Auckland Castle

Auckland Castle

Auckland Castle (also Auckland Palace or in its vicinity Bishop's Castle or Bishop's Palace ) is located in Bishop Auckland , a city in the English county of Durham .

Auckland Castle was built as a hunting lodge and belonged to the Prince Bishop of Durham and thus the Church of England for over 800 years . The castle was the headquarters of the Bishops of Durham from 1832 and was transferred in 2012 to the Auckland Castle Trust , a non-profit organization dedicated to the restoration of the castle and estate. In addition, permanent exhibitions on the history of Christianization in Great Britain and specifically in the north-east of England have been set up.

Although the castle more like a neo-Gothic mansion as a medieval fortress stands, it remains including his "Scotland Wing" (Eng .: Scottish wing) but an Episcopal palace as a residence and official headquarters of the Bishop of Durham . The Scotland Wing currently serves as the administrative office for the Diocesan Finance Department.

The long dining room houses twelve of the thirteen famous paintings by Francisco de Zurbarán from the 17th century, which show Jacob and his twelve sons. These paintings had hung in this room that had been specially designed and built for them for 250 years. In 2001, the Church Commissioners decided to sell the works of art , which were then valued at £ 20 million, but after reconsideration, revised that decision in 2010.

On 31 March 2011, gave Church Commissioners announced that the plans to sell the painting for a donation of £ 15 million from Jonathan Garnier Ruffer had been shelved and the paintings together with the castle the Auckland Castle Trust would betrayed .

The castle is surrounded by 320 hectares of parkland that was originally used as a hunting area by the bishops and their entourage and is now open to the public. The property contains seven buildings listed by English Heritage as Grade I Historic Buildings, including the Deer House in Auckland Castle Park , built in 1760 , a large pinnacle building that was then used to protect deer and is now used as a showroom for visitors serves.

history

Around 1183, Bishop Hugh de Puiset had a manor house built on the property. Bishop Antony Bek , who moved his residence from Durham Castle to Auckland because of its proximity to his hunting grounds , later converted the mansion into a castle.

After the dissolution of the Church of England at the end of the First English Civil War in 1646, Auckland Castle was sold to Sir Arthur Hazelrigg , who demolished most of the medieval building, including the original two-story chapel, and had a mansion built again. After the restoration of the monarchy , Prince-Bishop Joseph Cosin again had Hazelrigg's mansion demolished and the castle rebuilt, converting the banquet hall into the chapel that still exists today.

In 1756, Bishop Richard Trevor bought the set of paintings of Jacob and his twelve sons from Francisco de Zubarán, which are still hanging in the long dining room today. The 17th century paintings may have been intended for South America . But they never reached their intended destination and finally came into the possession of James Mendez , who sold twelve of the thirteen to Bishop Trevor for £ 125.

Unfortunately, Bishop Trevor was unable to secure the 13th portrait, Benjamin . It was sold separately to the Duke of Ancaster and hangs in Grimsthorpe Castle in Lincolnshire . Bishop Trevor commissioned Arthur Pond to make a copy of this painting. This is now connected with the twelve originals in the long dining room of the castle, which Bishop Trevor had specially converted for this purpose.

Shute Barrington , Bishop of Durham from 1791 to 1826, commissioned noted architect James Wyatt to adapt the palace's uneven architecture at the end of the 18th century, including its throne room and garden umbrella. In 1832, Auckland Castle became the only episcopal seat of the Bishop of Durham when William van Mildert , the last Prince Bishop, abandoned Durham Castle to found the University of Durham .

In literature and television

Two episodes of the BBC television series Antiques Roadshow took place in Auckland Castle in 2006 . Even Lewis Carroll's story A Legend of Scotland plays there. The "Scotland Wing" is so named because Scottish prisoners of war were once housed there.

