice supremo judicemini".

Court or Schöppenwinkel

There were various statues in the Judgment or Schöppenwinkel , including those of Justitia and that of Cambyses . The following rhymes can be read there:

" Cambyses has torn off lahn,
The judge who has done wrong,
Zeleucus did not want to break his command, let
him and his son stab an eye ."

City Council Hall

City council hall, stucco ceiling

The city council hall in the Kneiphöfischen Junkerhof was built in 1704. It was 14 m long, 12 m wide and 7 m high. Originally pilasters with bulging, Ionic capitals supported the ceiling. Between the pilasters were the portraits of the electors and kings. The Ionic capitals were later removed and greatly simplified. The stucco figures in the hollow depicted the four seasons and the four elements. Between them there were allegorical paintings, which were later replaced by simplified stucco ornaments. This was followed by geniuses , tendrils in stucco and shells in the corners. In the center there was also an allegorical painting, which was replaced by an oil painting by Johannes Heydeck in 1889, which depicted the arts and merrymaking. The painting removed by Heydeck was featured in the Königsberger Hartungschen Zeitung in 1865 . The stucco work was done by the Pörzel brothers from Königsberg. Until 1933 there were two busts in the Kneiphöfischer Stadtverordensaal, created by Rudolf Leopold Siemering (born August 10, 1835, † January 23, 1905 in Berlin). Both were removed by the National Socialists because they portrayed Jews. One bust represented Eduard von Simson , while the other bust showed Johann Jacoby .

literature

  • Adolf Boetticher (Ed.): The architectural and art monuments of the province of East Prussia. On behalf of the East Prussian Provincial Parliament . Booklet VII. The architectural and art monuments in Königsberg. Bernhardt Teichert, Königsberg 1897, OCLC 312871065 .
  • Walther Franz: History of the city of Königsberg . Series: The Göttingen Working Group. Series of publications, issue 30. Holzner-Verlag, Kitzingen / Main 1953, OCLC 12208401 .
  • Baldur Köster: Königsberg. Architecture from the German era . Husum, Husum 2000, ISBN 3-88042-923-5 .
  • Markus Podehl: Architektura Kaliningrada - How Kaliningrad became from Königsberg. (=  Materials on the art, culture and history of East Central Europe . Volume 1 ). Herder Institute, Marburg 2012, ISBN 978-3-87969-375-7 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ cf. Boetticher, p. 355.
  2. ↑ cf. Boetticher, pp. 353-357: Kneiphöfischer Junkerhof.
  3. ^ Herbert Meinhard Mühlpfordt: Immortal Königsberg Castle. P. Lang, Frankfurt am Main 2004, OCLC 56686151, p. 101.
  4. ↑ cf. Boetticher, pp. 353-357: Kneiphöfischer Junkerhof .
  5. ↑ Boetticher, p. 353: Kneiphöfischer Junkerhof .
  6. ↑ Boetticher, p. 353: Kneiphöfischer Junkerhof .
  7. ↑ cf. Boetticher, p. 357.
  8. ↑ Königsberger Hartungsche Zeitung 1865 No. 306 1st part. Fig. 226.
  9. ↑ EV Czihak and Waltor Simon: Konigsberg stucco ceilings . In: Association for the history of East and West Prussia (ed.): Old Prussian Monthly , Issue 36, Königsberg 1899
  10. ↑ cf. Franz, p. 153.
  11. ↑ Königsberger Hartungsche Zeitung 1865 No. 306 1st supplement
  12. ↑ cf. Boetticher, pp. 353-357
  13. ↑ cf. Köster, p. 203 Junkerhof .
  14. ↑ cf. Herbert Meinhard Mühlpfordt: Königsberg sculptures and their masters 1255-1945 . Holzner, Würzburg 1970, OCLC 4261883 , p. 165 and 166 .

Web links

Commons : Artushof (Konigsberg, Kneiphof)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 54 ° 42 ′ 23.1 ″  N , 20 ° 30 ′ 30.3 ″  E