Atiyyat al-Abnudi

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Atiyyat al-Abnudi , also Ateyyat El Abnoudy ( Arabic عطيات الأبنودي, DMG ʿAṭiyyāt al-Abnūdiyy , born Atiyyat Awad Mahmud Khalil in Arabic عطيات عوض محمود خليل, DMG ʿAṭiyyāt ʿAwaḍ Maḥmūd Ḫalīl ; born October 26, 1939 in El-Senbellawein ; died October 5, 2018 ) was an Egyptian journalist , lawyer , actress , film producer and director . Al-Abnudi was one of the pioneers of the Egyptian documentary film and was considered the "filmmaker of the poor people".

biography

Early years and education

Atiyyat al-Abnudi was born into a working class family in a small town in the Ad-Daqahliyya governorate in the north of the Nile Delta . She had three sisters and three brothers; she was the only one of the sisters who graduated from high school. She studied law at the University of Cairo , which was made possible by educational reforms in the wake of Nasserism . In order to finance her studies, she worked as an actress and took on various functions at the theater, such as assistant director and stage manager. During her studies she met her second husband, the journalist and poet Abd ar-Rahman Abnudi , with whom she was in a relationship until the early 1990s. Through him she got in touch with a circle of writers, poets and other Egyptian artists.

Professional career

In 1972, al-Abnudi graduated from the Cairo Higher Institute of Cinema . In 1976 she graduated from the National Film and Television School in Beaconsfield , UK , where she studied for three years on a British Council scholarship . Although she received a work permit and offers there, she returned to Egypt because she was homesick. She felt very lonely in England and found her surroundings there to be "cold", which is not related to the weather. Back in Egypt, she worked as a journalist and wrote four books, including The Third Cinema in 2012 , in which she dealt with the history of cinema.

As a filmmaker, Al-Abnudi developed a particular interest in the life of the poor in Egypt, especially those in Cairo . She was nicknamed the “poor people filmmaker” and “mother of documentaries” and inspired other Arab women to follow in her footsteps. She was the first Egyptian woman to run her own production company - Abnudi Film - who supported other filmmakers with objectives similar to hers. The entire technical equipment was her property, so that she could make films on a small budget and was not dependent on donors and their content requirements.

In 1972 Atiyyat al-Abnudi made her first documentary Hosan al-Tin (Mud Horse ) , which was also the first Egyptian documentary made by a woman. It shows the hard and monotonous work of women and men (and animals) in a brick factory. Her film Permissible Dreams ( Possible Dreams , 1983), in which a woman from the region of the Suez Canal is portrayed, was a German-Egyptian production. In the film, Buyers and Sellers ( The one sold and the other buys , 1992) presents them as unscrupulous land dealers of the rural population abschwatzen their land; Hotels that made their owners rich were built on the plots of land that had been bought below their value. The Egyptian filmmaker Tamer el-Said : “She wanted to give a voice to those who never had a say in the official narrative. She has always defended disadvantaged people, but at the same time she has never presented them as victims, but rather seen and shown their strengths. ”In Days of Democracy from 1996 she interviewed women who were candidates for the Egyptian parliament.

Since Atiyyat Al-Abnudi's films primarily dealt with political, social and economic problems in Egypt, she has had problems with censorship since the era of President Sadat , especially after a stricter law on film censorship was passed in 1976. As a result, she received no financial support from the Egyptian state. In 2008 Al Jazeera broadcast a portrait (Days of Documentary) about her. She was a member of the jury of the Mannheim-Heidelberg International Film Festival , chairwoman of the international jury at the Oberhausen International Short Film Festival and a jury member at other festivals.

“The Egyptian filmmaker Atteyat al-Abnoudy gave a voice to those the state had forgotten - and preserved their pride and integrity. Her work creates a picture of social injustice in Egypt since the 1970s, ”wrote the German journalist and Arabist Christopher Resch. Your cinematic estate is in the archive of the Cimatheque initiative in Cairo, which al-Abnoudy helped initiate. In 2019 a retrospective of her films was shown at the Arsenal cinema in Berlin .

Nominations and Awards (selection)

Atiyyat al-Abnudi received more than 30 awards for her 22 films, including:

  • 1971: Awards at the Mannheim-Heidelberg International Film Festival and the Damascus International Film Festival
  • 1972: French Critics' Prize at the Grenoble Film Festival
  • 1990: Best Co-Production Prize at the Valencia Film Festival
  • 1992: Egyptian Film Critics Prize at the Ismailia International Documentary & Short Film Festival
  • 1998: Honored at the National Film Festival, Egyptian Ministry of Culture