Notable buildings and facilities

photo	Surname	Listing as	Coordinates	Remarks	Individual evidence
	Auckland Castle	Grade I.	54 ° 39 '59 "  N , 1 ° 40' 12.7"  W.	Probably started in the 12th century and completed in the 13th century.
	Western wall tower and western walls	Grade I.	54 ° 39 ′ 58.7 "  N , 1 ° 40 ′ 21"  W.	First wall in the 14th century;
	Gatehouse	Grade I.	54 ° 39 ′ 56.5 "  N , 1 ° 40 ′ 16.3"  W.	Built by Sir Thomas Robinson in 1760 for Prince-Bishop Trevor.
	St. Peter's Chapel	Grade I.	54 ° 40 ′ 0.8 "  N , 1 ° 40 ′ 11.6"  W.	Built as a knight's hall around 1190, completed in 1249 and converted into a chapel in 1661–1665.
	Garden umbrella	Grade I.	54 ° 39 '58.3 "  N , 1 ° 40' 11.3"  W.	Built by James Wyatt around 1795 for Prince Bishop Barrington.
	Deer protection	Grade I.	54 ° 40 ′ 7 "  N , 1 ° 39 ′ 59.8"  W.	Built around 1760.
	Lodge	Grade I.	54 ° 39 ′ 56.2 "  N , 1 ° 40 ′ 15.6"  W.	built in the 17th century.
	11, Market Place	Grade II *	54 ° 39 '55.8 "  N , 1 ° 40' 17.4"  W.	Built in the early 19th century, former address: 18, Castle Square.
	15 & 16, Market Place	Grade II	54 ° 39 '56.9 "  N , 1 ° 40' 17.8"  W.	18th century gatehouses of the park.
	17 & 18, Market Place	Grade II	54 ° 39 ′ 56.9 "  N , 1 ° 40 ′ 18.5"  W.	Built in the early 18th century.
	12, Market Place	Grade II	54 ° 39 ′ 56.2 "  N , 1 ° 40 ′ 16.7"  W.	Built in the early 18th century, former address: 19, Castle Square.
	2 & 3, Castle Square	Grade II	54 ° 39 '58.3 "  N , 1 ° 40' 17.4"  W.	Medieval purpose unknown, later beneficiary house , then remise.
	Westcott Lodge	Grade II	54 ° 39 ′ 57.6 "  N , 1 ° 40 ′ 16.7"  W.	Built in the early 18th century.
	Six pillars	Grade II	54 ° 39 ′ 58.3 "  N , 1 ° 40 ′ 20.3"  W.	Probably a hay barn from the 17th century.
	Garden and driveway walls	Grade II	54 ° 39 '56.9 "  N , 1 ° 40' 12.4"  W.	Built in the 18th and 19th centuries, railings added in the 19th century.
	Jock's Bridge	Grade II	54 ° 40 ′ 15.6 "  N , 1 ° 40 ′ 9.8"  W.	Built in 1819, forms the park wall.
	Trevor's Bridge	Grade II	54 ° 40 '14.2 "  N , 1 ° 40' 4.4"  W.	Built in 1757;
	Ice house	Grade II	54 ° 40 '14.5 "  N , 1 ° 40' 1.9"  W.	Presumably built at the end of the 18th century.
	Footbridge over the Coundon Burn	Grade II	54 ° 40 ′ 18.1 "  N , 1 ° 40 ′ 1.2"  W.	Built in the middle of the 18th century.
	Footbridge over the Coundon Burn	Grade II	54 ° 40 ′ 19.6 "  N , 1 ° 39 ′ 50"  W.	Built in 1827.
	Footbridge over the Coundon Burn	Grade II	54 ° 40 ′ 17 "  N , 1 ° 39 ′ 41"  W.	Built in the 18th century.
	Puteal	Grade II	54 ° 40 ′ 20.6 "  N , 1 ° 39 ′ 31.7"  W.	2 m high pyramid, part of the castle's water supply from the 18th century.
	cistern	Grade II	54 ° 40 ′ 21.7 "  N , 1 ° 39 ′ 24.1"  W.	Part of the castle's water supply from the 18th century.
	Milestone at the castle driveway	Grade II	54 ° 40  '26.4 " N , 1 ° 39' 23.4"  W.	18th century.
	Park gates and garden umbrella	Grade II	54 ° 40 ′ 26.8 "  N , 1 ° 38 ′ 38"  W.	Built at the end of the 18th century.
	Farmhouse lodge	Grade II	54 ° 40 ′ 37.2 "  N , 1 ° 39 ′ 48.6"  W.	Built in 1779 for Prince-Bishop Egerton.
	The stables and stables of the farmhouse lodge	Grade II	54 ° 40 '37.2 "  N , 1 ° 39" 49.7 "  W.	Built in 1779.
	The stables and stables of the farmhouse lodge	Grade II	54 ° 40 ′ 36.8 "  N , 1 ° 39 ′ 47.5"  W.	Built in 1779.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ The Prince-Bishops of Durham . Durham World Heritage Site. Retrieved February 12, 2015.
2. ^ Castle History . Auckland Castle. Archived from the original on September 28, 2008. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 12, 2013. 
3. ^ Bishop Auckland Area - The Bishop's Palace . County Durham. Retrieved February 12, 2015.
4. ↑ ^{a b} The Scotland Wing . Auckland Castle ( Memento of the original from January 5, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Retrieved February 12, 2015. 