Filmography

  • 1971 hisan at-tin  /حصان الطين / 'Mud horse' - 12 min. ( Video on YouTube from March 5, 2018)
  • 1971 ughniyat Touhat al-hazina  /أغنية توحة الحزينة / 'The sad song of Touhas' 1971 - 12 min.
  • 1973 suq al-Kanto  /سوق الكانتو / 'The al-Kanto market' 1973 - 12 min.
  • 1974 Two Festivals in Grenoble
  • 1975 as-sandwitsch  /الساندويتش / 'Sandwich' 1975 - 13 min.
  • 1976 manadhir min London  /مناظر من لندن / 'Views from London' - 45 min.
  • 1979 at-taqaddum ila 'l-'umq  /التقدم إلى العمق / 'Progress in depth' - 45 min.
  • 1981 bihar al-'atash  /بحار العطش / 'Seas of Thirst' - 45 min.
  • 1983 al-ahlam al-mumkina  /الأحلام الممكنة / 'Possible dreams' - 30 min.
  • 1985 Rolla Tree - 30 min.
  • 1988 iqa 'al-haya  /إيقاع الحياة / 'The rhythm of life' - 60 min.
  • 1988 nisa 'al-bitrol  /نساء البترول / 'Women of Petroleum'
  • 1989 'at al-wazir Maya  /عام الوزير مايا / 'The Year of Minister Maya ' - 60 min.
  • 1990 hadith al-ghurfa raqam thamaniya  /حديث الغرفة رقم 8 / 'Conversation in room No. 8' - 30 min.
  • 1992 illi ba'a wa illi 'shtara  /اللي باع واللي اشترى / 'One sells and the other buys' - 30 min.
  • 1993 yaumiyat fi 'l-manfa  /يوميات في منفى / 'Diaries in exile' - 55 min.
  • 1993 mufakkirat al-hijra  /مفكرة الهجرة / 'Notebook of Emigration'
  • 1994 nisa 'mas'ulat  /نساء مسؤولات / 'Responsible women' - 30 min
  • 1995 ahlam al-banat  /أحلام البنات / 'Dreams of the Daughters' - 28 min.
  • 1995 rawiya  /راوية / 'Narrator'
  • 1995 al-qatala yuhakimun ash-shahid  /القتلة يحاكمون الشهيد / 'The murderers bring the martyr to justice'
  • 1996 ayyam ad-dimuqratiya  /أيام الديمقراطية / 'Days of Democracy' - 70 min.
  • 1996 batalat misriyat  /بطلات مصريات / 'Egyptian heroines' - ten TV spots of 2 min.
  • 2000 al-Qahira 1000, al-Qahira 2000  /القاهرة 1000 القاهرة 2000 / 'Cairo in the year 1000 and 2000' - 40 min.
  • 2002 qitar an-nubiya  /قطار النوبة / 'Train to Nubia' - 35 min
  • 2004 ithyubiya bi 'uyun misriya  /إثيوبيا بعيون مصرية / 'Ethiopia with Egyptian eyes' - 30 min.
  • 2004 Tuschka  /توشكى / 'Tuschka Lakes' 2004
  • 2006 suni'a fi Misr  /صنع في مصر / 'Made in Egypt' 2006
  • raghma 'l-ichtilafat  /رغم الاختلافات / 'Despite all the differences' (no year)

literature

  • Stefanie Van de Peer: Permissible documentaries. Representation in Ateyyat El Abnoudy's Documentary . In: Journal of African Cinemas . tape 3.1 , 2011, p. 109-124 .

Web links

References and comments

  1. ↑ a b c d e Rebecca Hillauer: Encyclopedia of Arab Women Filmmakers. ISBN 9774249437 p. 43 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
  2. ↑ a b c Stefanie Van de Peer: Ateyyat El Abnoudy: Poetic Realism in Egyptian Documentaries . Edinburgh University Press, ISBN 978-1-4744-3483-6 , doi : 10.3366 / edinburgh / 9780748696062.001.0001 (American English).
  3. ↑ Anastasia Valassopoulos: Arab Cultural Studies . ISBN 978-1-315-87320-6 , doi : 10.4324 / 9781315873206 (English, taylorfrancis.com ).
  4. ↑ a b c d Ateyat El Abnoudy. In: whoisshe.wmf.org.eg. February 6, 2018, accessed August 27, 2019 .
  5. ^ Enchanted Jewelry Of Egypt: The Traditional Art and Craft. P. 13 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  6. ↑ Rebecca Hillauer: Encyclopedia of Arab Women Filmmakers. ISBN 9774249437 p. 46 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
  7. ↑ Home: Celebrating the creative life of documentary film-maker Ateyyat El Abnoudy. British Egyptian Society, April 26, 2019, accessed August 29, 2019 .
  8. ↑ a b c d e f Christopher Resch: Retrospective of the work of Atteyat al-Abnoudy: Strong people, no victims. In: de.qantara.de. October 20, 1988. Retrieved August 27, 2019 .
  9. ↑ a b Filmmaker Ateyyat El Abnoudy passes away aged 79. In: Sada Elbalad. October 6, 2018, accessed August 27, 2019 .
  10. ↑ Stefanie Van De Peer: The Physicalities of Documentaries by African Women . In: Critical Interventions . tape 5 , 2011, p. 135–153 , doi : 10.1080 / 19301944.2011.10781405 .
  11. ↑ Luisa Seutter: "She wanted to show Egypt's soul". In: magazin.zenith.me. July 24, 2019, accessed August 28, 2019 .
  12. ↑ a b c Ateyyat El Abnoudy. In: Women Make Movies. Retrieved August 27, 2019 .
personal data
SURNAME al-Abnudi, Atiyyat
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Awad Mahmud Khalil, Atiyyat; El Abnoudy, Ateyyat (English)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Egyptian journalist, lawyer, actress, film producer and director
DATE OF BIRTH October 26, 1939
PLACE OF BIRTH El-Senbella wine
DATE OF DEATH 5th October 2018