5. ↑ Long Dining Room . Auckland Castle ( Memento of the original from December 24, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Retrieved February 12, 2015. 
6. ↑ Auckland Castle . ArtFund. Retrieved February 12, 2015.
7. ^ Positive Developments at Auckland Castle . Church of England, July 20, 2012 . Retrieved February 12, 2015.
8. ^ Church Commissioners vote to keep the Zubaráns . Church of England, September 29, 2005. Retrieved February 12, 2015.
9. ↑ Jonathan Garnier Ruffer . Debrett's People of Today ( Memento of the original from April 26, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Retrieved February 12, 2015.  
10. ↑ Man on a mission: Jonathan Ruffer and the Auckland Castle Trust . Financial Times Online . Retrieved February 12, 2015.
11. ↑ Francisco Zubarán paintings saved by £ 15m donation . BBC Online, March 31, 2011 . Retrieved February 12, 2015.
12. ^ Tom Hutchinson: The History of Bishop Auckland . The People's History, Seaham 2005. ISBN 1-902527-59-3 . P. 20.
13. ↑ ^{a b} Auckland Castle . Images of England. Archived from the original on December 6, 2008. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 12, 2015. 
14. ↑ ^{a b} Auckland Castle West Mural Wall . Images of England. Archived from the original on December 6, 2008. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 12, 2015. 
15. ↑ ^{a b} Auckland Castle Gatehouse . Images of England. Archived from the original on December 6, 2008. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 12, 2015. 
16. ↑ ^{a b} Auckland Castle Chapel of St Peter . Images of England. Archived from the original on December 6, 2008. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 12, 2015. 
17. ↑ ^{a b} Auckland Castle Screen Wall . Images of England. Archived from the original on December 6, 2008. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 12, 2015. 
18. ↑ ^{a b} Auckland Castle Deer Shelter . Images of England. Archived from the original on December 6, 2008. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 12, 2015. 
19. ↑ ^{a b} Auckland Castle Lodge . Images of England. Archived from the original on December 6, 2008. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 12, 2015. 
20. ↑ Auckland Castle Deer House . English Heritage . Retrieved February 12, 2015.
21. ^ David Simpson: The North East England History Pages - Bishop Auckland and Surrounds . Archived from the original on September 30, 2007. Retrieved February 12, 2015.
22. ^ Tom Hutchinson: The History of Bishop Auckland . The People's History, Seaham 2005. ISBN 1-902527-59-3 . P. 14.
23. ^ ^{A b} Joseph Barber Lightfoot: Leaders in the Northern Church: Sermons Preached in the Diocese of Durham . Macmillan, 1892. p. 140.
24. ↑ Glen Lyndon Dodds: Historic Sites of County Durham . Albion, 1996. ISBN 978-0-9525122-5-7 . P. 16.
25. ↑ William Whellan: History, Topography, and Directory of the County Palatine of Durham . William Whellan and Co., 1856. p. 279. Retrieved February 12, 2015.
26. ^ William Fordyce: The History and Antiquities of the County Palatine of Durham . A. Fullarton and Co., 1857. p. 548. Retrieved February 12, 2015.
27. ^ Spanish Symposium . The Bowes Museum. Retrieved February 12, 2015.
28. ↑ Simon Jenkins: London should keep its hands off the treasures of the north . The Guardian. October 7, 2005. Archived from the original on August 24, 2007. Retrieved on February 12, 2015.
29. ↑ Bid to keep castle paintings in NE . The Northern Echo. May 14, 2001. Archived from the original on September 29, 2007. Retrieved on February 12, 2015.
30. ↑ 11 Market Place . Images of England. Archived from the original on October 24, 2012. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 12, 2015. 
31. ↑ 15-16 Market Place . Images of England. Archived from the original on November 14, 2007. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 12, 2015. 
32. ↑ 17-18 Market Place . Images of England. Archived from the original on October 24, 2012. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 12, 2015. 
33. ↑ 12 Market Place . Images of England. Archived from the original on October 24, 2012. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 12, 2015. 
34. ↑ potting shed and garages west of Auckland Castle . Images of England. Archived from the original on November 21, 2007. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 12, 2015. 
35. ^ Westcott Lodge . Images of England. Archived from the original on October 24, 2012. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 12, 2015. 
36. ^ Six Pillars 3 Meters East of West Wall of Auckland Castle, Bishop Auckland . British Listed Buildings. Retrieved February 12, 2015.
37. ^ Six Pillars 3m East of West Wall . Images of England. Archived from the original on October 24, 2012. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 12, 2015. 
38. ^ Garden and Drive Walls . Images of England. Archived from the original on November 26, 2007. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 12, 2015. 
39. ↑ Jock's Bridge . Images of England. Archived from the original on October 13, 2007. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 12, 2015. 
40. ↑ Drive bridge over River Gaunless . Images of England. Archived from the original on October 24, 2012. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 12, 2015. 
41. ^ Ice House to the South of Coundon Burn . Images of England. Archived from the original on October 24, 2012. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 12, 2015. 
42. ↑ Footbridge over Coundon Burn . Images of England. Archived from the original on October 24, 2012. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 12, 2015. 
43. ↑ Footbridge over Coundon Burn . Images of England. Archived from the original on October 24, 2012. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 12, 2015. 
44. ↑ Footbridge over Coundon Burn . Images of England. Archived from the original on October 24, 2012. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 12, 2015. 
45. ↑ Well head at nz 2213 5389 in high park . Keys to the past. Archived from the original on March 5, 2016. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved March 4, 2016. 
46. ↑ Well head at nz 2213 5389 in high park . Images of England. Archived from the original on October 24, 2012. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 28, 2009. 
47. ↑ Cistern at nz 2221 5390 . Keys to the past. Archived from the original on March 5, 2016. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved March 4, 2016. 
48. ↑ Cistern at nz 2221 5390 . Images of England. Archived from the original on October 24, 2012. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 28, 2009. 
49. ^ Milestone on Castle Drive . Images of England. Archived from the original on October 24, 2012. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 12, 2015. 
50. ^ Park Gates and Screen Wall . Images of England. Archived from the original on October 24, 2012. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 12, 2015. 
51. ↑ Lodge Farmhouse . Images of England. Archived from the original on October 24, 2012. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 12, 2015. 
52. ^ Stables and Barn of Lodge Farmhouse . Images of England. Archived from the original on October 24, 2012. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 12, 2015. 
53. ^ Stables and Barn of Lodge Farmhouse . Images of England. Archived from the original on October 24, 2012. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 12, 2015. 

literature

• James Raine: A brief historical account of the episcopal castle, or palace, of Auckland . George Andrews, 1852.

Web links

Commons : Auckland Castle  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Auckland Castle website

Coordinates: 54 ° 39'59 "  N , 1 ° 40'12.7"  W.